How does a joint research agreement affect the AIA first inventor to file provisions?
This page is an FAQ based on guidance from the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only: it is not legal advice.
A joint research agreement (JRA) can have significant implications for the America Invents Act (AIA) first inventor to file provisions. Specifically:
- It can help prevent collaborators’ disclosures from being used as prior art against each other.
- It affects how the USPTO applies the 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) exception to prior art.
According to MPEP 2156: “If the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 102(c) are met, common ownership or obligation of assignment to the same person of a claimed invention and a prior art disclosure may be established by showing that the disclosure was developed and made by or on behalf of parties to a joint research agreement.” This means that disclosures made under a JRA may not be considered prior art for determining obviousness, even under the first inventor to file system.