What is the purpose of requiring an applicant to add a claim under 37 CFR 41.202(c)?
The purpose of requiring an applicant to add a claim under 37 CFR 41.202(c) is to provoke an interference proceeding. According to MPEP 2304.04(b), this requirement may be made “to obtain a clearer definition of the interfering subject matter or to establish whether the applicant will pursue claims to the interfering subject matter.” The MPEP…
Read MoreHow are “wherein” and “whereby” clauses interpreted in patent claims?
The interpretation of “wherein” and “whereby” clauses in patent claims depends on their specific context and effect on the claim. According to MPEP 2111.04: “The determination of whether each of these clauses is a limitation in a claim depends on the specific facts of the case.” For “wherein” clauses, they can be limiting if they…
Read MoreWhen should the markedly different characteristics analysis be performed?
The markedly different characteristics analysis should be performed when evaluating nature-based product limitations in a claim. However, it’s important to note that not all claims containing nature-based products require this analysis. According to the MPEP, “Examiners should keep in mind that if the nature-based product limitation is naturally occurring, there is no need to perform…
Read MoreWhen is a Notice of Intent to Issue Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate (NIRC) issued?
A Notice of Intent to Issue Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate (NIRC) is issued in two main scenarios: When all claims are rejected or objected to in the prior Office action, the examiner will issue a NIRC indicating that all claims have been canceled and terminating the prosecution. When at least one claim is free of…
Read MoreWhat is a reexamination certificate?
A reexamination certificate is a document issued by the USPTO after the completion of a patent reexamination process. It confirms the patentability of the original patent claims, cancels any unpatentable claims, or incorporates allowed amended or new claims. The distribution of this certificate is crucial, as outlined in MPEP 2292: “An e-copy of the reexamination…
Read MoreWhat is an omnibus claim in patent law?
An omnibus claim is a type of patent claim that typically reads as follows: “A device substantially as shown and described.” This type of claim is generally considered problematic in patent law. According to MPEP 2173.05(r), “This claim should be rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, second paragraph, because it is…
Read MoreWhat is a means-plus-function claim limitation?
A means-plus-function claim limitation is a claim element that uses the term “means” (or “step”) and is coupled with functional language, without reciting specific structure to perform the function. These limitations are interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f). As stated in the MPEP: “An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a…
Read MoreWhat is a Markush group in patent claims?
A Markush group is a claim construction that lists alternatives to define a limitation in a patent claim. As stated in the MPEP 2173.05(h): “Claims that set forth a list of alternatives from which a selection is to be made are typically referred to as Markush claims, after the appellant in Ex parte Markush, 1925…
Read MoreWhat is the timeframe for the USPTO to decide on a supplemental examination request?
According to MPEP 2815, the USPTO has a specific timeframe to decide on a supplemental examination request. The manual states: “Within three months after the filing date of a request for supplemental examination, the Office will determine whether a substantial new question of patentability affecting any claim of the patent is raised by any of…
Read MoreWhat is the time frame for the USPTO to determine if a Substantial New Question (SNQ) of patentability is raised in a supplemental examination request?
According to MPEP 2816, the USPTO is required to make a determination within three months following the filing date of a request for supplemental examination. Specifically, the MPEP states: “35 U.S.C. 257(a) and 37 CFR 1.620(b) require that, within three months following the filing date of a request for supplemental examination, the Office will determine…
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