What are references in CPC titles and how do they affect classification?
References in CPC titles are statements enclosed in parentheses that point to other relevant classification places. As explained in MPEP 905.01(a)(1): “References are statements enclosed within parentheses in titles. The references point to other classification places that may be of interest. References apply to the classification place they appear and to all hierarchically lower classification…
Read MoreWhat are the different types of references in CPC Definitions?
CPC Definitions include several types of references, each serving a specific purpose in patent classification. According to MPEP 905.02, the main types of references are: Limiting and precedence references: These define the boundaries of classification places. Specially adapted references: These point from function-oriented (general) to application-oriented places. Residual references: These are found in residual subclasses…
Read More