What are the specific categories of abstract ideas in patent law?

According to MPEP 2106.04(a)(2), there are three main categories of abstract ideas:

• Mathematical concepts: Including mathematical relationships, formulas, equations, and calculations.
• Certain methods of organizing human activity: This includes fundamental economic principles or practices, commercial or legal interactions, and managing personal behavior or relationships.
• Mental processes: Concepts performed in the human mind, such as observations, evaluations, judgments, and opinions.

The MPEP states: “The enumerated groupings of abstract ideas are defined as: 1) Mathematical concepts …; 2) Certain methods of organizing human activity …; and 3) Mental processes …”

To learn more:

• abstract ideas
• patent law
• mathematical concepts
• methods of organizing human activity
• mental processes