How should patent examiners phrase rejections based on prior art?

When rejecting claims based on prior art, patent examiners should use clear and definitive language. The MPEP states, The language to be used in rejecting claims should be unequivocal. This guidance emphasizes the importance of clarity in rejections to ensure that applicants fully understand the basis for the rejection and can respond effectively.

For more detailed information on how to phrase rejections, examiners are directed to MPEP § 707.07(d), which provides specific guidelines on the proper language and format for rejections.

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