How does WIPO Standard ST.26 define “unknown” or “other” nucleotides and amino acids?
MPEP 2412.03(a) refers to WIPO Standard ST.26, which defines “unknown” or “other” nucleotides and amino acids using specific symbols: For nucleotides, the symbol “n” represents “unknown” or “other” For amino acids, the symbol “X” represents “unknown” or “other” The MPEP provides tables for both nucleotide and amino acid symbols, stating: n a or c or…
Read MoreHow should unknown amino acids be represented in sequence listings?
How should unknown amino acids be represented in sequence listings? The MPEP 2412.05 provides specific guidance on representing unknown amino acids in sequence listings: “The symbol “Xaa” must be used to represent an unknown or other amino acid.” This means that whenever an amino acid in a sequence is unknown or cannot be confidently identified,…
Read MoreHow should unknown amino acids be represented in a sequence listing?
The MPEP 2412.05(d) provides guidance on representing unknown amino acids in sequence listings: Use the symbol ‘X’ to represent unknown amino acids Provide further description in a feature table Use the feature key “UNSURE” and optionally the qualifier “note” The MPEP states, “Any “unknown” amino acid must be represented by the symbol “X” in the…
Read MoreHow should ambiguity in sequences be represented in a sequence listing?
How should ambiguity in sequences be represented in a sequence listing? Ambiguity in sequences should be represented using specific symbols and annotations as outlined in MPEP 2423.01 and WIPO Standard ST.25. Here’s how to handle ambiguous positions: For nucleotides: Use “n” to represent an unknown or ambiguous base For amino acids: Use “Xaa” to represent…
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