What factors do courts consider in determining if an invention was offered for sale primarily for experimentation?
Courts consider several factors to determine if a claimed invention was offered for sale primarily for experimentation. According to MPEP 2133.03(e)(4), these factors include:
“(1) the necessity for public testing, (2) the amount of control over the experiment retained by the inventor, (3) the nature of the invention, (4) the length of the test period, (5) whether payment was made, (6) whether there was a secrecy obligation, (7) whether records of the experiment were kept, (8) who conducted the experiment, … (9) the degree of commercial exploitation during testing[,] … (10) whether the invention reasonably requires evaluation under actual conditions of use, (11) whether testing was systematically performed, (12) whether the inventor continually monitored the invention during testing, and (13) the nature of contacts made with potential customers.”
It’s important to note that no single factor or combination of factors is necessarily determinative. The examiner must assess the scope and length of the activity in relation to the experimental purpose and the nature of the subject matter involved.
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