35 U.S.C. § 112 — Specification (MPEP Coverage Index) – BlueIron IP

This page consolidates MPEP guidance interpreting 35 U.S.C. § 112, including 1964 rules from the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Summary

The Specification is a critical component of a patent application that must clearly and fully disclose the invention, including its background, summary, detailed description, claims, and drawings.

What this section covers

Define what this section covers at a high level by stating that the Specification includes detailed disclosure of the invention, including its background, summary, detailed description, claims, and drawings.
Identify the core topic and scope of guidance in this section by noting that it provides detailed requirements for what must be included in a patent application's Specification to ensure clarity, completeness, and compliance with legal standards.

Key obligations

State a key compliance obligation tied to authority (USC/CFR) by emphasizing that the Specification must comply with 35 U.S.C. § 112 and 37 CFR Part 1.

Practice notes

Give a practical drafting or filing tip grounded in this section by advising practitioners to carefully review the MPEP sections for specific requirements on how to draft and format the Specification.

Identify Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 1205.02Required
Rejection for Added New Matter in Claims or SpecificationMPEP 1411.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1411.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Particularly Pointed Out and Distinctly ClaimedMPEP 1451
Photographs Must Clearly Show Design FeaturesMPEP 1503.02
Examiners Must Identify Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required
Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Description Must Clearly Define Invention VariationsMPEP 1504.04
Amendment Not Supported by Original Disclosure Must Be RejectedMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by Original Disclosure Without New MatterMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Claim Must Clearly Define Invention BoundariesMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Set Forth InventionMPEP 2103
Specification Must Describe Invention as FiledMPEP 2103
Review Procedure for Utility RequirementMPEP 2107Required
No Credible Utility, No PatentMPEP 2107Required
35 U.S.C. 101 Rejection Must Incorporate 112(a) GroundsMPEP 2107Recommended
Indefinite Claims Require Rejection Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2148Permitted
Indefinite Claims Require Rejection Under 112(b)MPEP 2158.01Permitted
Requirement for All Claims Including OriginalsMPEP 2161.01
Claims Must Be Construed Broadly If Not Structurally LimitedMPEP 2161.01
Written Description and Enablement Must Be ProvidedMPEP 2162Required
Claim to Species Must Meet Written Description TestMPEP 2163Required
Specification Cannot Solely Support Expansive ClaimsMPEP 2163Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required
Claims Must Support Added Subject MatterMPEP 2163.06Recommended
Claims Must Be Rejected If Specification Adds New MatterMPEP 2163.06Recommended
Study Entire Application for New MatterMPEP 2163.06
Specification Must Describe How to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164
Specification Must Describe How to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164Required
Enablement Not Dependent on Example DisclosureMPEP 2164.02
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.04Required
Requirement for Describing How to Use InventionMPEP 2164.07
Specification Must Describe How Invention Can Be UsedMPEP 2164.07Required
Enablement Fails Without UtilityMPEP 2164.07
Nonuseful Subject Matter Requires Both Utility and Enablement RejectionsMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Enablement Must Be Demonstrated for Useful InventionMPEP 2164.07
Claim Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08
Claims Do Not Need To Include Obvious FactorsMPEP 2164.08Required
Requirement for Written Description and Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 2166
Utility Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 2166
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2166Recommended
Claims Must Particularly Point Out InventionMPEP 2171Required
Requirement for Claims to Correspond with SpecificationMPEP 2172
Claims Must Correspond to Inventor’s InventionMPEP 2172
Requirement for Claiming Inventor’s Subject MatterMPEP 2172.01
Claims Must Include All Invention ElementsMPEP 2172.01Permitted
Claim Must Describe Invention AdequatelyMPEP 2172.01Recommended
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the InventionMPEP 2173Required
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the InventionMPEP 2173
Definiteness Requirement for ClaimsMPEP 2173Required
Claim Must Be Definite Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173
Requirement for Clear Claim LanguageMPEP 2173Permitted
Claims Must Clearly Define BoundariesMPEP 2173Required
Requirement for Clear and Precise Claim LanguageMPEP 2173.02
Flexibility in Claim Language as Long as Definiteness is MetMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Rationales for Claim Rejections Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.02Permitted
Examiner Must Withdraw Rejection If Persuaded by Applicant’s Arguments or AmendmentsMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Cosmetic § 112 Amendments Do Not Raise EstoppelMPEP 2173.02
Examiner Must Provide Explicit Reasoning for Rejections Related to Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by Inventor StatementsMPEP 2173.04
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.04
Topics for Issues Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05
Specific Topics for Section 112(b) GuidanceMPEP 2173.05Permitted
Claims Must Reasonably Apprise Artists of Invention Utilization and ScopeMPEP 2173.05(a)
Claim Language Acceptability Not Dependent on Degree TermsMPEP 2173.05(b)
Narrow Ranges in Single Claim Cause IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended
Examples and Preferences May Lead to Claim AmbiguityMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended
Optionally Clause Can Cause IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted
Claim Can Use Negative LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(i)
Claims Must Comply with Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(j)Recommended
Claim Complies with 112 Second ParagraphMPEP 2173.05(j)
Claim May Reference Process Without Being Objectionable Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(p)Permitted
Claim Must Recite Steps Under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(q)
Requirement for Indefinite Claims Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(q)
Utilizing Step Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q)
Claim Must Not Cause Scope ConfusionMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended
Process Claims Not Rejected on Inherent FunctionMPEP 2173.05(v)
First Approach Avoids Piecemeal Examination and Improves Prior Art AppreciationMPEP 2173.06Permitted
Specification and Claims Must Meet Separate StandardsMPEP 2174
Claim Support RequirementMPEP 2174Recommended
Claims Must Include Cooling Zone LocationMPEP 2174
Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second ParagraphMPEP 2175
Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) Must Use Specified ParagraphsMPEP 2175Recommended
Guidelines for Examining Means or Step Plus Function Limitations in ClaimsMPEP 2181
Guidelines for Examining Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Requirement for Means Clause Analysis Under 112(f)MPEP 2181
Examiner Must State 112(f) Interpretation in Office ActionMPEP 2181Recommended
Requirement for Explaining Non-112(f) Treatment of Means/Step LimitationsMPEP 2181Required
Option for Avoiding 112(f) Interpretation in ClaimsMPEP 2181Permitted
Unclear Claim Limitation May Be Rejected Under 112(b)MPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Without Means Presumes No 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181
Claim Element Without 'Means' Triggers Non-112(f) PresumptionMPEP 2181Recommended
Claim Limitation Using Generic Placeholder Invokes 35 U.S.C. 112(f)MPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Element Without Means Step Presumes Non-112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181
Requirement for Clear Preamble InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted
Non-112(f) Claims Not Limited to Specified StructureMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Using Means Must Be Structurally DefinedMPEP 2181
Claim Step for Must Be Sufficiently DefinedMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Must Be Modified by Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2181Required
Claim May Be Indefinite When 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Analysis Is AmbiguousMPEP 2181Recommended
Opportunity to Clarify Claim Interpretation During Application ProcessMPEP 2181
Microprocessor as Computer Function StructureMPEP 2181Permitted
Structure Must Include Algorithm for Computer-Implemented FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Computer FunctionalityMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Requires Hardware Or Software ImplementationMPEP 2181Required
Claim Including Software Only Is IndefiniteMPEP 2181Required
Insufficient Supporting Structure or Algorithm RejectionMPEP 2181
Requirement for Clear Structure DisclosureMPEP 2181Permitted
Claimed Function Must Be Clearly Linked to Disclosed StructureMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation May Be Indefinite When 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Analysis Is AmbiguousMPEP 2181Recommended
Opportunity to Clarify Claim Interpretation During ExaminationMPEP 2181
Claim Must Cover Described StructureMPEP 2181Required
Functional Limitations Must Correspond to DescriptionMPEP 2181Prohibited
Requirement for Describing Corresponding Structure When Means-Plus-Function Is UsedMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention AdequatelyMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Requirement for Function Claim SupportMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Structure BroadlyMPEP 2181Required
Means-Plus-Function Claims Require Adequate DisclosureMPEP 2181Prohibited
Inadequate Means-Plus-Function Disclosure Fails Written Description and EnablementMPEP 2181Permitted
Specification Must Explicitly State Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function Claim ElementsMPEP 2181Prohibited
Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited
System Configured to Compare Pixel ValuesMPEP 2181
Examiner Must Specify Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181Recommended
Claim Limitation Presumed to Invoke Means-Plus-Function When Using 'Means' and Functional Language Without Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Specify Corresponding Structure When Applying 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended
Means Clause Presumes 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181
Rebuttable Presumptions for 35 U.S.C. 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended
Examiners Must Apply Presumption and Prong Analysis for Functional Claim LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended
Claim Limitation Must Be Interpreted Under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Explicitly StatedMPEP 2181Recommended
Notification of Claim Construction During ProsecutionMPEP 2181Permitted
Allowance Explanation for 112(f) ClaimsMPEP 2181Recommended
Element Must Perform Identical Function for EquivalenceMPEP 2184Prohibited
Indicia for Determining Equivalents Under 112(f)MPEP 2184Permitted
Written Description Must Support ClaimsMPEP 2185Recommended
Claim Limitation Does Not Waive Description RequirementsMPEP 2185Prohibited
Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185Recommended
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185
Use Once Per Office Action for Means ClausesMPEP 2187
Requirement for Generic Placeholder When Using MeansMPEP 2187
Examiner May Clarify Function SupportMPEP 2187Permitted
Requirement for Generic Placeholder When Invoking Means ClauseMPEP 2187
Requirement for Sufficient Structure When Means/Step UsedMPEP 2187
Requirement for Proper Claim Interpretation Before Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2187Required
Ambiguous Claim Limitation Requires Further AnalysisMPEP 2187Recommended
Claims Must Comply with Section 112 Requirements in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Recommended
Examiner Must Ensure Claims Comply With 35 U.S.C. 112 Second ParagraphMPEP 2258Recommended
Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required
Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required
Reference View May Cause UncertaintyMPEP 2920.04(a)Permitted
Reproductions Not Fully Disclosing Design PermittedMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted
Reproductions Must Fully Disclose Industrial DesignMPEP 2920.04(b)
Insufficient Drawing Rejection Overcome SuggestionMPEP 2920.05(c)Permitted
Specification and Drawing Required for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(e)Required
Written Description and Claim Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(e)Required
Indefinite Claims Must Use Form Paragraph 7.34.01MPEP 608.01(m)
Claims Must Use Parentheses to Avoid IndefinitenessMPEP 608.01(m)
Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be In Alternative FormMPEP 608.01(n)
Multiple Dependent Claim Basis ProhibitedMPEP 608.01(n)Prohibited
Conjunctive Dependent Claims ProhibitedMPEP 608.01(n)
Requirement for Full Written Description of InventionMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended
New Matter Must Be Included In RejectionMPEP 608.04(a)Prohibited
Requirement for Showing Non-Prior Art Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 803Permitted
Requirement for Newly Filed Application Not Complying with 112MPEP 1004
Requirement for Converting Design to Utility PatentMPEP 1457Recommended
Filing Requirements for Design PatentMPEP 1501Required
Title Amendment Must Not Introduce New MatterMPEP 1503.01Required
Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 1504.01Required
Examiner Must Clarify Invisible Design ElementsMPEP 1504.04Required
Separate Rejections Under 112(a) and/or (b)MPEP 1504.04Recommended
Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required
Invention Disclosure Must Reference Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required
Continuation-In-Part Not Entitled to Parent Filing Date Without Proper DisclosureMPEP 1504.20
Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 1605Required
Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 201Required
Filing Date for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04
Filing Date for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Specification and Claims Required for FilingMPEP 201.06(c)Required
Continuation-in-Part Application Can Claim Earlier Filing Date If Requirements MetMPEP 201.08Recommended
Claims Must Define Invention PreciselyMPEP 2103
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2103
Examiners Must Confirm Prima Facie Case Before Imposing RejectionMPEP 2103Recommended
Additional Tools for Patentability DeterminationMPEP 2106
Guidelines for Examining Utility ComplianceMPEP 2107
Utility Guidelines Do Not Alter Substantive RequirementsMPEP 2107
Withdraw Utility Rejections If Satisfactorily RebutedMPEP 2107
Best Mode Requirement for Utility DescriptionMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Utility Requirement Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.02
Utility Requirement Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a)MPEP 2107.02
Prior Application Must Disclose Named Inventor’s InventionMPEP 2109Required
Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 211Required
Later Application Can Disclose More Than PriorMPEP 211.01(b)Permitted
Provisional Specification Must Enable InventionMPEP 211.05Required
Claim Term Without Clear Meaning Requires Broadest Reasonable InterpretationMPEP 2111.01Recommended
Child CIP Effective Date When No Parent SupportMPEP 2133.01
Prior Art from Earlier Filed Application Must Be SupportedMPEP 2136.03
Subject Matter Must Be Disclosed in Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2136.03Required
Prior Filed Application Must Describe Subject Matter for RejectionMPEP 2154.01(b)Required
Affidavit Not Needing Enabling DisclosureMPEP 2155.04Required
Claims Must Have Support in DescriptionMPEP 2159.02Prohibited
Amendments Containing New Matter Must Be Handled CarefullyMPEP 2159.02Required
Examination of Foreign Application for Sufficiency and Claims BasisMPEP 216Required
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2161
Written Description and Enablement RequirementMPEP 2161
Computer-Implemented Functional Claims Must Be Described SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Not Solely Describe One EmbodimentMPEP 2161.01Prohibited
Written Description Requirement for Generic MethodsMPEP 2161.01
Enablement Requirement for All Claimed Subject MatterMPEP 2161.01
Requirement for Full and Clear Description of InventionMPEP 2162Required
Guidelines for Evaluating Patent Applications Under the Written Description RequirementMPEP 2163
Requirement for Determining Written Description ComplianceMPEP 2163
Claims Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2163.02
Claims Entitled to Foreign Priority DateMPEP 2163.03Required
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2163.03Required
Claim Must Specifically Disclose Each SpeciesMPEP 2163.05
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.01(b)
Disclosure of Other Methods Not Required for Claim ValidityMPEP 2164.01(b)Permitted
Specification Must Describe How to Use InventionMPEP 2164.01(c)
Specification Must Be Understandable to Skilled PersonMPEP 2164.05(a)
Insufficient Disclosure of InventionMPEP 2164.06(a)
Rejections Based on 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and 101 RequiredMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Single Means Claim Is NonenablingMPEP 2164.08(a)
Best Mode Requirement for Applications Filed On Or After September 16, 2012MPEP 2165
Written Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 2165
Best Mode Must Not Invalidate PatentMPEP 2165Prohibited
Best Mode Not Altering Examining PracticesMPEP 2165
Disclosure Must Comply With Pre-AIA 112 First ParagraphMPEP 2165Required
Disclosure Must Comply with Pre-AIA 112, Except Best ModeMPEP 2165Required
Disclosure Not Needed Unless Filing Date CriticalMPEP 2165
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed In Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2165
Best Mode Is Required Separately From EnablementMPEP 2165.02
Best Mode Requirement Not Triggered by Lack of Mode DescriptionMPEP 2165.02
Notification of New Matter Added to Disclosure and ClaimsMPEP 217Required
Patent Applied for Inventors OnlyMPEP 2171
Claims Must Particularly Point Out InventionMPEP 2171
Requirement for Clarifying Indefiniteness or Invention Scope in 112(b) RejectionsMPEP 2171Recommended
Inventor Can Modify View of Invention During PendencyMPEP 2172
Examiner Must Contact Applicant for Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Examiner Must Request Claim Selection for Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Undue Multiplicity Rejection If Applicant Refuses CallMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Claim Limitation Must Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2187
Requirement for Identifying Claim Limitation Causing Rejection Under 112(b)MPEP 2187
Claim Interpretation and Indefiniteness Rejection RequirementsMPEP 2187Required
Submission Must Include Only Patents, Publications, and Claim StatementsMPEP 2205Prohibited
Patentability Questions Must Be Based on Patents or PublicationsMPEP 2217Required
Claims Examined on Patent and Publication BasisMPEP 2258
Written Description Must Support All ClaimsMPEP 2258Required
Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112 Not Limited to Reexamined MatterMPEP 2258Permitted
Original Specification, Claims, and Drawings Included in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted
Examiner Must Ensure Compliance with 35 U.S.C. 112 After Specification Amended in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Recommended
Amendment to Specification Can Invalidate ClaimsMPEP 2258Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2304.01(d)Recommended
Specification Must Describe Invention Completely Where Interference SuggestedMPEP 2304.02(d)
Written Description May Support Interfering Claim to Other Inventor’s WorkMPEP 2304.04(b)Permitted
Deposit Rules Do Not Decide PatentabilityMPEP 2403
Deposit of Biological Material Required for EnablementMPEP 2403Permitted
Deposit Requirement for Claims Under 112(b)MPEP 2403Permitted
Deposits Not Defined for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403Permitted
Deposit Not Required for Non-Replicating MaterialsMPEP 2403Required
Deposit Not Required Unless Necessary for PatentabilityMPEP 2404
Deposit Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2404Required
Deposit Reference Permitted in SpecificationMPEP 2404Required
Deposit Not Needed Unless Access NecessaryMPEP 2404Recommended
Deposit Required for Biological Material AccessibilityMPEP 2404.01
Deposit Required for Accessibility EvidenceMPEP 2404.01Permitted
Reference to Biological Material Does Not Imply Deposit RequirementMPEP 2404.03Prohibited
Deposit of Biological Materials Must Be in Recognized RepositoryMPEP 2405
Permissible Reference to Non-Depository Biological MaterialMPEP 2405Prohibited
Deposit of Biological Material Before Filing or During PendencyMPEP 2406Permitted
Deposit Requirement Before Issue Fee PaymentMPEP 2406Required
Requirement for Specific Identification of Biological MaterialMPEP 2406.01
Biological Material Description Not Required at FilingMPEP 2406.02Permitted
Deposit of Biological Material Before Foreign Filing Date Required for PriorityMPEP 2406.03Prohibited
Replacement Deposit Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2407.01Required
Alternative Deposit Must Meet 112 RequirementsMPEP 2407.01Required
Failure to Replace Deposit Treats Application as No Deposit MadeMPEP 2407.03Required
Deposit Must Be Tested for ViabilityMPEP 2409
Deposit Must Be Made for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2411Prohibited
Office Must Establish Necessity of Deposit for PatentabilityMPEP 2411
Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01Recommended
Enablement Requirement for Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01
Requirement for Sufficient Written DescriptionMPEP 2411.01
Claims Must Be Described In Application As FiledMPEP 2411.01
Amendments Must Be Described In ApplicationMPEP 2411.01
Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2411.01
Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01
Claims Must Reflect Inventor’s View of InventionMPEP 2411.01
Disagreement Between Disclosure and Claims Must Be Addressed Under 112(a)MPEP 2411.01Recommended
Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.02Required
Written Assurance for Biological Material DepositMPEP 2411.02Recommended
Sequence Identifiers Do Not Alter 112 RequirementsMPEP 2412.04
Use of Sequence Identifiers Does Not Raise Claim IssuesMPEP 2412.04Recommended
Incorporation By Reference of Sequence Listing XML RequiredMPEP 2413.04
Sequence Listing Not Required for ComplianceMPEP 2413.05Required
Sequence Listing Is Part of SpecificationMPEP 2417
Rules Do Not Alter 112 RequirementsMPEP 2422.01
Sequence Identifiers Do Not Raise Issues Under 112MPEP 2422.01Recommended
Sequence Listing Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2422.08Required
Sequence Listing Not Subject to 112MPEP 2429
Combination of Multiple References Under 35 U.S.C. 103 Counts as Separate ItemsMPEP 2809
Disclosure Requirement for Claims 2 and 8MPEP 2811.01
Specification Must Be Received for Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 506Required
Requirement for Complete SpecificationMPEP 506
Components Required for Filing DateMPEP 601
Specification Including Claims and Drawings Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Minimal Formal Requirements for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(a)Recommended
Specification and Claims Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Requirement for Complete Specification and ClaimsMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification and Drawings Must Be Filed for Design PatentMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification Must Contain Written DescriptionMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Missing Specification Must Be AddressedMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Claim Required for Design ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(e)
Claims Not Required for Design Applications and Nonprovisional Pre-2013MPEP 601.01(e)Prohibited
Claims May Include Tables for Compliance or DesirabilityMPEP 608.01Permitted
Hyperlinks Must Be Included If Necessary for DescriptionMPEP 608.01Recommended
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 608.01(k)Required
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 608.01(l)Recommended
Claim Duplication Under 35 U.S.C. 112(d)MPEP 608.01(m)
Use Paragraph Instead of Pre-AIA Fifth ParagraphMPEP 608.01(n)
Dependent Claim Must Refer to Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Dependent Claim RequirementsMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended
Claims Including New Limitation from Foreign Patent Rejected Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a)MPEP 608.01(p)
Amendment Required to Overcome 112(a) RejectionMPEP 608.01(p)
Specification Must Include Foreign Patent Disclosure After Final RejectionMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Desired but Not Required for Statutory ComplianceMPEP 608.02Recommended
Corrected Drawings Required If Not Permissible for ExaminationMPEP 608.02(a)Required
Specification Must Exclude New MatterMPEP 608.04Required
Claims Must Reflect Original DescriptionMPEP 608.04Recommended
Claims and Drawings Must Support InventionMPEP 702Recommended
Specification Must Include Claim and Drawing When NecessaryMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Opinions on Legal Issues Not Persuasive but Facts May BeMPEP 716.01(c)Permitted
Supplemental Evidence Must Be Known to ArtisansMPEP 716.09Required
Proper Markush Grouping Requires Structural Similarity and Common UseMPEP 803.02
Examiner Must Not Invite Election of Clearly Rejectable SpeciesMPEP 803.02Recommended
Examiner Must Show Serious Examination Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 808.02Required
First Office Action on Merits Not Final If Process Claim Does Not Comply with 112MPEP 821.04Required
Rejoined Claims After First Office Action Must Be SupportedMPEP 821.04(b)Permitted
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 1504.04Required
Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01
Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01Required
Claims Must Be Less Than or Equal to EnablementMPEP 2161.01Required
Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01
Concise Claim Explanation RequiredMPEP 1205.02
Concise Claim Subject Matter Explanation RequiredMPEP 1205.02Required
Reference to Publication Not SufficientMPEP 1205.02
New Matter Prohibition In Reissue ApplicationsMPEP 1411.02Prohibited
Objection for Added New MatterMPEP 1411.02Recommended
Objection for New Matter Not Affecting ClaimsMPEP 1411.02Recommended
Claims Must Consistently Describe InventionMPEP 1451
Requirement for Acceptable Photographic DisclosureMPEP 1503.02
Photographs Must Be Approved by ExaminerMPEP 1503.02
Examiners Must Identify Specific Drawing ShortcomingsMPEP 1504.04
Examiners Must Identify and Address Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required
Examiners Must Identify Specific Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Claim Not Enabled by DescriptionMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Differences Not Supported Must Be IdentifiedMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Examiner Must Identify Specific New MatterMPEP 1504.04
Examiner Should Suggest Correction for New MatterMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Amended Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Amendment Resulting in New Matter Due to Lack of Enablement Is ProhibitedMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Requirement for Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b)MPEP 1504.04Permitted
Provide Evidence of Established UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Examiner Must Review Subsequently Submitted Utility EvidenceMPEP 2107Recommended
Evidence Must Relate to Disclosed PropertiesMPEP 2107Recommended
Burden to Establish Nexus Between Evidence and Disclosed PropertiesMPEP 2107Required
Requirement for Sufficient Written Description of InventionMPEP 2161.01
Original Claims May Not Always Satisfy Written Description RequirementMPEP 2161.01Prohibited
Requirement for Complete Invention DescriptionMPEP 2161.01
Claim Language Must Avoid Generics and FunctionsMPEP 2161.01
Written Description Required for Functional Genus ClaimsMPEP 2161.01
Functional Claim Must Not Describe SpeciesMPEP 2161.01Permitted
Specification Must Demonstrate Invented Species for Functionally-Defined GenusMPEP 2161.01Required
Patentee Must Disclose Sufficient Information for Enablement and Written DescriptionMPEP 2162Required
Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2162Prohibited
Disclosure Must Justify Patent GrantMPEP 2162
Specification Cannot Always Support Expansive Claim LanguageMPEP 2163
Inventor Must Be In Possession of Broad Claimed InventionMPEP 2163
Disclosure of Genus Requires Support for All SpeciesMPEP 2163
Examiner Must Object to New Matter Added to DisclosureMPEP 2163.06Recommended
Examiner Must Consider Added Claim Matter During Prior Art RejectionsMPEP 2163.06Recommended
Support for Amendments Must Be Pointed OutMPEP 2163.06Recommended
Claims Must Be Enabled by DescriptionMPEP 2164Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164
Invention Must Be Described ClearlyMPEP 2164
Description Must Permit Skilled Persons to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164Prohibited
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2164
Prophetic Examples Must Be Described in Future TenseMPEP 2164.02Permitted
Working Example Based on Actual PerformanceMPEP 2164.02
Prophetic Example Description Not Past TenseMPEP 2164.02
Prophetic Examples Must Use Future/Present TenseMPEP 2164.02Recommended
Examiner Must Establish Reasonable Basis for Questioning EnablementMPEP 2164.04Required
Examiner Must Provide Reason for Doubting DisclosureMPEP 2164.04
Examiner Must Explain Doubts on EnablementMPEP 2164.04
Invention Must Have Specific UseMPEP 2164.07
Specification Cannot Teach How to Use Useless CompositionsMPEP 2164.07Prohibited
Enablement Fails If InoperativeMPEP 2164.07
Enablement Must Be Demonstrated for Useful InventionMPEP 2164.07
Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2164.07Permitted
Enablement Must Describe Invention UsefullyMPEP 2164.07
Disclosure Can Be Specific Or BroadMPEP 2164.08Permitted
Specification Must Describe How to Practice InventionMPEP 2164.08
Claims Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08
Claims Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08
Claims Must Define Subject Matter ClearlyMPEP 2171Required
Claims Must Correspond to Inventor’s View of InventionMPEP 2172Permitted
Specification Content Is Not Used as Evidence of Claim Scope MismatchMPEP 2172
Claims Must Be Clear and DefiniteMPEP 2173
Requirement for Clear Claim BoundariesMPEP 2173Required
Claims Must Define Patentable Subject Matter With ParticularityMPEP 2173.02Required
Examiners Should Suggest But Not Insist on Claim Language ImprovementsMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Examiner Must Explain Indefiniteness BasisMPEP 2173.02
Examiner Must Explain Actions Taken to Clarify Prosecution HistoryMPEP 2173.02
Clear and Complete Prosecution File Record RequiredMPEP 2173.02
Narrowing Amendment May Create EstoppelMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Necessary §112 Amendment Narrows Scope May EstopMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Requirement for Clear Reasoning on Narrowing AmendmentsMPEP 2173.02
Narrowing Amendment Presumes Full SurrenderMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.04Permitted
Claim Too Broad If Reads on Prior ArtMPEP 2173.04
Requirement for Antecedent Basis in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05
Results Are Determined by Case FactsMPEP 2173.05
Language Use May Justify Different Results Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b)MPEP 2173.05Permitted
Clarity and Precision for New TermsMPEP 2173.05(a)
Precision Requirement for New TerminologyMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
Clarity and Precision of Language RequiredMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
Examiner Must Provide Reasons for Indefiniteness and Suggest AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(a)Recommended
Relative Terminology Does Not Automatically Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(b)
Claim Language Must Be Clear to One of Ordinary Skill in the ArtMPEP 2173.05(b)
Claim Language Acceptability Depends on Intrinsic RecordMPEP 2173.05(b)
Specification Must Describe Term Self-Similar ClearlyMPEP 2173.05(b)
Claim Must Clearly Define Numerical RangesMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted
Examples and Preferences Must Be Described in SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(c)
Narrow Range May Be Stated Elsewhere In ClaimMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted
Claims Must Clearly Define BoundariesMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended
Narrow Numerical Range May Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(c)
Examples Should Not Be In ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(d)
Claims Must Clearly Set BoundariesMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended
Optionally Language Clarification for Alternative LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(h)
Optionally Included Components Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(h)
Optional Alternatives Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(h)
Negative Limitations Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(i)
Negative Limitation Is Not PermittedMPEP 2173.05(i)
Rejection Based on Old Combination No Longer ValidMPEP 2173.05(j)
Proper Basis for Old Combination Rejection Determined by Statutory LanguageMPEP 2173.05(j)
Congress Removed Rationale for Old Combination RejectionMPEP 2173.05(j)
Claims Must Not Be Rejected on Old Combination GroundsMPEP 2173.05(j)Recommended
Proper Product-By-Process ClaimMPEP 2173.05(p)
Claim to Product May Reference ProcessMPEP 2173.05(p)
Requirement for Claim Within Statutory Classes Under 101MPEP 2173.05(q)
Definite Use Claim Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q)
Claim Must Clearly Recite Utilizing StepMPEP 2173.05(q)
Claim Must Address Non-Limiting Trademark PresenceMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended
Process Claims Not Rejected Solely on Inherent FunctionMPEP 2173.05(v)
Process Claims Not Rejected for Inherent Function of Disclosed ApparatusMPEP 2173.05(v)Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2174Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2174
Claims Must Specify Cooling Step or LocationMPEP 2174
Claim Limitation Must Have Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Using Generic Placeholder Triggers 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted
Every Case Turns on Its Own Facts for 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181
Preamble Stating Intended Use Does Not Constitute Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Recommended
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181
Algorithm Required for General-Purpose ComputersMPEP 2181Permitted
Microprocessor Function Must Be CoextensiveMPEP 2181
Special Programming Requirement for Non-Coextensive FunctionsMPEP 2181
Microprocessor for Basic Computer-Implemented FunctionsMPEP 2181
Microprocessor Lends Sufficient Structure Only to Basic FunctionsMPEP 2181
Algorithm Required for Non-Coextensive Computer FunctionsMPEP 2181
Microprocessor Function Must Be CoextensiveMPEP 2181
General Purpose Computer as Structure for Function Claim Requires AlgorithmMPEP 2181
Means for Performing Computer-Implemented Function Must Include AlgorithmMPEP 2181
Computer-Implemented Function Requires AlgorithmMPEP 2181
Structure Must Include Algorithm for Computer-Implemented FunctionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Explain Computer FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Computer Functionality In DetailMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Implemented as DisclosedMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Requires Hardware Or Software EquivalentsMPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Limitation Must Cover Specified Structure or EquivalentsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Invention Adequately When 112(f) InvokedMPEP 2181Required
Structure Must Be Described for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended
Written Description Requirement for Function ClaimedMPEP 2181Permitted
Specification Must Describe Structure for Performing FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Not Include Entire Referenced DocumentMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Include Relevant Portions of Referenced DocumentMPEP 2181Recommended
Means-Plus-Function Claims Require Adequate DisclosureMPEP 2181
Claims Must Find Clear Support in DescriptionMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Must Explicitly State Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Recommended
Identify Closest Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended
Reasons for Allowance Must Clarify Structure if Not Clear in SpecMPEP 2181Recommended
Factors for Proving Nonequivalence of Prior Art ElementMPEP 2184Permitted
Element Must Perform Identical Function For EquivalenceMPEP 2184
Indicia for Determining Element Equivalents Under 112(f)MPEP 2184
Claim Interpretation May Uncertainly Describe InventionMPEP 2185Permitted
Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185
Claim Limitation Ambiguity Requires Rare ActionMPEP 2187Recommended
Guidance for New and Amended Claims Under 35 U.S.C. 112MPEP 2258
Identical Claims Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required
Identical Amendments Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required
Patent Owner Must Submit Identical Amendments After MergerMPEP 2283Required
Housekeeping Amendment Must Not Address Patentability IssuesMPEP 2283Prohibited
Avoid Using Reference View in US Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.04(a)
Avoid Using Reference View as Figure DescriptionMPEP 2920.04(a)
Reference View May Include Claimed Design FeaturesMPEP 2920.04(a)Permitted
Cumulative Claiming Not PermittedMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted
Multiple Dependent Claim LimitationMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted
Limitation on Referenced Claims for Multiple Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)
Dependent Claim Must Refer ConjunctivelyMPEP 608.01(n)
Improper Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be CorrectedMPEP 608.01(n)
Claim Must Be Rejected If New Matter AddedMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended
Requirement for Showing Serious Search BurdenMPEP 803Permitted
Requirement for Prima Facie Showing of Serious Search/Examination BurdenMPEP 803Permitted
Criteria for Restricting Markush ClaimsMPEP 803
Restriction Practice for Genus-Species ClaimsMPEP 803
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 1504.04Required
Claimed Design Must Be Clearly DisclosedMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Claims Must Be Considered as Whole for EnablementMPEP 2161.01Recommended
Guidelines for Evaluating Patent Applications' Written Description RequirementMPEP 2163
Design Patent Not Inoperative After ReissueMPEP 1457
Conversion of Design to Utility Patent Involves New MatterMPEP 1457
Disclosure Must Support Utility PatentMPEP 1457Required
Amendments to Title Must Have BasisMPEP 1503.01Prohibited
Amendment to Title Describing Environment Must Have Basis and Not Introduce New MatterMPEP 1503.01Recommended
Examiner Must State Visible Surfaces Not Shown Form No Part of DesignMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required
Failure to Submit Amendment Waives BenefitMPEP 1504.20Permitted
Director May Accept Late Amendment SubmissionMPEP 1504.20Permitted
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required
Failure to Submit Amendment Waives BenefitMPEP 1504.20Permitted
Surcharge for Unintentionally Late Amendment SubmissionMPEP 1504.20Permitted
Determine If Foreign Application Qualifies As Pre-AIA Prior ArtMPEP 1504.20Required
Foreign Application Must Mature Before CIP FilingMPEP 1504.20Required
Use MPEP Charts for Foreign Application DeterminationMPEP 1504.20Recommended
Foreign Application Must Mature into Patent to Qualify as Prior ArtMPEP 1504.20Recommended
Design from Foreign Application Anticipates or Obviates CIP ClaimMPEP 1504.20Recommended
Required Parts of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Drawings Must Be Filed With Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Amendments Not Allowed After Filing DateMPEP 201.04Permitted
Required Components of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Amendments Must Comply Statute and Regulations OnlyMPEP 201.04Permitted
Specific Reference to Earlier Filed Application RequiredMPEP 201.08
Application Data Sheet for Specific Reference After September 16, 2012MPEP 201.08Required
Specific Reference Must Be Submitted for Pre-2012 ApplicationsMPEP 201.08Required
Claims Must Be Interpreted With Disclosure ContextMPEP 2103Required
Claims Must Reasonably Apprise Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art of InventionMPEP 2103Required
Rejection Only After Comprehensive AnalysisMPEP 2103Recommended
Findings and Reasons Must Be Clearly Communicated in Office ActionsMPEP 2103Recommended
Eligibility for Patenting Not Solely Determined by Section 101MPEP 2106
Guidelines for Examining Utility RequirementsMPEP 2107
Guidelines for Examination of Utility Requirements Are Not Substantive RulesMPEP 2107
Rejections Based on Substantive Law Are AppealableMPEP 2107
Requirement for Determining Applicant’s Claimed InventionMPEP 2107Required
Claims Requirement for Statutory Subject MatterMPEP 2107Required
Claimed Invention Must Have Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Credible Utility Assertion RequiredMPEP 2107Required
One Credible Utility Assertion Per Invention RequiredMPEP 2107Required
Assertion of Specific Utility Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2107Required
No Specific and Substantial Utility Must Be EstablishedMPEP 2107Required
Examiner Must Explain Lack of Utility with EvidenceMPEP 2107Recommended
Utility Must Be Credible for PatentMPEP 2107Recommended
Invention Utility Must Be Clearly DescribedMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed at FilingMPEP 2107.02Required
Utility Must Be Proven for PatentabilityMPEP 2107.02
Invention Must Be Named In Both ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required
Inventors Must Match Between ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 211Required
Failure to Submit Amendment Waives Benefit Under Section 120MPEP 211Permitted
Director May Accept Late Submission of Benefit AmendmentMPEP 211Permitted
Continuity of Same Subject Matter Between ApplicationsMPEP 211.01(b)
Later-Filed Application as Continuing ApplicationMPEP 211.01(b)Permitted
Continuing Application Types Include Divisional, Continuation, and Continuation-in-PartMPEP 211.01(b)
Written Description Must Support Nonprovisional ClaimsMPEP 211.05Required
Examiner Must Check Specification for Claim Term MeaningMPEP 2111.01Recommended
Prior Art Disclosing Invention Before Filing Date Bars Patent Issuance for CIPMPEP 2133.01
Prior Art Disclosing Invention Bars Patent IssuanceMPEP 2133.01
Claimed Invention Must Be Described Completely for AnticipationMPEP 2154.01(b)Required
Application Disclosing Only Earlier Invention Is Pre-AIAMPEP 2159.02
Requirement for Handling New Matter AmendmentsMPEP 2159.02
Determine Identity of Invention Between U.S. and Foreign ApplicationsMPEP 216
Foreign Application Treated as Domestic FilingMPEP 216Permitted
Specification Must Not Limit Claims To One MethodMPEP 2161.01
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2161.01
Claims Must Be Supported By DescriptionMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Not Support Expansive Claims Without Broad DisclosureMPEP 2161.01
Requirement for Adequate Written DescriptionMPEP 2162
Patent Grant Enhances Scientific KnowledgeMPEP 2162
Information in Patent Becomes Public Knowledge Post GrantMPEP 2162
Complete Patentability Determination Under All Title 35 ProvisionsMPEP 2163Required
Claim Description Not LiteralMPEP 2163.02
Amended Claims Must Be Described In ApplicationMPEP 2163.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by Corresponding Foreign ApplicationMPEP 2163.03
Claimed Compound Requires Specific AmineMPEP 2163.05
Appellants Must Provide Imaginary Example to Show Specific DisclosureMPEP 2163.05Permitted
Specific Example Disclosure Required for ClaimsMPEP 2163.05
Imagining Specific Examples Not Sufficient for DisclosureMPEP 2163.05
Claims Must Specifically Disclose All SpeciesMPEP 2163.05
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.01(b)
Art Defined by Problem, Not Technology AreaMPEP 2164.05(a)Recommended
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.06(a)Required
Drawings Must Be Functionally Labeled Block DiagramsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Drawings Must Functionally Label ElementsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Specification Must Describe Block RelationshipsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Selection and Assembly of Components Must Be Routinely Achievable by Skilled ArtisansMPEP 2164.06(a)Required
Burden on Examiner to Support Lack of Utility RejectionMPEP 2164.07
Claim Covers Every Structure for Stated PropertyMPEP 2164.08(a)
Best Mode Disclosure Not Needed for Examining ProcedureMPEP 2165Recommended
Consult Supervisor If Earlier Application Lacks Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 2165Recommended
Notification of Non-Compliant AmendmentMPEP 217Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention SubjectivelyMPEP 2171
Claims Must Specifically Describe Invention as Regarded by InventorMPEP 2171
Continuation Application Can Receive Parent Filing DateMPEP 2172
Examiner Must Contact Applicant for Claim Selection During Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)
Examiner Requests Claim Selection for ExaminationMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Selection of Claims for Examination RequiredMPEP 2173.05(n)Prohibited
Examiner Must Repeat Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Requirement for Reviewing Undue Multiplicity Rejection by PTABMPEP 2173.05(n)
Requirement for Patent and Publication SubmissionsMPEP 2205Permitted
Submission Must Focus on Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2205Prohibited
References Not Previously Treated In Prosecution ProhibitedMPEP 2205Recommended
Prior Art Cannot Be Used for Public Use GroundsMPEP 2217Prohibited
Prior Art Must Directly Apply to ClaimsMPEP 2217Required
Rejections Must Be Based on Patents or PublicationsMPEP 2258Permitted
Reexamination Uses Original Examining RegimeMPEP 2258
Reexamination Under First-Inventor-to-File for New Claims After March 16, 2013MPEP 2258
Reexamination Under First-to-Invent If Prior App Filed Before March 16, 2013MPEP 2258
Sorting of Claims Not Always AppropriateMPEP 2304.01(d)Prohibited
Improvement to Described Work Not Requiring InterferenceMPEP 2304.04(b)
Improvement Over Other Inventor’s Work Not Subject to InterferenceMPEP 2304.04(b)
Specification Must Exclude Other Inventor’s WorkMPEP 2304.04(b)
No Interfering Claim for Described ImprovementMPEP 2304.04(b)Required
Rules for Depositing Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403
Definition of Biological Materials for Patent DepositsMPEP 2403Permitted
Procedures for Depositing Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403
Deposit Not Required If Public Starting Material SufficientMPEP 2403Permitted
Plant Per Se Need Not Be Deposited If Vector Contains GeneMPEP 2403
Deposit Must Be Made According to RegulationsMPEP 2404Required
Publicly Available Biological Material Not Requiring DepositMPEP 2404Permitted
Deposited Biological Material Is Considered Readily Available Regardless of Access ConditionsMPEP 2404
Deposit of Biological Material Permitted for Invention Relying on Such MaterialMPEP 2404
Patent Application May Reference Biological Material DepositMPEP 2404Permitted
Deposit Required for Necessary AccessMPEP 2404Required
Access Sufficient for Statutory Requirements Is EnoughMPEP 2404Prohibited
Depository Policy Not Established for Patent MaterialMPEP 2404.01
Depository Policy for Issued Patents Must Be AssuredMPEP 2404.01
Indicia for Known and Readily Available Biological MaterialsMPEP 2404.01Permitted
Factors Indicating Public Accessibility of Biological MaterialMPEP 2404.01
Factors May Not Alone Prove Biological Material Known and Readily AvailableMPEP 2404.01Prohibited
Reference to Biological Material Cannot Create Deposit NecessityMPEP 2404.03
Depositories Must Be Recognized Under Budapest Treaty or Commissioner’s ApprovalMPEP 2405
Deposit Must Be Recognized Under RegulationsMPEP 2405
Commissioner Announces Suitable DepotsMPEP 2405
Written Assurance Must Detail Deposit ResolutionMPEP 2406Required
Deposit Before Filing Date Required In Many CountriesMPEP 2406Required
Biological Material Must Be Specifically Identified In ApplicationMPEP 2406.01Required
Corroboration Required for Post-Filing Deposits of Biological MaterialsMPEP 2406.02Required
Corroboration Required for Post-Filing DepositsMPEP 2406.02
Notification Required When Deposit Cannot Be FurnishedMPEP 2407.01Prohibited
No Deposit If Samples UnavailableMPEP 2407.01Prohibited
Replacement or Supplemental Deposit Required If Original Does Not Meet RequirementsMPEP 2407.01
Alternative Deposit of Biological Material AllowedMPEP 2407.01Recommended
Conditions for Alternative Deposit Must Be MetMPEP 2407.01Required
Replacement Not Required When Access AvailableMPEP 2407.03
No Replacement Needed for Commercially Available MaterialMPEP 2407.03Required
Deposit Viability Must Be ConfirmedMPEP 2409
Deposit Must Be Tested for ViabilityMPEP 2409Recommended
Examiner Must Determine If Deposit Is Needed and Acceptable for Patent PurposesMPEP 2411Required
Examiner Procedures for Addressing Deposit IssuesMPEP 2411
Requirement for Enabling Disclosure Without Access to Specific Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01
Enablement Requirement for Specific Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01Recommended
Application Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2411.01Permitted
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If KnownMPEP 2411.01
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If KnownMPEP 2411.01
Requirement for Clear Biological Material DescriptionMPEP 2411.01
Claims Must Be Supported by Evidence Not in Application as FiledMPEP 2411.01
Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01
Nonresponsive Replies May Result in AbandonmentMPEP 2411.02Required
Deposit Must Be Made or AssuredMPEP 2411.02Required
Requirements for Further Submissions After Final RejectionMPEP 2411.02
Requirement for Written Assurance of DepositMPEP 2411.02Required
No Effect on Disclosure and Claiming RequirementsMPEP 2412.04
Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2412.04Permitted
Requirement for Sequence Listing XML File DetailsMPEP 2413.04
Requirement for Sequence Listing XML SubmissionMPEP 2413.04
Grant of Patent Presumes Compliance with RulesMPEP 2413.05
No Effect on Disclosure and Claiming RequirementsMPEP 2422.01
Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2422.01
Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2422.01Permitted
Patent Grant Presumes Compliance with Sequence RulesMPEP 2422.08
Single Reference Multiple Issues Counted OnceMPEP 2809
Continuation Application May Name Same or Fewer InventorsMPEP 506Permitted
Inventor Not Named in Prior Application Must File CIPMPEP 506Required
Filing Date for Non-Design Applications Is Determined by Received SpecificationMPEP 601.01(a)
Specification Required for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(a)
Filing Date Granted on Received SpecificationMPEP 601.01(a)
Specification and Drawings by Reference AllowedMPEP 601.01(a)
Specification and Drawings by Reference RequirementMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Claims Must Be Included In Previously Filed Application For Design Patent ReferenceMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification Requirement for Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 601.01(d)
Specification Requirement for Prior-Filed ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(d)Permitted
Amendment Must Accompany PetitionMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Amendment for Incomplete Specification Must Comply with RequirementsMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Extension of Two-Month Period for Specification OmissionMPEP 601.01(d)
Claim Required for Design Application Filing DateMPEP 601.01(e)
Claim Not Required for Plant Patents Filed After Dec 18, 2013MPEP 601.01(e)Required
Specification May Include Formulas but Not DrawingsMPEP 608.01Prohibited
Description May Contain Tables Not Included in DrawingsMPEP 608.01Recommended
Claims Must Define Invention for ProtectionMPEP 608.01(k)
Claims Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 608.01(l)Required
Applicant May Restate Invention ReasonablyMPEP 608.01(m)
Difference in Claim Scope PermissibleMPEP 608.01(m)
Duplicate Claims May Be Objected Under 37 CFR 1.75MPEP 608.01(m)Permitted
Dependent Claims Must Refer to Prior ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)
Nonessential Material May Be Incorporated Without ObjectionMPEP 608.01(p)
Claim Must Be Supported by Foreign PatentMPEP 608.01(p)
Amendment Changing Essential Material Status Requires SupportMPEP 608.01(p)
Alternative for Overcoming 112(a) RejectionMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Requirement for Canceling New Matter in SpecificationMPEP 608.04Recommended
Examiner Must Clearly Identify New MatterMPEP 608.04Required
Requirement for Executed Application Data SheetMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Application Data Sheet Required for FilingMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Inventor’s Oath/Declaration Required for FilingMPEP 708.02(b)
Opinion Testimony Entitled to Some WeightMPEP 716.01(c)
Opinion Testimony WeightMPEP 716.01(c)
Applicant Must Prove Enablement Using DisclosureMPEP 716.09
Proper Markush Grouping Requires Structural Similarity and Common UseMPEP 803.02
Provisional Election of Species for Markush ClaimsMPEP 803.02Permitted
Requirement for Electing SpeciesMPEP 803.02
Requirement for Proper Markush GroupMPEP 803.02Recommended
Serious Examination Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 808.02Permitted
Proper First Office Action on Merits Not Final If Process Claims Do Not ComplyMPEP 821.04
Patent Eligibility Is a Threshold InquiryMPEP 2103
Other Patent Requirements Must Be Met After EligibilityMPEP 2103Required
Constructive Reduction to Practice Requirement for Foreign PriorityMPEP 2138
Known Methods Not Required for Best ModeMPEP 2165.04
Known Methods Do Not Need to Be Disclosed Without IntentMPEP 2165.04Prohibited
Unintentional Omission of Known Methods Does Not Violate Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04
Unintentional Omission of Crane Use Not Violating Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04
Unintentional Omission of Known Information Does Not Violate Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04
Improper Multiple Dependent Claim RequirementMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted
Multiple Dependent Claim Requires Single ReferenceMPEP 608.01(n)
Mark Improper Multiple Dependent Claims with Numeral 1MPEP 608.01(n)
Requirement for Correcting Improper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Amendment for Noncompliant Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Amendment Must Not Include New Matter When Incorporating by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Prohibited
Incorporation of Essential Material ImproperMPEP 608.01(p)
Improper Incorporation by Reference Not Effective Until CorrectedMPEP 608.01(p)
Examiner Must Objection Rejection Until Applicant Corrects Improper Incorporation By ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended
Requirement for Correcting Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Amendment to Correct Improper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Improper Incorporation By Reference Slows ProsecutionMPEP 608.01(p)
Applicants Must Timely Correct Incorporation by Reference ErrorsMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Correction of Improper Incorporation by Reference Must Be TimelyMPEP 608.01(p)Required

Identify Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 1205.02Required
Design Can Be Defined by Single Plan-ViewMPEP 1504.04Required
Examiners Must Identify Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required
Claim Must Be Described In Original FilingMPEP 1504.04Required
Amended Design Must Convey Invention PossessionMPEP 1504.04Required
Search Must Include Corresponding StructureMPEP 2103Required
Review Procedure for Utility RequirementMPEP 2107Required
No Credible Utility, No PatentMPEP 2107Required
Utility Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.01Required
Claimed Element Must Be Constrained by SpecificationMPEP 2111.01Required
Use of Post-Filing Date Evidence for EnablementMPEP 2124Required
Specification Must Describe Invention Completely for Interference CountMPEP 2138.05Required
Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required
Insufficient Disclosure of Function Means Requires Written Description RejectionMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Teach Full Scope Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01Required
USPTO Must Establish Reasonable Basis for Questioning EnablementMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Enable Full Claim ScopeMPEP 2161.01Required
Written Description and Enablement Must Be ProvidedMPEP 2162Required
Specification Must Contain Detailed Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163Required
Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2163Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function Claim LimitationsMPEP 2163Required
Claim Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163Required
Claim to Species Must Meet Written Description TestMPEP 2163Required
Requirement for Adequate Written Description of GenusMPEP 2163Required
Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required
Claim Limitation Must Be Supported In Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required
Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required
Claim Limitation Requires Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163.03Required
Insufficient Corresponding Structure for Function ClaimedMPEP 2163.03Required
Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163.05Required
Specification Must Describe How to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.04Required
Challenge Component Enablement If More Than Routine Experimentation RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c)Required
Program Listing and Prior Art Computer System Required for Block Diagram DisclosuresMPEP 2164.06(c)Required
Specification Must Describe How Invention Can Be UsedMPEP 2164.07Required
Utility Requirement for 35 U.S.C. 101 RejectionMPEP 2164.07Required
Burden Shifts to Applicant to Rebut Utility AssertionMPEP 2164.07Required
Claims Do Not Need To Include Obvious FactorsMPEP 2164.08Required
No Requirement to Update Best Mode for Priority ApplicationsMPEP 2165.01Required
Claims Must Particularly Point Out InventionMPEP 2171Required
Claims Must Include All Invented FeaturesMPEP 2172.01Required
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the InventionMPEP 2173Required
Definiteness Requirement for ClaimsMPEP 2173Required
Claims Must Clearly Define BoundariesMPEP 2173Required
Claim Limitation Must Cover Corresponding StructureMPEP 2173.01Required
Claim Must Apprise Art of Its ScopeMPEP 2173.02Required
Claim Must Apprise One of Ordinary Skill in ArtMPEP 2173.02Required
Claim Must Apprise One of Ordinary Skill of Its ScopeMPEP 2173.05(e)Required
Claim Directed to Product-By-Process or Product and ProcessMPEP 2173.05(p)Required
Claim Terms Must Be Construed Broadly Consistent With SpecificationMPEP 2181Required
Requirement for Explaining Non-112(f) Treatment of Means/Step LimitationsMPEP 2181Required
Term Not Required to Denote Specific StructureMPEP 2181Required
Claim Limitation Must Be Amended to Invoke Means/StepMPEP 2181Required
Each Claim Must Be Independently Reviewed for 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181Required
Each Claim Must Be Independently Reviewed for 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181Required
Claim Limitation Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Not Required for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Required
Drawings May Provide Written Description of InventionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Computer FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Structure Must Include Algorithm for Computer-Implemented FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Requires Hardware Or Software ImplementationMPEP 2181Required
Claim Including Software Only Is IndefiniteMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2181Required
Claimed Function Must Be Clearly Linked to StructureMPEP 2181Required
Claim Must Cover Described StructureMPEP 2181Required
Requirement for Describing Corresponding Structure When Means-Plus-Function Is UsedMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention AdequatelyMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Requirement for Function Claim SupportMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Structure BroadlyMPEP 2181Required
Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Have Adequate SupportMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention Sufficiently for Claim SupportMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Include Original Claims, Abstract, and DrawingsMPEP 2181Required
No Further Equivalents Analysis Until Applicant DisagreesMPEP 2183Required
Means-Plus-Function Claims Must Be Equivalent to Specified MeansMPEP 2186Required
Requirement for Proper Claim Interpretation Before Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2187Required
Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required
Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required
Specification and Drawing Required for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(e)Required
Written Description and Claim Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(e)Required
Dependent Claims Must Specify Further LimitationsMPEP 608.01(m)Required
Requirement for Further Limitation of Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(m)Required
Limitations of Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be Considered SeparatelyMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Dependent Claims Must Include All Previous LimitationsMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Requirement for Full Written Description of InventionMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If Not In ApplicationMPEP 715.10Required
Oath/Declaration Must Identify Claims Added to Provoke InterferenceMPEP 1449.02Required
Filing Requirements for Design PatentMPEP 1501Required
Title Amendment Must Not Introduce New MatterMPEP 1503.01Required
Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 1504.01Required
Scope of Claims Must Be Enabled by DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Required
Design Must Be Clearly Depicted In Full LinesMPEP 1504.04Required
Visible Surfaces Must Be DisclosedMPEP 1504.04Required
Examiner Must Clarify Invisible Design ElementsMPEP 1504.04Required
Written Description Must Enable Skilled Person to Make and Use InventionMPEP 1504.04Required
Affidavits Must Be Analyzed for Written Description RejectionsMPEP 1504.04Required
Disclosure of Embodiments Must Be Clear and CompleteMPEP 1504.05Required
Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required
Invention Disclosure Must Reference Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required
Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 1605Required
Requirement for Provisional Application FilingMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Inventor Named in Later Filed Application Must Be DisclosedMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 201Required
Filing Date for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Request for Conversion Must Include Fee and ClaimMPEP 201.04Required
Specification and Claims Required for FilingMPEP 201.06(c)Required
Reference to Another Application Not an Incorporation for Disclosure PurposesMPEP 201.06(c)Required
Specification Must Cancel New MatterMPEP 201.06(d)Required
Prior Application Must Disclose Named Inventor’s InventionMPEP 2109Required
Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 211Required
Invention Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 211.01Required
Invention Disclosure Must Support Later ApplicationMPEP 211.05Required
Support and Enablement for Later-Filed Application RequiredMPEP 211.05Required
Provisional Specification Must Enable InventionMPEP 211.05Required
Copending Nonprovisional Applications Must Disclose Invention CompletelyMPEP 211.05Required
Claim Support from CIP Requires Earlier Effective DateMPEP 2133.01Required
Patent Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional ApplicationMPEP 2136.02Required
Provisional Application Must Describe Subject Matter for RejectionMPEP 2136.03Required
Subject Matter Must Be Disclosed in Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2136.03Required
Requirement for Prior Art Document to Describe InventionMPEP 2152.02(b)Required
Prior Filed Application Must Describe Subject Matter for RejectionMPEP 2154.01(b)Required
Affidavit Not Needing Enabling DisclosureMPEP 2155.04Required
Amendments Containing New Matter Must Be Handled CarefullyMPEP 2159.02Required
Examination of Foreign Application for Sufficiency and Claims BasisMPEP 216Required
UK Provisional Specification Does Not Require Complete DisclosureMPEP 216Required
Computer-Implemented Functional Claims Must Be Described SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required
Requirement for Full and Clear Description of InventionMPEP 2162Required
Affidavits for Written Description Must Be AnalyzedMPEP 2163Required
Claims Entitled to Foreign Priority DateMPEP 2163.03Required
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2163.03Required
Affidavits for Written Description Must Be AnalyzedMPEP 2163.04Required
Wands Factors for Assessing EnablementMPEP 2164.01(a)Required
Disclosure Must Comply With Pre-AIA 112 First ParagraphMPEP 2165Required
Disclosure Must Comply with Pre-AIA 112, Except Best ModeMPEP 2165Required
Notification of New Matter Added to Disclosure and ClaimsMPEP 217Required
Claim Limitations Must Include EquivalentsMPEP 2184Required
Claim Interpretation and Indefiniteness Rejection RequirementsMPEP 2187Required
Patentability Questions Must Be Based on Patents or PublicationsMPEP 2217Required
Written Description Must Support All ClaimsMPEP 2258Required
New Matter Must Be Removed From ClaimsMPEP 2270Required
Deposit Not Required for Non-Replicating MaterialsMPEP 2403Required
Deposit of Plant Material Required for Invention DescriptionMPEP 2403.02Required
Deposit Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2404Required
Deposit Reference Permitted in SpecificationMPEP 2404Required
Requirement for Deposit Availability Certification Upon RequestMPEP 2404.01Required
Deposit Requirement Before Issue Fee PaymentMPEP 2406Required
Replacement Deposit Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2407.01Required
Alternative Deposit Must Meet 112 RequirementsMPEP 2407.01Required
Failure to Replace Deposit Treats Application as No Deposit MadeMPEP 2407.03Required
Deposit Must Comply with RegulationsMPEP 2411.01Required
Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.02Required
Sequence Listing Not Required for ComplianceMPEP 2413.05Required
Sequence Listing Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2422.08Required
Specification Must Describe Views of ReproductionsMPEP 2909Required
Specification Must Be Received for Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 506Required
Specification Must Conform to Legal StandardsMPEP 506Required
Specification Must Be Clear and CoherentMPEP 506Required
Specification Must Refer to Drawings When NeededMPEP 601Required
Specification Including Claims and Drawings Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification and Claims Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Requirement for Complete Specification and ClaimsMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification and Drawings Must Be Filed for Design PatentMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Specification Must Contain Written DescriptionMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Missing Specification Must Be AddressedMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Full and Clear Disclosure Required for PatentMPEP 608Required
Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 608.01Required
Specification Must Clearly Describe InventionMPEP 608.01Required
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed In DescriptionMPEP 608.01(h)Required
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 608.01(k)Required
Dependent Claim Must Refer to Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Requirement for Dependent Claims to Reference Previous ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Written Description Requirement for Filing DateMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Specification Must Be Complete In ItselfMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Corrected Drawings Required If Not Permissible for ExaminationMPEP 608.02(a)Required
Specification Must Exclude New MatterMPEP 608.04Required
Specification and Claims Required for Design Patent FilingMPEP 702Required
Specification Must Include Claim and Drawing When NecessaryMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Supplemental Evidence Must Be Known to ArtisansMPEP 716.09Required
Requirement for Proper Earlier-Filed Application ReferenceMPEP 804Required
Examiner Must Show Serious Examination Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 808.02Required
First Office Action on Merits Not Final If Process Claim Does Not Comply with 112MPEP 821.04Required
Amendment Not Required for New IssuesMPEP 821.04(b)Required
Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 1504.04Required
Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01Required
Claims Must Be Less Than or Equal to EnablementMPEP 2161.01Required
Description Requirement Determined on a Case-by-Case BasisMPEP 2163Required
Claim Support Must Be Demonstrated In Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required
Drawings May Provide Sufficient Written DescriptionMPEP 2163Required
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181Required
Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Microprocessor to Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Explicitly Disclose Algorithm for Claimed FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Concise Claim Subject Matter Explanation RequiredMPEP 1205.02Required
Plan-View Illustration for Two-Dimensional DesignsMPEP 1504.04Required
Examiners Must Identify and Address Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required
Inconsistencies Between Drawing Views Must Be CorrectedMPEP 1504.04Required
Amended Claims Must Have Written Description SupportMPEP 1504.04Required
Definiteness of Claim Language Must Be Analyzed Considering Prior Art and Application DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Required
Provide Evidence of Established UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Burden to Establish Nexus Between Evidence and Disclosed PropertiesMPEP 2107Required
Utility Deficiency Implies Enablement FailureMPEP 2107.01Required
Specification Must Not Be Used To Reject UtilityMPEP 2107.02Required
New Evidence Must Be Relevant to Rejection IssuesMPEP 2107.02Required
Claims Not Limited to Single DescriptionMPEP 2111.01Required
Earlier Application Must Meet Enablement and Description RequirementsMPEP 2138.05Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2138.05Required
All Evidence Must Be Considered Before Determining ObviousnessMPEP 2145Required
Specification Must Describe Invention SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Demonstrate Invented Species for Functionally-Defined GenusMPEP 2161.01Required
Specification Must Explain Inventor’s Intended Method to Achieve FunctionalityMPEP 2161.01Required
Patentee Must Disclose Sufficient Information for Enablement and Written DescriptionMPEP 2162Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Required
Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Required
Written Description Must Verify Biological MaterialMPEP 2163Required
Patent Description Must Aid Infringement ResolutionMPEP 2163Required
Written Description Requirement for Genus DiversityMPEP 2163Required
Each Claim Must Include All Described Essential ElementsMPEP 2163Required
Claim Limitation Requires Corresponding Structure Described in SpecificationMPEP 2163.03Required
Claims Must Be Enabled by DescriptionMPEP 2164Required
Examiner Must Establish Reasonable Basis for Questioning EnablementMPEP 2164.04Required
Specification Must Teach Method PracticeMPEP 2164.06(c)Required
Use Wands Factors to Assess EnablementMPEP 2164.08Required
Claimed Range Must Be Reasonably EnabledMPEP 2164.08Required
Dependent Claims Must Further Limit Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08Required
Claims Must Be Supported By EnablementMPEP 2164.08Required
Claims Must Be Supported By Enablement For Full ScopeMPEP 2164.08Required
Claims Must Be Enabled For Full ScopeMPEP 2164.08Required
Entire Disclosure Must Be Considered for Critical Features Not ClaimedMPEP 2164.08(c)Required
Claims Must Define Subject Matter ClearlyMPEP 2171Required
Determining Criticality of Unclaimed Features in SpecificationMPEP 2172.01Required
Requirement for Clear Claim BoundariesMPEP 2173Required
Claims Must Define Patentable Subject Matter With ParticularityMPEP 2173.02Required
Consideration of Claim Limitations TogetherMPEP 2173.02Required
Interview Content Must Be Recorded In ApplicationMPEP 2173.02Required
Precision Requirement for New TerminologyMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
Clarity and Precision of Language RequiredMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
Written Description Must Clarify Claim TermsMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
Consider Claim Limitations Together for IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(e)Required
Negative Limitations Must Have Original Disclosure BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Required
Disclosure Must Reasonably Convey Possession of InventionMPEP 2173.05(i)Required
Rejection Based on Speculation ProhibitedMPEP 2173.06Required
Claim Element Defined by Function Not StructureMPEP 2181Required
Claim Limitation Must Recite FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Claims Must Accurately Define InventionMPEP 2181Required
Structure Disclosure for Means-Plus-Function Limitations May Be ImplicitMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Required for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Explain Computer FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Disclose Structure for All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181Required
Algorithm Must Correspond to Coordinating FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Written Description Must Disclose Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Replies to Requirement for Information Must Be Complete and TimelyMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Invention Adequately When 112(f) InvokedMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Structure for Performing FunctionMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required
Specification Must Not Include Entire Referenced DocumentMPEP 2181Required
Claims Must Find Clear Support in DescriptionMPEP 2181Required
Judgment Required for Limitation Interpretation Without DefinitionMPEP 2182Required
Identical Claims Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required
Identical Amendments Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required
Patent Owner Must Submit Identical Amendments After MergerMPEP 2283Required
Multiple Dependent Claim RequirementMPEP 608.01(n)Required
Examiner May Introduce New Ground of RejectionMPEP 706.07(a)Required
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 1504.04Required
Design Specification Requires Description of Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04Required
Reissue Claims Must Match Original Patent’s InventionMPEP 1412.01Required
Disclosure Must Support Utility PatentMPEP 1457Required
Adequacy of Disclosure Determined by Asserted ScopeMPEP 1504.04Required
Multiple Embodiments Require Single ClaimMPEP 1504.05Required
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required
Determine If Foreign Application Qualifies As Pre-AIA Prior ArtMPEP 1504.20Required
Foreign Application Must Mature Before CIP FilingMPEP 1504.20Required
Requirement for National Stage Provisional Benefit ClaimMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Reference to Provisional Application RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Reference Must Be In ADS Or First Sentence Of SpecificationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Requirement for Benefit Claim in Application Data SheetMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Reference to Provisional Application RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Translation Required for Non-English Provisional ApplicationsMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Requirement for National Stage Application to Obtain BenefitMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Reference to Prior Nonprovisional or International Application Required for National StageMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Reference Must Be In ADS Or First Sentence Of SpecificationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Requirement for Benefit Claim in Application Data SheetMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Requirement for Timely Submission of Reference to Earlier Filed ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Timely Submission of Benefit Claim RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
Required Parts of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Drawings Must Be Filed With Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Required Components of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required
Request and Fee for Conversion Must Be Filed Before Abandonment or 12 MonthsMPEP 201.04Required
Request for Conversion Must Be Filed Before Provisional ExpiresMPEP 201.04Required
Fees Required for Nonprovisional Application ConversionMPEP 201.04Required
Oath or Declaration Required for Conversion of Provisional Application Filed Before December 18, 2013MPEP 201.04Required
Amendments Must Reflect Prior ApplicationMPEP 201.06(d)Required
New Specification as Substitute RequirementMPEP 201.06(d)Required
Application Data Sheet for Specific Reference After September 16, 2012MPEP 201.08Required
Specific Reference Must Be Submitted for Pre-2012 ApplicationsMPEP 201.08Required
Claims with AIA Effective Dates Not Required to Be IdentifiedMPEP 210Required
Claim Must Have AIA Effective DateMPEP 210Required
Claims Must Be Interpreted With Disclosure ContextMPEP 2103Required
Claims Must Reasonably Apprise Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art of InventionMPEP 2103Required
Requirement for Determining Applicant’s Claimed InventionMPEP 2107Required
Claims Requirement for Statutory Subject MatterMPEP 2107Required
Claimed Invention Must Have Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required
Credible Utility Assertion RequiredMPEP 2107Required
One Credible Utility Assertion Per Invention RequiredMPEP 2107Required
Assertion of Specific Utility Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2107Required
No Specific and Substantial Utility Must Be EstablishedMPEP 2107Required
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed at FilingMPEP 2107.02Required
Application Must Describe Invention’s UtilityMPEP 2107.02Required
Invention Must Be Named In Both ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required
Inventors Must Match Between ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required
Examiner Must Verify Common Inventors and Compliance with 120/78 RequirementsMPEP 2109Required
Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 211Required
Written Description Must Support Nonprovisional ClaimsMPEP 211.05Required
Divisional Application Must Include Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Required
Claims Must Include AlternativesMPEP 2117Required
Each Element Must Be Disclosed Explicitly or Inherently as in ClaimMPEP 2152.02(b)Required
Invention Must Be Enabled Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2152.02(b)Required
Claimed Invention Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b)Required
Prior Art Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b)Required
Claimed Invention Must Be Described Completely for AnticipationMPEP 2154.01(b)Required
Complete Patentability Determination Under All Title 35 ProvisionsMPEP 2163Required
Specification Must Describe Parts and Interconnections ClearlyMPEP 2164.06(a)Required
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.06(a)Required
Selection and Assembly of Components Must Be Routinely Achievable by Skilled ArtisansMPEP 2164.06(a)Required
Examiner Must Ensure Consistent Specification Interpretation for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2184Required
Judgment Required for Equivalents ScopeMPEP 2184Required
Prior Art Must Directly Apply to ClaimsMPEP 2217Required
No Interfering Claim for Described ImprovementMPEP 2304.04(b)Required
Patent Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2402Required
Deposit Not Required for Plant PatentsMPEP 2403.02Required
Deposit Must Be Made According to RegulationsMPEP 2404Required
Deposit Required for Necessary AccessMPEP 2404Required
Written Assurance Must Detail Deposit ResolutionMPEP 2406Required
Deposit Before Filing Date Required In Many CountriesMPEP 2406Required
Biological Material Must Be Specifically Identified In ApplicationMPEP 2406.01Required
Corroboration Required for Post-Filing Deposits of Biological MaterialsMPEP 2406.02Required
Conditions for Alternative Deposit Must Be MetMPEP 2407.01Required
No Replacement Needed for Commercially Available MaterialMPEP 2407.03Required
Examiner Must Determine If Deposit Is Needed and Acceptable for Patent PurposesMPEP 2411Required
Deposit Under Budapest Treaty Must Comply With RegulationsMPEP 2411.01Required
Nonresponsive Replies May Result in AbandonmentMPEP 2411.02Required
Deposit Must Be Made or AssuredMPEP 2411.02Required
Requirement for Written Assurance of DepositMPEP 2411.02Required
Inventor Not Named in Prior Application Must File CIPMPEP 506Required
Provisional Application Does Not Require Claims Or Oath/DeclarationMPEP 601Required
Specification and Drawings by Reference RequirementMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Claims Must Be Included In Previously Filed Application For Design Patent ReferenceMPEP 601.01(a)Required
Amendment Must Accompany PetitionMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Amendment for Incomplete Specification Must Comply with RequirementsMPEP 601.01(d)Required
Claim Not Required for Plant Patents Filed After Dec 18, 2013MPEP 601.01(e)Required
Claims Must Find Basis in Original DisclosureMPEP 608Required
Specification Must Begin on New PageMPEP 608.01Required
Claims, Abstract and Sequence Listing Must Be SeparatedMPEP 608.01Required
Claims, Abstract, Sequence Listing Must Begin New PageMPEP 608.01Required
Patent Specification Not Intended as Production SpecificationMPEP 608.01(h)Required
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If Quality Poorly Conceals InventionMPEP 608.01(h)Required
Claims Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 608.01(l)Required
Invention Must Have Specific Example DescribedMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Specification Must Enable Skilled Person Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Referencing Application Must Identify Referenced Patent, Application, or PublicationMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Examiner Must Clearly Identify New MatterMPEP 608.04Required
Requirement for Providing Test Results or ArgumentsMPEP 707.07(l)Required
Requirement for Executed Application Data SheetMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Application Data Sheet Required for FilingMPEP 708.02(b)Required
Other Patent Requirements Must Be Met After EligibilityMPEP 2103Required
Substance Determined as for Domestic DesignsMPEP 2920.05Required
Requirement for Correcting Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Applicants Must Timely Correct Incorporation by Reference ErrorsMPEP 608.01(p)Required
Correction of Improper Incorporation by Reference Must Be TimelyMPEP 608.01(p)Required

Claim Must Define Invention as Regarded by InventorMPEP 1503.01Recommended
Examiner Must Require Clear Claim LanguageMPEP 1503.01Recommended
Claim Must Describe Specific Article Embodied DesignMPEP 1503.01
Claim Rejection for Inconsistent ViewsMPEP 1503.02Recommended
Two-Dimensional View Sufficient for Shoe Bottom DesignMPEP 1504.04
Enablement With Single Plan-ViewMPEP 1504.04
Claim Rejection for Inconsistent ViewsMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Amendments Must Comply with Written Description RequirementMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Amendment to Title Requires Original SupportMPEP 1504.04
Definite Claim Language Required Under 112(b)MPEP 1504.04
Precision Does Not Automatically Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Design Title Including 'Or Similar Article' Not Rejected Under 112(b)MPEP 1504.04Recommended
Plant Patent Written Description Requirement RelaxedMPEP 1601
Scope of 112(f) Claimed Function Defined by StructureMPEP 2103
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Utility Deficiency Creates 112(a) DeficiencyMPEP 2107.01Prohibited
35 U.S.C. 101 Utility Must Be Described in SpecificationMPEP 2107.01
Specification Must Describe Practical Utility for InventionMPEP 2107.01
Utility Rejection Requires Written DescriptionMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Utility Rejection Requires EnablementMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Claim Must Have Practical UtilityMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Utility Requirement for 112(a) RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Claims Must Be Fully Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.01
Disclosure of Specific Utility Does Not Ensure Compliance with 112(a)MPEP 2107.01
Claim May Be Defective Under 112 If Undue Experimentation RequiredMPEP 2107.01Permitted
Utility Requirement Must Be Separately AddressedMPEP 2107.01Recommended
Applicant Statements Not Basis for Utility RejectionMPEP 2107.02Prohibited
Invention Must Have Specific UtilityMPEP 2107.02
Invention Must Have Well-Established Utility to Avoid RejectionsMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Applicant Must Rebut Patentability After Examiner's Prima Facie CaseMPEP 2107.02
Claims Must Be Interpreted Broadly for Compliance with Section 112(b)MPEP 2111
Markush Grouping Must Be DefiniteMPEP 2117Prohibited
Claim Must Define Markush Grouping ClearlyMPEP 2117Prohibited
Indefinite Claim Due to Unclear BoundariesMPEP 2117Prohibited
Testing to Determine Utility PermissibleMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)
How to Make Invention Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2138.05
Indefinite Claim Rejection and Prior Art ConsiderationMPEP 2143.03Recommended
Office Personnel Must Consider Applicant’s Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145Recommended
Claims to New Matter Rejected Under Pre-AIA 112MPEP 2159.01
Written Description Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2161
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161
Statutory Requirements for Computer-Implemented InventionsMPEP 2161.01
Claims with Computer-Implemented Functions May Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2161.01Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01
Requirement for Describing Invention with Specific Biological Material DepositMPEP 2163Permitted
Invention Must Be Described Clearly, Not Merely Rendered ObviousMPEP 2163Prohibited
Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Permitted
Requirement for Adequate Written Description SupportMPEP 2163Recommended
Means-Plus-Function Claim Adequately DescribedMPEP 2163
Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Have Adequate DescriptionMPEP 2163Prohibited
Description Varies With Invention Nature and KnowledgeMPEP 2163
Claim Must Be Described In Application As FiledMPEP 2163.01
Means-Plus-Function Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163.05
Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by As-Filed DisclosureMPEP 2163.05
Replacing Incorporated Text Is Not New MatterMPEP 2163.07(b)
Enablement Is Separate From Written DescriptionMPEP 2164
Enablement for Dosage DeterminationMPEP 2164.01(c)
Utility Requirement for Drug Cases Under Section 112(a)MPEP 2164.06(a)
Enablement Requirement for Pure Data Processing ApplicationsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Adequate Computer System Disclosure RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c)Prohibited
Disclosure of Utility Does Not Guarantee Compliance with 112(a)MPEP 2164.07
Claims Must Be Supported by UtilityMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Invention Must Be UsefulMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Utility Requirement for 35 U.S.C. 112(a) RejectionMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionMPEP 2164.07Recommended
Dependent Claim Must Further Limit Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08Recommended
Breadth of Claims Must Be Supported By EnablementMPEP 2164.08
Claim Must Include Critical Features Taught In SpecificationMPEP 2164.08(c)Recommended
Claim Must Interrelate Invention Elements as Defined in SpecificationMPEP 2172.01Permitted
Claim Elements Do Not Need Concurrent FunctionalityMPEP 2172.01
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2172.01
Applicants Define Claim TermsMPEP 2173.01
Claim Limitations Must Be Construed AccordinglyMPEP 2173.01Recommended
Claim Limitations Must Be Construed to Cover Corresponding StructureMPEP 2173.01
Claim Terms Must Be Understandable to Skilled ArtisansMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Be Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.02
Genus Claim Must Clearly Define Species CoveredMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Be Clear to Avoid InfringementMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Be Definite to Avoid Infringement AmbiguityMPEP 2173.02Prohibited
Examiner Must Clearly Explain Indefiniteness RejectionsMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Clear and Precise for Proper ExaminationMPEP 2173.02Prohibited
Examiner Must Provide Clear Indefiniteness RationaleMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claim Language Must Be Clear and PreciseMPEP 2173.02
Interview to Resolve 112 IssuesMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Claim Term Clarity and Specification Consistency Must Be Resolved During InterviewMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Requirement for Complying with 35 U.S.C. 112(b) When 112(f) AppliesMPEP 2173.05
Claim Terms Must Be Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.05(a)
Claim Scope Must Be Clear Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(b)
Narrower Range in Dependent Claims AllowedMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted
Indefinite Claim Language Not Per Se RulesMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended
Body Elements Not Preamble Render IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(e)
Preamble Must Include Critical ElementsMPEP 2173.05(e)
Claim Can Refer to Another Claim LimitationMPEP 2173.05(f)Recommended
Reference to Another Claim is Acceptable Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(f)
Dependent Claim Must Comply with Section 112(d)MPEP 2173.05(f)Recommended
Functional Limitation Allowed by LawMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.05(g)Prohibited
Claims Must Not Be Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claims Must Clearly Define Invention ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g)
Support Requirement for Functional LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(g)Recommended
Alternative Limitations Acceptable for ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(h)Recommended
Alternative Limitations Not Governed by FormatMPEP 2173.05(h)
Claim Requires Closed List of AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(h)Recommended
Breadth of Markush Claim Not Necessarily IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted
Claim with Markush Groups May Be Indefinite if Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(h)Prohibited
Claim for Indefiniteness When Markush Group Is Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(h)
Negative Limitations Must Have Basis In DisclosureMPEP 2173.05(i)Recommended
Claim Must Not Include Both Apparatus and Method StepsMPEP 2173.05(p)
Claim Must Focus on System Capabilities Not User ActionsMPEP 2173.05(p)Permitted
Claim Must Set Forth Process StepsMPEP 2173.05(q)
Omnibus Claim Is Not AllowedMPEP 2173.05(r)Recommended
Omnibus Claims Do Not Comply With Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(r)
Claim for Chemical Compound Not Indefinite Without Full StructureMPEP 2173.05(t)
Trademark Use in Claims Not ImproperMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended
Trade Name as Limitation Not AllowedMPEP 2173.05(u)
Claim Term Indefiniteness Rejection and Prior ArtMPEP 2173.06Recommended
Claim Must Be Interpreted for Indefiniteness and Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2173.06
Determining Whether Claim Invokes 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended
Application of 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Driven by Claim LanguageMPEP 2181
BRI Construes Means-Plus-Function BroadlyMPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Limitations Must Be Construed BroadlyMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Presumed to Invoke Means/Step ProvisionMPEP 2181
Structure Required for Means ClauseMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Without Means/Step Presumes No 112(f)MPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Structure RequirementMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Definite StructuresMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Definite StructuresMPEP 2181
Terms Must Connote Structure to Avoid 112(f)MPEP 2181
Claim Limitations Must Be Explicitly Stated as Means-plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited
Claim Limitation Can Trigger 112(f) Without Explicit MeansMPEP 2181
Claim Elements Without Explicit Step-Plus-Function Language May Still Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Permitted
Requirement for Means-Plus-Function Limitations When Using 'Step For'MPEP 2181
When Step Alone Does Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Does Not Invoke Means If No Specific FunctionMPEP 2181
Function Without Acts Not Invoking Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181
Function Must Be Linked to Specific StructureMPEP 2181Permitted
Function Without Structural Limitations Does Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181
Means Term Without Function Rebutts 112(f) InvocationMPEP 2181
Function Must Be Recited for Means ClauseMPEP 2181Prohibited
Claim Limitation Using Means Must Recite a FunctionMPEP 2181
Claim Element Must Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Must Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181
Spring Means Invokes Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181
Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181
Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted
Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181
Non-Structural Modifier Invokes 112(f)MPEP 2181Permitted
Means-Plus-Function for Colorant Selection MechanismMPEP 2181
Generic Placeholder Without Structural Modifier Requires Means-Plus-Function AnalysisMPEP 2181
Requirement for Element-by-Element 112(f) AnalysisMPEP 2181
Not All Terms in Means-Plus-Function Are Limited to DescriptionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe High Voltage Generating MeansMPEP 2181
Claim Requires Explicit Structure DescriptionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Adequate Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Written in Means-Plus-Function Language Meets Definiteness Requirement If Specification Satisfies Description RequirementMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Does Not Waive Description and DefinitenessMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Does Not Waive Description RequirementsMPEP 2181Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented MeansMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Coordinating Function AlgorithmMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Lack of Structure Also Means No Written DescriptionMPEP 2181
Enablement Requirement for Claims with 112(f) LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended
Structure Must Be Clearly Linked to FunctionMPEP 2181
Structure Must Be Clearly Linked to FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited
Examiner Must Determine Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended
Written Description Must Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181
Requirement for Identifying Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited
Requirement for Identifying Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Recommended
Claim Lack of Structure Also Means No Written DescriptionMPEP 2181
Enablement Requirement for Claims with 112(f) LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended
Enablement Requirement Separate from Written DescriptionMPEP 2181
System Placeholder Invokes Section 112(f)MPEP 2181
Each Function Is a Separate Section 112(f) LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended
Structure Must Clearly Link to Function for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2182
Equivalents Not to Influence Means-Plus-Function DeterminationMPEP 2186Recommended
Use Form Paragraphs for Claim Limitations Invoking 112(f)MPEP 2187Recommended
Requirement for Using Specific Paragraphs in 35 U.S.C. 112 RejectionsMPEP 2187
Claim Limitations Interpreted Under 112(f) Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2187Recommended
Written Description Requirement When Function-Based Claim Is RejectedMPEP 2187Recommended
Claims Must Be Examined for Compliance with 112 During ReexaminationMPEP 2258
112 Compliance Limited to Amendatory ClaimsMPEP 2258Recommended
New Claim Limitations Must Be Examined SeparatelyMPEP 2258Recommended
Limitations of New Claims in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited
Limitation from Original Claim Cannot Be Examined in New Claim During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited
Rewritten Independent Claims Not Examined for 112 ComplianceMPEP 2258Prohibited
Written Description Priority Allowed During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited
Written Description Requirement for ClaimsMPEP 2258Recommended
Claims Must Describe New MatterMPEP 2258Recommended
Requirement for Describing 'Means for' Language EquivalentsMPEP 2753Permitted
Claim Rejection for Unclear Design AppearanceMPEP 2920.04(b)Recommended
Tables May Be Included in ClaimsMPEP 608.01Permitted
Dependent Claims Must Reference Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended
Requirement for Compliant Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended
Dependent Claims Must Reference Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)
Dependent Claim Must Comply With 112(d)MPEP 608.01(n)
Non-Compliance with Pre-AIA 112, 4th Paragraph Renders Claim UnpatentableMPEP 608.01(n)
Requirement for Compliant Dependent Claims under 112(d)MPEP 608.01(n)Recommended
Requirement for Functional Claim SupportMPEP 608.01(p)
Requirement for Incorporating Earlier Applications by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Trade Name Must Clearly Identify Product or ServiceMPEP 608.01(v)
Amendments Adding New Matter Not AllowedMPEP 608.04(a)
Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended
Rejections Based on 35 U.S.C. 112 Explained in MPEP SectionsMPEP 706.03
Dependent Claim Amended When Independent Claim ChangesMPEP 706.07(a)
Definiteness Requirement for Markush ClaimsMPEP 803.02
Rescission of Secrecy Order by Expunging Sensitive Subject MatterMPEP 120Permitted
Terms Not Appearing in Specification Require Antecedent BasisMPEP 1302.01Recommended
Requirement for Same Invention as DisclosedMPEP 1412.01
Claim Must Rely on April 1, 2013 DisclosureMPEP 1440Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Lined Color DrawingsMPEP 1503.02Prohibited
Determine Scope of Protection Before Compliance AnalysisMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Claim Must Describe Design ClearlyMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Claim Must Describe Design FullyMPEP 1504.04
Claim Scope Cannot Be Based Solely on DrawingsMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Design Title Identifies Embodied ArticleMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Design Must Only Disclose Visible SurfacesMPEP 1504.04
Drawings Must Describe InventionMPEP 1504.04
Requirement for Design Claims Comprising Subset of Original ElementsMPEP 1504.04Permitted
No Further Analysis for Subset ElementsMPEP 1504.04
Review Basis for Written Description Rejection Before RerejectingMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Examiner Must Address Applicant's Evidence When Repeating Written Description RejectionMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Specification Must Describe Asexually Reproduced Plant CompletelyMPEP 1601Permitted
Design Application from Utility Drawings Must Comply with 112(a)MPEP 201.06Permitted
Requirement for Identifying Claim SupportMPEP 210Recommended
Enablement Requirement for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2103
Specification Must Describe Invention Improvement ClearlyMPEP 2106.05(a)
One Credible Utility Assertion Sufficient for Product InventionsMPEP 2107.02
Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Enablement Requirement Using Wands FactorsMPEP 2107.02Recommended
35 U.S.C. 120 Benefit Without ExaminationMPEP 2109Permitted
Claims of CIP Must Be Disclosed in Prior ApplicationMPEP 211.05
Claim Entitled to Earlier Filing DateMPEP 211.05
Subsequently Filed Application Claims Must Comply With Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Prohibited
Claim Support in Continuation-In-Part ApplicationsMPEP 211.05
Claims Must Recite Alternatives ConsistentlyMPEP 2117
Examiner Must Not Suggest Improper GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended
Claims Must Be Fully Supported by Parent ApplicationMPEP 2133.01
Claim Support from Provisional Description Required for Benefit ClaimMPEP 2136Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2136.03Permitted
Disclosure of Gating Means to Comply with Written Description RequirementMPEP 2136.05(b)
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03
Silent Specification Implies Ordinary SkillMPEP 2141.03Permitted
One-Year Grace Period After Inventor DisclosureMPEP 2151Prohibited
Prior Art Does Not Need How To Use InformationMPEP 2152.02(b)
Written Description Requirement for Claim Support vs AnticipationMPEP 2152.02(b)
Specification Must Describe Entire Invention for EnablementMPEP 2152.02(b)
Provisional Description Supports Patent Claims Not Required Under AIAMPEP 2154.01(b)
Publication Date Before Filing Date Is Not ExemptedMPEP 2154.02(c)Permitted
Claim to AIA Invention Must Have SupportMPEP 2159.02
Well-Established Terms Do Not Require Detailed DescriptionMPEP 2163Recommended
Review Basis for Lack of Written Description Before Repeating RejectionMPEP 2163
Requirement for Adequate Written Description After Applicant ResponseMPEP 2163
Claims Entitled to Earlier Filing Date Under 35 U.S.C. 120MPEP 2163.03
Review Basis for Written Description Rejection Before RepeatingMPEP 2163.04
Maintain Written Description Rejection If Not SatisfiedMPEP 2163.04
Enablement Requirement for Full Scope of ClaimsMPEP 2164.01(a)
Requirement for Clear Example ResultsMPEP 2164.02Recommended
Specification Must Describe Computer Programming DetailsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Public Depository Required for Biological ProductsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Requirement for Proper Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2164.06(a)
Claims Must Not Be Repetitious and ConfusingMPEP 2173.05(n)Permitted
Judicious Application of Multiplicity RejectionsMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2174Permitted
Claims Must Describe Entire InventionMPEP 2174
Specification Must Describe Structure Performing FunctionMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Limitations Require Narrower InterpretationMPEP 2181
Single Means Claims Do Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181Prohibited
Single Means Claim Must Be Enabled by SpecificationMPEP 2181Recommended
Response to Applicant's Dispute of 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2187Permitted
Information for Supplemental Examination Not Limited to Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2201Permitted
Issues Relating to 35 U.S.C. 112 Addressed Only for New ClaimsMPEP 2258
Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112 Not Limited to Reexam ChangesMPEP 2258Permitted
Issues Under 112 Include Original Patent Content in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted
Intervening Patents and Printed Publications as Prior Art in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited
Requirement for Complete Written DescriptionMPEP 2303
Deposit Required for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2402Prohibited
Description of Marine Tunicates' Geographic Location Satisfies Enablement RequirementMPEP 2404.01
Description of Biological Material Must Be AdequateMPEP 2404.01Permitted
Deposit Not Required If Not Needed for 112 ComplianceMPEP 2404.01
Deposit Requirement for Patent ValidityMPEP 2407.02
Written Description Must Support ClaimsMPEP 2811
Matter Not Seeking Protection Can Be Described or ColoredMPEP 2920.04(b)
Requirements of 35 U.S.C. 112 Apply to Nonprovisional International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c)
MPEP §1504.04 Generally Applicable to Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c)
Hyperlinks Must Be Included If Part of InventionMPEP 608.01Recommended
Abstract Must Comply with GuidelinesMPEP 608.01(b)
Invention's Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h)
Dependent Claims Must Specify Further LimitationMPEP 608.01(m)
Complex Experimentation Not Undue If Typical For Skilled ArtisanMPEP 608.01(p)
Rejoined Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 706.07(a)Permitted
Amendments to Include Expected Limitations Not FinalMPEP 706.07(a)Prohibited
Claims Must Be Supported by Test ResultsMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended
Requirement to Indicate Overcome Rejection with Statutory GroundsMPEP 716
Requirement for Indicating Unovercome RejectionsMPEP 716
Specification Must Provide Enabling DisclosureMPEP 716.09
Disclosure Not Needing Enabling NatureMPEP 717.01(a)(1)
Disclosure Not Necessarily EnablingMPEP 717.01(b)(1)
Benefit Claim Determines Patent Term for Utility and Plant Applications Filed on or After June 8, 1995MPEP 804.02
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 804.03
Final Action on Rejoined ClaimsMPEP 821.04Permitted
Amendment Denying Rejoinder of New IssuesMPEP 821.04(b)
Invention Must Have Described Structure Correlated to FunctionMPEP 2163Permitted
Written Description Requirement for Genus-SpeciesMPEP 2163
Invention Must Be Described Completely Without Relying on Process for Product DescriptionMPEP 2163
Description Must Support Invention's FunctionMPEP 2163
Invention Must Be Described Clearly Without Relying Solely On FunctionMPEP 2163
Best Mode for Software Functions Not Requires Code ListingMPEP 2163
New or Amended Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Recommended
Inquiry Primarily Factual on Nature of Invention and Knowledge ImpartedMPEP 2163
Invention Disclosure Must Be Sufficiently DetailedMPEP 2163Permitted
Generic Formulae Must Clearly Define Chemical ClaimsMPEP 2163
Invention Must Be Described Through Generic FormulaMPEP 2163Permitted
Generic Formula Normally Sufficient for Genus DescriptionMPEP 2163
Invention Must Be Described In DetailMPEP 2163
Claimed Invention Must Be Described Regardless of TypeMPEP 2163
Factors for Showing Inventor Possession of InventionMPEP 2163
Factors for Determining Inventor Possession of InventionMPEP 2163
Factors for Determining Inventor’s Possession of InventionMPEP 2163
Art Maturity and Skill Level from PatentsMPEP 2163Recommended
Highly Skilled Art Does Not Require Written Description Question for Original ClaimsMPEP 2163Recommended
Algorithm for Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose DeviceMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Be Described SufficientlyMPEP 2181Permitted
Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose DeviceMPEP 2181
Patent Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function Claim TermsMPEP 2181Permitted
Sufficient Structure Must Be Disclosed for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181
Patentee Must Disclose Specific Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181Prohibited
Patentee Must Disclose Sufficient Algorithm StructureMPEP 2181
Algorithms Must Be Explicitly Disclosed For Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181
Inconsistencies Among Views Must Be ResolvedMPEP 1503.02Recommended
Plan-View Disclosure Sufficient for Certain DesignsMPEP 1504.04
Specification Must Describe Invention Completely for Three-Dimensional ArticlesMPEP 1504.04
Claim Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04
Amendment Must Support Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04
Amended Claims Must Have Written SupportMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Requirement for Clear Disclosure of InventionMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Amended Claims Must Have Written Description SupportMPEP 1504.04
Definiteness of Claim Language Must Be Analyzed in ContextMPEP 1504.04
Definiteness of Claim Language Dependent on Disclosure and Prior ArtMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Claim Language Definiteness Must Be Evaluated ContextuallyMPEP 1504.04
Claims Must Avoid Broad TerminologyMPEP 1504.04
Factors Removing Plants from Patent Protection Before 1930MPEP 1601
Plants Are Patentable InventionsMPEP 1601
Work of Plant Breeders Is PatentableMPEP 1601
Description Requirement for Plant PatentsMPEP 1601
Requirement for Thorough Prior Art Search Before Evaluating PatentabilityMPEP 2103
Search Results Aid Examiner Understanding of InventionMPEP 2103
Unclaimed Invention Aspects Must Be SearchedMPEP 2103Recommended
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106Permitted
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Claims Must Not Be Purely Mental StepsMPEP 2106
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Claim Interpretation Affects Significantly More AnalysisMPEP 2106Permitted
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106
Utility Deficiency Implies 112(a) FailureMPEP 2107.01Prohibited
Claims Must Be Fully Supported by DisclosureMPEP 2107.01
Nonessential Utility Statements Not Required to Be StrickenMPEP 2107.02Prohibited
Claims Must Not Include Unclaimed EmbodimentsMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Statements in Specification Must Not Invalidate UtilityMPEP 2107.02
Prohibiting Inappropriate Utility ChangesMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Requirement for Specific and Substantial Utility of InventionMPEP 2107.02
Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Disclosure Must Identify Specific Biological Activity and Its Therapeutic UseMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Determine Well-Established Utility If Not Explicitly StatedMPEP 2107.02
Determine Well-Established Utility If Specific Utility Not StatedMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Requirement for Well-Established Utility of InventionMPEP 2107.02
Utility Requirement for Well-Known ProteinsMPEP 2107.02
Applicant Must Rebut Prima Facie CaseMPEP 2107.02
Rebuttal of Prima Facie Case by ApplicantMPEP 2107.02
Requirement for Rebutting Prima Facie Case with Evidence or ArgumentsMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Opinions Must Be Supported by EvidenceMPEP 2107.02Permitted
Claims Must Not Import Description LimitationsMPEP 2111.01Permitted
Claims Must Not Incorporate Specific EmbodimentsMPEP 2111.01Prohibited
Claims Must Not Import Specification LimitationsMPEP 2111.01
Order of Steps Not Required for Method ClaimsMPEP 2111.01
Post-Effective Filing Date Evidence for State of the ArtMPEP 2124
Post-Effective-Filing-State of the Art Evidence Is ImproperMPEP 2124
Post-Effective-Filing-Date Evidence for InoperabilityMPEP 2124
References Showing Art Level at Relevant TimeMPEP 2124Permitted
Post-Effective-Filing-Date Evidence Not for EnablementMPEP 2124
Testing of Invention in Normal Context Is PermittedMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)Permitted
Permissible Testing to Determine UtilityMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)Permitted
Permitted Testing for Utility DeterminationMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)
Utility Not Established by Similar CompoundMPEP 2138.05
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2138.05
Claim Limitation Indefiniteness Must Not Be IgnoredMPEP 2143.03Prohibited
Both Rejections Required for Indefinite ClaimsMPEP 2143.03
Claim Language Must Not Be Speculatively Interpreted for Obviousness RejectionMPEP 2143.03Recommended
Indefinite Claims Not Rejected Over Prior ArtMPEP 2143.03Recommended
Claim Limitation Must Be Considered Before Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2143.03
Proper Claim Interpretation for Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2143.03Recommended
Office Personnel Must Consider All Rebuttal Arguments and EvidenceMPEP 2145Recommended
Office Must Consider All Applicant Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145
Rebuttal Evidence May Address Any Graham Factor Including Secondary ConsiderationsMPEP 2145Permitted
Consideration of Objective Indicia is Part of Obviousness AnalysisMPEP 2145
Office Personnel Must Consider All Applicant EvidenceMPEP 2145
Examiner Must Consider All Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145
Pre-AIA Rules Apply to Pre-March 16, 2013 ApplicationsMPEP 2159.01
Continued Examination Not New ApplicationMPEP 2159.01
Continued Examination Request Does Not Change Pre-AIA StatusMPEP 2159.01
PCT Applications Filed Before March 16, 2013 Subject to Pre-AIA StandardsMPEP 2159.01
Written Description Requirement Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2161
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161
Invention May Be Described Without Being EnablementMPEP 2161Permitted
Specification Must Not Necessarily Enable InventionMPEP 2161
Best Mode Is a Separate Requirement from EnablementMPEP 2161
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01
Written Description for Genus Requires Species DisclosureMPEP 2161.01
Written Description Must Support GenusMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm for FunctionMPEP 2161.01Recommended
Specification Must Describe Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Algorithm ClearlyMPEP 2161.01Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01
Written Description Must Be Provided for Computer-Implemented FunctionsMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01
Factors for Determining Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01
Enablement Requirement Determined by Wands FactorsMPEP 2161.01
Conclusion Reaches Weighing All FactorsMPEP 2161.01
Enablement Must Be Demonstrated Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01
Applicant Must Rebut Disclosure Insufficiency ChallengeMPEP 2161.01
Applicant Must Rebut Enablement ChallengeMPEP 2161.01
USPTO Personnel Must Question Enablement UncertaintyMPEP 2161.01Recommended
Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2161.01
Specification Must Contain Separate Written DescriptionMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Specification Must Clearly Convey Invented Subject MatterMPEP 2163
Requirement to Describe Invention ClearlyMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Requirement for Adequate Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163
Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Invention Must Be Described Fully to Show PossessionMPEP 2163Permitted
Nature of Invention Dependent on Description InquiryMPEP 2163
Requirement for Complete Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Deposit Is Not a Substitute for Written DescriptionMPEP 2163
Description Must Be Complete for Deposited Biological MaterialsMPEP 2163
Omission of Limitation Raises Possession IssueMPEP 2163Permitted
Omission of Essential Limitation Invalidates ClaimMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163
Claims Must Be Supported by Specific Invention LocationMPEP 2163
Claim Must Reflect Patent’s Essential DisclosureMPEP 2163
Claim Must Describe Critical FeatureMPEP 2163
Claims Must Be Supported by Described InventionMPEP 2163
Omission of Critical Features Invalidates Written DescriptionMPEP 2163
Examiner Must Establish Prima Facie Case of Inadequate Written DescriptionMPEP 2163
Examiner Must Clearly Explain Lack of SupportMPEP 2163
Examiner Must Identify Insufficient Combination DescriptionMPEP 2163Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2163
Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Be Adequately DescribedMPEP 2163
Requirement for Describing Genus with Representative SpeciesMPEP 2163
In Unpredictable Arts, Genus Must Be Described Through Multiple SpeciesMPEP 2163Prohibited
Requirement for Sufficient Species DisclosureMPEP 2163
Written Description Requirement for Genus SpeciesMPEP 2163
Description of Representative Species Not Required to Be SpecificMPEP 2163
Disclosure of Nucleic Acids for Amino Acid SequencesMPEP 2163
Amino Acid Sequence Sufficient for Nucleic AcidsMPEP 2163
Inherency Cannot Be Established by ProbabilitiesMPEP 2163Prohibited
Inherent Properties Must Be Explicitly DescribedMPEP 2163Permitted
Requirement for Explicit, Implicit, or Inherent Support of Claim LimitationsMPEP 2163
Requirement for Explicit, Implicit, or Inherent Support in DisclosureMPEP 2163
Specification Must Describe Invention’s Hidden CharacteristicsMPEP 2163
Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2163
Claim Must Conform to Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.01
Claim Support Must Not Be Based on New MatterMPEP 2163.01Recommended
Amendments Must Not Add New DisclosureMPEP 2163.01
Same Analysis, Different Examining Procedures for Description and New Matter IssuesMPEP 2163.01
Claim Limitation Must Be Supported by StructureMPEP 2163.03
Claim Must Describe Critical FeatureMPEP 2163.05
Claim Must Describe Suitable Aryl RadicalsMPEP 2163.05
Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05
Tapered Shape Not Essential for PatentabilityMPEP 2163.05
Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05
Claim Changes Must Be Supported by DisclosureMPEP 2163.05
Specification May Incorporate External DocumentsMPEP 2163.07(b)Permitted
Written Description Incorporation RequirementMPEP 2163.07(b)Recommended
Enablement Separate From Written DescriptionMPEP 2164
Written Description Requirement Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2164Permitted
New Limitation Enablement Not Sole DeterminantMPEP 2164Prohibited
Dosage and Method Not Required If Known to ArtMPEP 2164.01(c)
Safety Not Needed for InventionMPEP 2164.01(c)
Requirement for Detailed Block Element AnalysisMPEP 2164.06(c)
Examiner Must Analyze Block Elements for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended
Examiner Must Analyze Block Elements for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended
Requirement for Adequate Disclosure of Complex AssembliesMPEP 2164.06(c)Permitted
Complex Block Diagram Components Require Detailed ImplementationMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended
Enablement of Complex System Components Must Be DemonstratedMPEP 2164.06(c)
Block Diagram Disclosure Must Be Detailed and InterrelatedMPEP 2164.06(c)
Disclosure of Prior Art Computer System and Program Required for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c)
Detailed Program Steps Must Be Interrelated With Hardware ElementsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Detailed Disclosure Required for Computer ProgramsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Detailed Disclosure Required for Hardware-Software InterrelationshipsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Specification Must Fully Teach How to Practice Method ClaimsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Reasonable Challenge of Applicant Evidence Required for Nonenabling RejectionMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended
Adequate Computer System Disclosure RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c)
Specification Must Fully Teach How to Practice Method ClaimsMPEP 2164.06(c)
Amount of Utility Evidence Varies Depending on Claimed UtilityMPEP 2164.07
Evidence Must Likely Prove UtilityMPEP 2164.07
Enablement Evaluated Against Claimed Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08
Claim Scope Must Be Reasonably EnabledMPEP 2164.08
Enablement of Full Claim Scope RequiredMPEP 2164.08
Determine Claimed Subject Matter for Enablement AnalysisMPEP 2164.08
Warning Against Exceeding Silicon ContentMPEP 2164.08
Claims Must Be Considered as a WholeMPEP 2164.08Recommended
Claims Must Cover Full Scope of InventionMPEP 2164.08Recommended
Claims Exceeding Threshold Require Full EnablementMPEP 2164.08
Unclaimed Critical Feature Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2164.08(c)
Preferred Features Not CriticalMPEP 2164.08(c)
Claim Must Interrelate Invention ElementsMPEP 2172.01
Unclaimed Essential Subject Matter Must Be DescribedMPEP 2172.01
Non-Essential Features Are Illustrative OnlyMPEP 2172.01
Omitting Features Not CriticalMPEP 2172.01
Claims Must Include All Invented FeaturesMPEP 2172.01
Inventor Can Define Claim TermsMPEP 2173.01Permitted
Applicant May Use Functional Language for ClaimsMPEP 2173.01Permitted
Claims Must Not Be Rejected Based on Language TypeMPEP 2173.01Prohibited
Claim Terms Given Ordinary MeaningMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Be Dimensionally Described For InsertionMPEP 2173.02
Claim Terms Given Ordinary MeaningMPEP 2173.02
Claim Language Must Reflect Variable Automobile SizesMPEP 2173.02
Dimensions Must Be Easily ObtainableMPEP 2173.02
Claim Terms Given Art-Specific MeaningsMPEP 2173.02Prohibited
Claim Terms Must Be Clear and UnderstandableMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Clearly Define InventionMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claim Must Be Clear and DefiniteMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Claim Breadth vs IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.02
Breadth Does Not Make Claim Indefinite If Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.02
Claim Boundaries Must Be Clearly DelineatedMPEP 2173.02
Genus Claim Is Not Indefinite Due to BreadthMPEP 2173.02
Claim Must Apprise Art of ScopeMPEP 2173.02
Examiner Must Ensure Complete Patentability PictureMPEP 2173.02
Claims Must Be Precise, Clear, Correct, and UnambiguousMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Claims Must Be Precise and Clear During Administrative ProcessMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Claims Must Be Precise and ClearMPEP 2173.02
Inadequate Response Leads to Final Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.02Permitted
Examiner Must Provide Clear Basis for Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.02
Examiner May Suggest Claim Improvements But Not InsistMPEP 2173.02Recommended
Requirement for Recording Interview AgreementsMPEP 2173.02
Patentee Can Define Own TermsMPEP 2173.05(a)Permitted
Claim Term Scope Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(b)
Claim Scope Must Be Clear When Read With SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(b)
Narrower Claim Range PermittedMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended
Preamble Not Required to Include All Claim ElementsMPEP 2173.05(e)
Claim Term Must Describe Function Rather Than StructureMPEP 2173.05(g)
Invention Can Be Defined FunctionallyMPEP 2173.05(g)
Functional Language Does Not Render Claims ImproperMPEP 2173.05(g)
Functional Language May Limit Claims Without Means-Plus-Function FormatMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted
Functional Language Often Requires Structural DescriptionMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claim Term Defined by Function Must Include StructureMPEP 2173.05(g)
Patent Applicant Can Recite Apparatus Features Structurally or FunctionallyMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claim Must Clearly Define ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted
Claims Must Clearly Define ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted
Claims Must Not Be Indefinite Due to Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claims Must Not Use Functional Language Without Structural DetailsMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted
Claim Must Not Be Indefinite Due to Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g)
Claim Must Not Be Indefinite Through Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g)
Format of Claim Alternatives Does Not MatterMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted
Requirement for Markush Grouping in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(h)
Definition of Markush Claim AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(h)
Selection Must Be From Closed ListMPEP 2173.05(h)
Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h)
Improper Markush Language Is IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(h)
Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingsMPEP 2173.05(h)
Pending Claims Require Specific LanguageMPEP 2173.05(h)
Claim Can Include Combinations of Alternatives in Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted
Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h)
Markush Group May Be Too Broad to Determine Metes and BoundsMPEP 2173.05(h)Prohibited
Specification Describes Alternative Elements CompletelyMPEP 2173.05(i)Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2173.05(i)
Specification Must Describe Alternative Features Without Articulating Advantages or DisadvantagesMPEP 2173.05(i)
Negative Limitations Must Have Basis In SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(i)
Negative Limitations Must Have Specification BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Prohibited
Negative Limitations Must Have Disclosure BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Permitted
Claims Must Have Basis in SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(i)
Claim Must Not Mix System and User ActionsMPEP 2173.05(p)
Claim Directed to System and User Actions IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(p)
Claim Must Focus on System CapabilitiesMPEP 2173.05(p)
Process Without Steps Is IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q)
Omnibus Claim Is Not Compliant With Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(r)
Claim for Chemical Compound Not Indefinite Without Full StructureMPEP 2173.05(t)
Claim for Chemical Compound Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(t)
Compound May Be Named DescriptivelyMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted
Compound May Be Claimed By Name Or CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t)
Claim by Physical and Chemical CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted
Compound May Be Claimed By Physical and Chemical CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t)
Process for Making Compound Allowed Without Indefiniteness IssueMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted
Trademark vs Goods Description in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(u)
Claims Must Not Use Trade NamesMPEP 2173.05(u)
Trademark Cannot Describe ProductMPEP 2173.05(u)Prohibited
Trademark Cannot Describe ProductMPEP 2173.05(u)
Support Required for Generic Terms Replaced from Trade NamesMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended
Claim Term Interpretation for Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.06
Examiner Must Reject Each Claim on All Reasonable GroundsMPEP 2173.06Recommended
Examiner Must Reject Each Claim on All Valid GroundsMPEP 2173.06Recommended
Proper Claim Interpretation for Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2173.06
Examiners Must Interpret Claim Terms Consistently with SpecificationMPEP 2181Recommended
Applicants Must Define Inventions Precisely During USPTO ProceedingsMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Must Be Construed Broadly Consistent With SpecificationMPEP 2181
Patentee Cannot Expand Claims Through Equivalents After Failing to Broaden During ProsecutionMPEP 2181Prohibited
Claim Language Must Specify Exact Structure Performing Function Without Resorting to SpecificationMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Without Means Presumes No 112(f) InvokedMPEP 2181
Examiner Must Consider Whether Presumption Is Overcome for Non-Means Claim LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended
Claim Limitation Without Means/Step Presumes Non-112(f)MPEP 2181
Terms Must Connote StructureMPEP 2181
Terms Naming Structures Perform Functions Not GenericMPEP 2181
Code and Application Terms Do Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181
Terms Not Generic Invoking 112(f)MPEP 2181
Claim Terms Not Generic When Structurally DefinedMPEP 2181
Terms Not Requiring Structural InterpretationMPEP 2181
Claim Element Without Explicit Step Language May Invoke Means-plus-functionMPEP 2181Recommended
Method Claim Element Corresponds to Ultimate AccomplishmentMPEP 2181
Claim Element Function Without Step LanguageMPEP 2181
Process Claims Not Step-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Function Not Structure Invokes Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181
Result in Preamble Does Not Convert Steps to Step-Plus-Function ClausesMPEP 2181
Steps of Passing Not Individually Linked to FunctionsMPEP 2181
Generic Placeholder Must Not Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited
Means Clause Not Always Subject to 112, 6th ParagraphMPEP 2181
Means-Plus-Function Not Always Limited to Disclosed EmbodimentsMPEP 2181
Method Claims Not Subject to 112(f) If Language Similar to Apparatus ClaimsMPEP 2181
Non-112(f) Claims Not Interpreted as Means/Step-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe High Voltage Generating CircuitMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe High-Voltage MeansMPEP 2181Permitted
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Permitted
Structure Required for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181Permitted
Claim Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Permitted
Claimed Function Requires Explicit Structure DescriptionMPEP 2181
Claim Limitation Written in Means-Plus-Function Language Must Have Adequate Structure DisclosedMPEP 2181
Written Description Requirement for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Computer FunctionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-plus-function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Symbol Generation AlgorithmMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented MeansMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Define Structure ClearlyMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Correspond to All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Coordinating FunctionMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Algorithm Must Correspond to Claimed FunctionMPEP 2181
Algorithm Required for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181
Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
References Must Be Described Not MentionedMPEP 2181
Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Requirement for Corresponding Structure Described in SpecificationMPEP 2181
Requirement for Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181
Known Techniques Insufficient for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Permitted
Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181
Requirement for Identifying Corresponding Structure, Material, or ActsMPEP 2181Permitted
Requirement for Timely Reply to Informational RequirementsMPEP 2181
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181
Invention Must Be Communicated ClearlyMPEP 2181
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181
System Performing Functions Requires 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181
Specification Defines Claimed Invention MeaningMPEP 2182Recommended
Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2182
Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Clearly Linked to StructureMPEP 2182
Examiner Must Show One of Above Factors for EquivalenceMPEP 2183Recommended
Conclusion That Prior Art Meets Claimed LimitationMPEP 2183Recommended
Examiner Must Show Obvious Substitution for EquivalentsMPEP 2183Recommended
Examiner Must Show Prior Art Element Is EquivalentMPEP 2183
Applicant Must Show Prior Art Is Not EquivalentMPEP 2183
Means-Plus-Function Claims Must Be Equivalent to Specified MeansMPEP 2186
Claim Must Read on Approved ProductMPEP 2753Recommended
Claim Must List Corresponding Variables and SubstituentsMPEP 2753
Claim Chart to Describe Patent Claims on Approved Medical DevicesMPEP 2753Permitted
Reproducations Must Be ConsistentMPEP 2920.04(b)Recommended
Hague Registration May Be Refused Due to Insufficient ReproductionsMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted
Written Description Must Exclude Drawings and Flow DiagramsMPEP 608.01Prohibited
Claims May Incorporate References to Figures Where Descriptive Words Are InfeasibleMPEP 608.01Permitted
Tables Must Not Be DuplicatedMPEP 608.01Recommended
Claim References Table Number Instead of Including ItMPEP 608.01
Limitations of Each Claim Must Be Considered Separately in Multiple Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)
Incorporation By Reference Minimizes Public BurdenMPEP 608.01(p)Prohibited
Disclosure Must Be Reasonably Complete in PatentsMPEP 608.01(p)
Incorporation By Reference in Patent ApplicationsMPEP 608.01(p)
Guidance for Incorporating References in U.S. PatentsMPEP 608.01(p)
Capitalized Mark Must Distinguish Product IdentityMPEP 608.01(v)
Trade Name Mark Must Be Distinguished by CapitalizationMPEP 608.01(v)
Identification Required When Mark Lacks Fixed MeaningMPEP 608.01(v)
Identification of Mark or Trade Name Is Required If No Fixed MeaningMPEP 608.01(v)
Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 608.04(a)
Requirement for Nonstatutory Subject Matter RejectionsMPEP 706.03
Requirement for Utility in ClaimsMPEP 706.03
Requirement for Subject Matter Not Barred by Atomic Energy ActMPEP 706.03
Rejections for Nonstatutory Subject Matter and Human Organism StrategiesMPEP 706.03
Requirement for Addressing Double Patenting in Reissue ExaminationMPEP 706.03
Requirement for Foreign Filing With LicenseMPEP 706.03
Rejections and Res Judicata in Reissue ApplicationsMPEP 706.03
Examiner May Use Info Disclosed Statment to Make Final ActionMPEP 706.07(a)Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Claims Must Incorporate Drawing DescriptionMPEP 1504.04
Specification Must Describe Visible SurfacesMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Specification Must Describe Flat Surfaces ClearlyMPEP 1504.04Prohibited
Specification Must Describe Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04
Petition for Secrecy Order Rescission or ModificationMPEP 120Permitted
Applicant Can Petition to Rescind Secrecy Order If Facts Render It IneffectiveMPEP 120Permitted
Contact Sponsoring Agency for Secrecy Order RescissionMPEP 120Recommended
Permit to Disclose Invention ModificationMPEP 120Permitted
Petition for Secrecy Order Modification or RescissionMPEP 120
Requirements for Petitioning Rescission or Modification of Secrecy OrderMPEP 120
Appeal May Be Taken to Secretary of CommerceMPEP 120Permitted
Petitions and Appeals Must Be Sent to Mail Stop L&R, Commissioner for PatentsMPEP 120Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1302.01Recommended
Entire Disclosure Determines Invention Intent for Reissue ClaimsMPEP 1412.01
Reissue Claim Effective Date Determined by ParentMPEP 1440Permitted
2013 Application Examined Under Pre-AIA RulesMPEP 1440
Reissue Application Subject to AIA ProvisionsMPEP 1440
Requirement for Proper Scope of Claims to Provoke InterferenceMPEP 1449.02
Color Drawings Permitted for Design ApplicationsMPEP 1503.02Permitted
Color Representation Alternative for Design DrawingsMPEP 1503.02Permitted
Design Claimed as Shown in Drawings and DescriptionMPEP 1504.04
Claim Scope Limited to Shown PortionsMPEP 1504.04
Design Must Reflect Visual Appearance for PatentabilityMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Design Must Show Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04
Design Must Show Visual Appearance OnlyMPEP 1504.04
Requirement for Design AppearanceMPEP 1504.04
Design Must Show Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04
Design Claims Defined by Full Lines in DrawingsMPEP 1504.04
Design Patent Features Must Be Clearly ShownMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Design Claims Defined by Full Line DrawingsMPEP 1504.04
Written Description Requirement for Design PatentsMPEP 1504.04
Drawings Provide Description of Invention for Design PatentsMPEP 1504.04
Later-Claimed Design Cannot Introduce New ElementsMPEP 1504.04
Written Description for Later-Claimed Design RequiredMPEP 1504.04
Design Patent Must Show All Claimed ElementsMPEP 1504.04
Examiner Should Not Repeat Written Description Rejection If SatisfiedMPEP 1504.04Recommended
Examiner Must Review Basis for Written Description Rejection After Applicant ResponseMPEP 1504.04
Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single InventionMPEP 1504.05Permitted
Two Designs Must Be Patentably Indistinct for Same ApplicationMPEP 1504.05
Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05
Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05Prohibited
Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05
Specification Must Describe Multiple Embodiments ClearlyMPEP 1504.05Recommended
Disclosure of Multiple Cabinet Designs Requires Clear DifferentiationMPEP 1504.05Recommended
Disclosure of First Embodiment Completes SecondMPEP 1504.05Permitted
Plants Are Patentable Under 35 U.S.C. 101MPEP 1601
Patentable Subject Matter for Asexually Reproduced PlantsMPEP 1601
35 U.S.C. 101 Not Limited by Plant ActsMPEP 1601
Asexually Reproduced Plant Can Be Claimed Under 35 U.S.C. 101MPEP 1601Permitted
Requirement for National Stage Provisional Application ReferenceMPEP 1893.03(c)
Unintentional Delay in Claim FilingMPEP 1893.03(c)Permitted
Translation and Accuracy Statement Required for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c)
Translation and Accuracy Statement Required for Non-English ProvisionalMPEP 1893.03(c)
Specification Must Reference Prior ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c)
Request for Conversion of Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Permitted
Term Measured from Provisional Filing DateMPEP 201.04
Claiming Provisional Application BenefitsMPEP 201.04Permitted
Reference to Another Application Not an Incorporation for Disclosure PurposesMPEP 201.06(c)
Claim for Prior Application Benefit Considered Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 201.06(c)
Continuation Application Uses Prior Nonprovisional ContentsMPEP 201.06(d)
Substitute Specification Must Include No New MatterMPEP 201.06(d)
Preliminary Amendment for Claims and Description Must Be EnteredMPEP 201.06(d)
Petition to Remove Substitute Specification and Treat as Separate ApplicationMPEP 201.06(d)Permitted
Filing Fee Not Refundable After CPA With New MatterMPEP 201.06(d)
Requirement for Claim Support After March 16, 2013 Effective DatesMPEP 210Permitted
Examiner Must Evaluate Specification and Claims for Asserted ImprovementsMPEP 2106.05(a)Recommended
Examiners Must Not Judge Improvement MeritsMPEP 2106.05(a)
Burden on Examiner to Evaluate Technological ImprovementMPEP 2106.05(a)Prohibited
Requirement for Providing Technical Improvement TestimonyMPEP 2106.05(a)
One Credible Utility Assertion SufficientMPEP 2107.02
Requirement for Specific and Substantial Utility DescriptionMPEP 2107.02Recommended
Inventors Must Be Named in Continuation ApplicationsMPEP 211.01
Inventorship Overlap Allows Benefit ClaimMPEP 211.01Permitted
Invention Disclosure Must Support ClaimsMPEP 211.05
Continuation Application Must Match Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Prohibited
Disclosure Must Match Prior ApplicationMPEP 211.05Prohibited
Continuation-In-Part May Include New MatterMPEP 211.05Permitted
Written Description Requirement for Prior-Filed ApplicationsMPEP 211.05
Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier ApplicationMPEP 211.05
Claim Must Be Supported by Earlier Filed ApplicationMPEP 211.05
Claim Not Entitled to Prior Filing Date in Continuation-in-PartMPEP 211.05
Claim Entitlement to Parent Application DateMPEP 211.05
Claim Support in Continuation-in-Part Requires Proper DisclosureMPEP 211.05
Format of Markush Claims Does Not MatterMPEP 2117Permitted
Claims Must Set Forth AlternativesMPEP 2117
Claims Reciting Alternatives Treated as Markush ClaimsMPEP 2117Recommended
Inventions in Metallurgy and Chemistry Often Claimed Using Markush StyleMPEP 2117Permitted
Examiner Must Suggest Proper Markush GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended
Multiple Ways to Formulate Proper Markush GroupingsMPEP 2117Permitted
Examiner Should Not Suggest Improper GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended
Claims Must Be Supported by Parent ApplicationMPEP 2133.01
Guidance for Determining Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2136
Provisional Support for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2136.03
Dynamic Drinkware Does Not Apply to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d)MPEP 2136.03
Dynamic Drinkware Applies to Pre-AIA Patents OnlyMPEP 2136.03
Affidavit Required to Antedate Pre-AIA ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b)
Disclosure of Inventor's Contribution Required for AntedatingMPEP 2136.05(b)
Disclosure of Co-Worker's Invention in Another ApplicationMPEP 2136.05(b)
Requirement for Antedating a Pre-AIA ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b)
Copending Application Can Antedate InventionMPEP 2136.05(b)
Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) Rejection Using Dewey’s ApplicationMPEP 2136.05(b)
Affidavit Requirement to Antedate ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b)
Requirement to Antedate Reference Using Affidavit Under 37 CFR 1.131MPEP 2136.05(b)
Affidavit Showing Inventor Derived Knowledge From AnotherMPEP 2136.05(b)
Requirement for Considering Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03
Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional or Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 2139.03
Support for Earlier Filed Applications RequiredMPEP 2139.03
Requirement for Fulfilling 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(1), (2), and (4)MPEP 2139.03Permitted
No Benefit Claims to Pre-International U.S. ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03
Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03
Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Benefit ClaimMPEP 2139.03
Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03
Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03Permitted
Benefit Claim to Pre-November 29, 2000 International Applications Not AllowedMPEP 2139.03
Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03
Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2139.03
Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03
Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03Permitted
Benefit Claim to Pre-November 29, 2000 International Applications Not AllowedMPEP 2139.03
Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specified SectionsMPEP 2139.03
Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2139.03
Specification Disclosure Reflects Art KnowledgeMPEP 2141.03Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2141.03
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2141.03
Invention Utilizes Existing InfrastructureMPEP 2141.03
One-Year Grace Period Measured from US Filing DateMPEP 2151
One-Year Grace Period Extended to Next Business Day on HolidaysMPEP 2151
Filing Date Not Affected by Electronic FilingMPEP 2151
Description Requirement for Printed Publications Under AIA 102(a)MPEP 2152.02(b)
Description Requirement for Anticipation Under AIA 102MPEP 2152.02(b)
Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b)
Description of Single Embodiment Sufficient for AnticipationMPEP 2152.02(b)
Written Description Must Support Claimed InventionMPEP 2152.02(b)
Distinguishing Effective Filing for Priority vs Actual EntitlementMPEP 2154.01(b)
Effective Filing Date for Prior Art PurposesMPEP 2154.01(b)
Requirement for Effective Filing Under AIA 102(d)MPEP 2154.01(b)
AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d) Reference Date Not Subject to Dynamic Drinkware Priority RuleMPEP 2154.01(b)
U.S. Patent Document May Still Serve As Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c)
Claims Can Support Double Patenting Even Without Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c)
Nonstatutory Double Patenting Requires Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c)Prohibited
AIA Requirement for Subsequent ClaimsMPEP 2159.02
New Ground of Rejection After AIA TransitionMPEP 2159.02Permitted
Requirement for Provisional and Complete SpecificationsMPEP 216Permitted
Provisional Specification Requirement for UK FilingMPEP 216
Specification and Drawing Date for Foreign ApplicationsMPEP 216Permitted
Filing Date Is Specification and Drawing DateMPEP 216
Claims Must Describe Invention ClearlyMPEP 2163Recommended
Claim Preamble Must Reflect Whole Claim ScopeMPEP 2163Permitted
Claims Must Not Import Limitations from SpecificationMPEP 2163Prohibited
Do Not Repeat Description Rejection If AdequateMPEP 2163
Maintain Written Description Rejection If Insufficient EvidenceMPEP 2163
Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.03
Earlier Filed Applications Must Provide Verbatim DisclosureMPEP 2163.03
Earlier Applications Must Provide Sufficient DisclosureMPEP 2163.03
Insufficient Genera and Subgenera DisclosureMPEP 2163.03
Prior Applications Must Provide Blaze Marks for Written Description SupportMPEP 2163.03
Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.03
No Adequate Blaze Marks for Written Description SupportMPEP 2163.03
Earlier Filed Applications Must Provide Sufficient Written Description for Later ClaimsMPEP 2163.03
Do Not Repeat Written Description Rejection If SatisfiedMPEP 2163.04
Maintain Written Description Rejection If Insufficient EvidenceMPEP 2163.04
Enablement Requirement for Screening Millions of AntibodiesMPEP 2164.01(a)
Enablement Must Be Supported For Full Claim ScopeMPEP 2164.01(a)
Disclosure of Prophetic Examples Must Be Clear and AccurateMPEP 2164.02Permitted
Requirement for Actual Test Results After RejectionMPEP 2164.02Recommended
Prophetic Examples Must Not Be Represented as Actual ResultsMPEP 2164.02
Prophetic Examples Must Be Supported by Actual ResultsMPEP 2164.02Recommended
Written Description for Living Biological Products RequiredMPEP 2164.06(a)
Written Description and Enablement for Biological ProductsMPEP 2164.06(a)
Written Description for Microorganisms RequiredMPEP 2164.06(a)Prohibited
Claim Multiplicity Should Not Be ExcessiveMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Claim Repetition Should Not Be Used to ConfuseMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
Reasonable Claim Multiplicity RequiredMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended
All Claim Types Must Be Reviewed for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended
Means-Plus-Function Terms in Claims Require Specification DescriptionMPEP 2181
Applicants Can Invoke §112 ¶6 for Method Claim TermsMPEP 2181
Method Claims Must Use Described StructureMPEP 2181
Single Means Claim Is Limited to All Performing MeansMPEP 2181
Single Means Claim Covers All Performing MeansMPEP 2181
Specification Defines Equivalents for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2184Recommended
Specification Describes More Than Specific Elements But Less Than Function Performing ElementMPEP 2184
Claim Structure Limited to Described Embodiment and EquivalentsMPEP 2184
Examiner Must Interpret Means-Plus-Function Limitations Consistently With SpecificationMPEP 2184
Supplemental Examination Proceeding for Patent ReexaminationMPEP 2201
Patent Owner Can Request Supplemental Examination to Consider Relevant InformationMPEP 2201Permitted
Substantial New Question of Patentability Raised by Supplemental ExamMPEP 2201
Reexamination Proceeding Reviews Patent Claims Based on Prior ArtMPEP 2258
Double Patenting Issues During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted
Scope of Reexamination CertificateMPEP 2258
New Claims Must Not Broaden Original ScopeMPEP 2258
Reexamination Not Limited to Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2258
Information Raising Substantial New Question of Patentability Allowed in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted
Reexamination May Include Any InformationMPEP 2258Permitted
Reexamination May Involve Any Patentability IssueMPEP 2258Permitted
Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2258Permitted
Claims Effective Date Determined by Filing DateMPEP 2258
Amendment Entered for Reexamination Despite Lack of Legal EffectMPEP 2270
Drawing Amendments Not Entered OrdinarilyMPEP 2270
Amendment Enlarging Claims Must Be Entered But RejectedMPEP 2270
Close Scrutiny for Unpatentability Grounds Before InterferenceMPEP 2303
Requirement for Complete Written DescriptionMPEP 2303
Deposit of Biological Materials Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2402
Deposit May Satisfy Description and Enablement RequirementsMPEP 2402Permitted
Deposit Requirement for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2402
Depository for Biological Materials Must Be Approved by WIPOMPEP 2402
Deposit Not Required for Plant PatentsMPEP 2403.02
Description of Marine Tunicates Satisfies Enablement RequirementMPEP 2404.01
Material Known and Readily Available Must Be Described AdequatelyMPEP 2404.01
Requirement for Examining Deposit AvailabilityMPEP 2404.01
Requirement for Acceptable Non-Budapest Treaty DepositMPEP 2404.01
No Deposit During Pendency Bars Certificate of CorrectionMPEP 2407.02
Reissue Is Not Permitted for Missing DepositMPEP 2407.02
Deposit Not Made During Pendency Prohibits Certificate of CorrectionMPEP 2407.02
Substantial New Question on Anticipation or ObviousnessMPEP 2811Permitted
Brief Description for Views of Reproductions Required in Item (10)MPEP 2909Recommended
Reproduction Requirement for International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted
Additional Considerations for International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c)
Filing Date Based on CorrectionMPEP 506
Component Parts Must Satisfy Requirements for Filing DateMPEP 506
Filing Date Based on Correction DateMPEP 506
Cover Sheet Required for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 506Permitted
Provisional Application Should Conform to Nonprovisional GuidelinesMPEP 601Recommended
Requirement for Full and Clear DisclosureMPEP 608
No New Matter After Filing DateMPEP 608Permitted
Original Disclosure Requirement for FilingMPEP 608Permitted
Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 608.01
Specification Must Not Include Unrelated InformationMPEP 608.01Prohibited
Specification Must Not Include Other Parts of ApplicationMPEP 608.01Prohibited
No Overlap of Disclosure Sections on Same PageMPEP 608.01Recommended
Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01
Hyperlinks Must Be Disabled for USPTO DatabaseMPEP 608.01
First Office Action on Abstract DefectsMPEP 608.01(b)Recommended
Examiner Must Point Out Abstract DefectsMPEP 608.01(b)
No Specific Example Required for Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 608.01(h)
Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h)
Best Mode Not Required to Include ExampleMPEP 608.01(h)
Best Mode Must Be Disclosed Without ConcealmentMPEP 608.01(h)
Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h)
Best Mode Separate from Sufficiency of DisclosureMPEP 608.01(h)
Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended
Material May Be Incorporated by Reference in Patent ApplicationMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Essential Material May Be Incorporated by Reference in Patent ApplicationMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Requirement for Specific Root Words in Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)
Requirement for Clear Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Requirement for Clear Incorporation IndicationMPEP 608.01(p)
Requirement for Specific References to Incorporated DocumentsMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended
Filing Requirements for Blank Application NumbersMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Abandoned Applications Can Be Referenced Like Copending OnesMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted
Filing Date Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 702
Filing Date Changes for Post-2013 ApplicationsMPEP 702
Specification Requirement for Nonprovisional Applications Filed After December 18, 2013MPEP 702
Provisional Applications Can Lack DrawingsMPEP 702Permitted
Examiner Must Not Question Test Results Without Reasonable BasisMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended
No New Matter In ApplicationMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended
Patent Term Filing Date Based on Earliest Reference ApplicationMPEP 804
Patent Term Filing Date Not Affected by Early ApplicationsMPEP 804
Patent Term Based on Earliest Filing DateMPEP 804.02
Patent Term Determined by Earliest Filing Date ClaimedMPEP 804.02
Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 804.03
Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 804.03Permitted
Pre-AIA Benefit Claim to International Application Before Nov 29, 2000 Not AllowedMPEP 804.03
Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specified SectionsMPEP 804.03
Requirement for Proper Benefit Claim SupportMPEP 804.03
Final Office Action in Rejoinder Situations Governed by MPEP § 706.07MPEP 821.04
Written Description Required for Design ClaimsMPEP 1504.04Permitted
Plant Written Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 1601
Alternative Only Multiple Dependent Claims PermittedMPEP 1824Permitted
Claims Must Start on New PageMPEP 1824Recommended
Margins Prohibited for Page NumbersMPEP 1824Prohibited
Line Numbers Must Appear Right Half of Left MarginMPEP 1824Recommended
Multiple Dependent Claims Permitted Only In AlternativesMPEP 1824
Examination of International Design Applications Designating the USMPEP 2920.05
Examination Practices for International Designs Designating USMPEP 2920.05

MPEP Section	Rules
MPEP § 1004	Requirement for Newly Filed Application Not Complying with 112MPEP 1004
MPEP § 120	Rescission of Secrecy Order by Expunging Sensitive Subject MatterMPEP 120Permitted Petition for Secrecy Order Rescission or ModificationMPEP 120Permitted Applicant Can Petition to Rescind Secrecy Order If Facts Render It IneffectiveMPEP 120Permitted Contact Sponsoring Agency for Secrecy Order RescissionMPEP 120Recommended Permit to Disclose Invention ModificationMPEP 120Permitted Petition for Secrecy Order Modification or RescissionMPEP 120 Requirements for Petitioning Rescission or Modification of Secrecy OrderMPEP 120 Appeal May Be Taken to Secretary of CommerceMPEP 120Permitted Petitions and Appeals Must Be Sent to Mail Stop L&R, Commissioner for PatentsMPEP 120Recommended
MPEP § 1205.02	Identify Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 1205.02Required Concise Claim Explanation RequiredMPEP 1205.02 Concise Claim Subject Matter Explanation RequiredMPEP 1205.02Required Reference to Publication Not SufficientMPEP 1205.02
MPEP § 1302.01	Terms Not Appearing in Specification Require Antecedent BasisMPEP 1302.01Recommended Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1302.01Recommended
MPEP § 1411.02	Rejection for Added New Matter in Claims or SpecificationMPEP 1411.02Recommended Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1411.02Recommended New Matter Prohibition In Reissue ApplicationsMPEP 1411.02Prohibited Objection for Added New MatterMPEP 1411.02Recommended Objection for New Matter Not Affecting ClaimsMPEP 1411.02Recommended
MPEP § 1412.01	Requirement for Same Invention as DisclosedMPEP 1412.01 Reissue Claims Must Match Original Patent’s InventionMPEP 1412.01Required Entire Disclosure Determines Invention Intent for Reissue ClaimsMPEP 1412.01
MPEP § 1440	Claim Must Rely on April 1, 2013 DisclosureMPEP 1440Prohibited Reissue Claim Effective Date Determined by ParentMPEP 1440Permitted 2013 Application Examined Under Pre-AIA RulesMPEP 1440 Reissue Application Subject to AIA ProvisionsMPEP 1440
MPEP § 1449.02	Oath/Declaration Must Identify Claims Added to Provoke InterferenceMPEP 1449.02Required Requirement for Proper Scope of Claims to Provoke InterferenceMPEP 1449.02
MPEP § 1451	Claims Must Be Particularly Pointed Out and Distinctly ClaimedMPEP 1451 Claims Must Consistently Describe InventionMPEP 1451
MPEP § 1457	Requirement for Converting Design to Utility PatentMPEP 1457Recommended Design Patent Not Inoperative After ReissueMPEP 1457 Conversion of Design to Utility Patent Involves New MatterMPEP 1457 Disclosure Must Support Utility PatentMPEP 1457Required
MPEP § 1501	Filing Requirements for Design PatentMPEP 1501Required
MPEP § 1503.01	Claim Must Define Invention as Regarded by InventorMPEP 1503.01Recommended Examiner Must Require Clear Claim LanguageMPEP 1503.01Recommended Claim Must Describe Specific Article Embodied DesignMPEP 1503.01 Title Amendment Must Not Introduce New MatterMPEP 1503.01Required Amendments to Title Must Have BasisMPEP 1503.01Prohibited Amendment to Title Describing Environment Must Have Basis and Not Introduce New MatterMPEP 1503.01Recommended
MPEP § 1503.02	Claim Rejection for Inconsistent ViewsMPEP 1503.02Recommended Photographs Must Clearly Show Design FeaturesMPEP 1503.02 Specification Must Describe Lined Color DrawingsMPEP 1503.02Prohibited Inconsistencies Among Views Must Be ResolvedMPEP 1503.02Recommended Requirement for Acceptable Photographic DisclosureMPEP 1503.02 Photographs Must Be Approved by ExaminerMPEP 1503.02 Color Drawings Permitted for Design ApplicationsMPEP 1503.02Permitted Color Representation Alternative for Design DrawingsMPEP 1503.02Permitted
MPEP § 1504.01	Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 1504.01Required
MPEP § 1504.04	Design Can Be Defined by Single Plan-ViewMPEP 1504.04Required Two-Dimensional View Sufficient for Shoe Bottom DesignMPEP 1504.04 Enablement With Single Plan-ViewMPEP 1504.04 Examiners Must Identify Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required Claim Rejection for Inconsistent ViewsMPEP 1504.04Recommended Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 1504.04Recommended Description Must Clearly Define Invention VariationsMPEP 1504.04 Amendments Must Comply with Written Description RequirementMPEP 1504.04Permitted Claim Must Be Described In Original FilingMPEP 1504.04Required Amendment to Title Requires Original SupportMPEP 1504.04 Amended Design Must Convey Invention PossessionMPEP 1504.04Required Amendment Not Supported by Original Disclosure Must Be RejectedMPEP 1504.04Recommended Claims Must Be Supported by Original Disclosure Without New MatterMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Definite Claim Language Required Under 112(b)MPEP 1504.04 Precision Does Not Automatically Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Design Title Including 'Or Similar Article' Not Rejected Under 112(b)MPEP 1504.04Recommended Claim Must Clearly Define Invention BoundariesMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Determine Scope of Protection Before Compliance AnalysisMPEP 1504.04Recommended Scope of Claims Must Be Enabled by DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Required Claim Must Describe Design ClearlyMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Claim Must Describe Design FullyMPEP 1504.04 Claim Scope Cannot Be Based Solely on DrawingsMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Design Title Identifies Embodied ArticleMPEP 1504.04Permitted Design Must Be Clearly Depicted In Full LinesMPEP 1504.04Required Visible Surfaces Must Be DisclosedMPEP 1504.04Required Design Must Only Disclose Visible SurfacesMPEP 1504.04 Examiner Must Clarify Invisible Design ElementsMPEP 1504.04Required Separate Rejections Under 112(a) and/or (b)MPEP 1504.04Recommended Written Description Must Enable Skilled Person to Make and Use InventionMPEP 1504.04Required Drawings Must Describe InventionMPEP 1504.04 Requirement for Design Claims Comprising Subset of Original ElementsMPEP 1504.04Permitted No Further Analysis for Subset ElementsMPEP 1504.04 Review Basis for Written Description Rejection Before RerejectingMPEP 1504.04Recommended Examiner Must Address Applicant's Evidence When Repeating Written Description RejectionMPEP 1504.04Recommended Affidavits Must Be Analyzed for Written Description RejectionsMPEP 1504.04Required Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 1504.04Required Plan-View Illustration for Two-Dimensional DesignsMPEP 1504.04Required Plan-View Disclosure Sufficient for Certain DesignsMPEP 1504.04 Specification Must Describe Invention Completely for Three-Dimensional ArticlesMPEP 1504.04 Examiners Must Identify Specific Drawing ShortcomingsMPEP 1504.04 Examiners Must Identify and Address Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Required Examiners Must Identify Specific Drawing DeficienciesMPEP 1504.04Permitted Inconsistencies Between Drawing Views Must Be CorrectedMPEP 1504.04Required Claim Not Enabled by DescriptionMPEP 1504.04Permitted Claim Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04 Amended Claims Must Have Written Description SupportMPEP 1504.04Required Amendment Must Support Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04 Amended Claims Must Have Written SupportMPEP 1504.04Permitted Requirement for Clear Disclosure of InventionMPEP 1504.04Recommended Amended Claims Must Have Written Description SupportMPEP 1504.04 Differences Not Supported Must Be IdentifiedMPEP 1504.04Recommended Examiner Must Identify Specific New MatterMPEP 1504.04 Examiner Should Suggest Correction for New MatterMPEP 1504.04Recommended Amended Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Permitted Amendment Resulting in New Matter Due to Lack of Enablement Is ProhibitedMPEP 1504.04Permitted Definiteness of Claim Language Must Be Analyzed Considering Prior Art and Application DisclosureMPEP 1504.04Required Definiteness of Claim Language Must Be Analyzed in ContextMPEP 1504.04 Definiteness of Claim Language Dependent on Disclosure and Prior ArtMPEP 1504.04Permitted Claim Language Definiteness Must Be Evaluated ContextuallyMPEP 1504.04 Claims Must Avoid Broad TerminologyMPEP 1504.04 Requirement for Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b)MPEP 1504.04Permitted Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 1504.04Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 1504.04Permitted Claims Must Incorporate Drawing DescriptionMPEP 1504.04 Design Specification Requires Description of Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04Required Specification Must Describe Visible SurfacesMPEP 1504.04Recommended Specification Must Describe Flat Surfaces ClearlyMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Specification Must Describe Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04 Claimed Design Must Be Clearly DisclosedMPEP 1504.04Prohibited Design Claimed as Shown in Drawings and DescriptionMPEP 1504.04 Claim Scope Limited to Shown PortionsMPEP 1504.04 Adequacy of Disclosure Determined by Asserted ScopeMPEP 1504.04Required Design Must Reflect Visual Appearance for PatentabilityMPEP 1504.04Recommended Design Must Show Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04 Design Must Show Visual Appearance OnlyMPEP 1504.04 Requirement for Design AppearanceMPEP 1504.04 Design Must Show Visible Surfaces OnlyMPEP 1504.04 Examiner Must State Visible Surfaces Not Shown Form No Part of DesignMPEP 1504.04Permitted Design Claims Defined by Full Lines in DrawingsMPEP 1504.04 Design Patent Features Must Be Clearly ShownMPEP 1504.04Permitted Design Claims Defined by Full Line DrawingsMPEP 1504.04 Written Description Requirement for Design PatentsMPEP 1504.04 Drawings Provide Description of Invention for Design PatentsMPEP 1504.04 Later-Claimed Design Cannot Introduce New ElementsMPEP 1504.04 Written Description for Later-Claimed Design RequiredMPEP 1504.04 Design Patent Must Show All Claimed ElementsMPEP 1504.04 Examiner Should Not Repeat Written Description Rejection If SatisfiedMPEP 1504.04Recommended Examiner Must Review Basis for Written Description Rejection After Applicant ResponseMPEP 1504.04 Written Description Required for Design ClaimsMPEP 1504.04Permitted
MPEP § 1504.05	Disclosure of Embodiments Must Be Clear and CompleteMPEP 1504.05Required Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single InventionMPEP 1504.05Permitted Two Designs Must Be Patentably Indistinct for Same ApplicationMPEP 1504.05 Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05 Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05Prohibited Multiple Embodiments Must Share Single Inventive ConceptMPEP 1504.05 Multiple Embodiments Require Single ClaimMPEP 1504.05Required Specification Must Describe Multiple Embodiments ClearlyMPEP 1504.05Recommended Disclosure of Multiple Cabinet Designs Requires Clear DifferentiationMPEP 1504.05Recommended Disclosure of First Embodiment Completes SecondMPEP 1504.05Permitted
MPEP § 1504.20	Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required Invention Disclosure Must Reference Prior ApplicationMPEP 1504.20Required Continuation-In-Part Not Entitled to Parent Filing Date Without Proper DisclosureMPEP 1504.20 Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required Failure to Submit Amendment Waives BenefitMPEP 1504.20Permitted Director May Accept Late Amendment SubmissionMPEP 1504.20Permitted Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 1504.20Required Failure to Submit Amendment Waives BenefitMPEP 1504.20Permitted Surcharge for Unintentionally Late Amendment SubmissionMPEP 1504.20Permitted Determine If Foreign Application Qualifies As Pre-AIA Prior ArtMPEP 1504.20Required Foreign Application Must Mature Before CIP FilingMPEP 1504.20Required Use MPEP Charts for Foreign Application DeterminationMPEP 1504.20Recommended Foreign Application Must Mature into Patent to Qualify as Prior ArtMPEP 1504.20Recommended Design from Foreign Application Anticipates or Obviates CIP ClaimMPEP 1504.20Recommended
MPEP § 1601	Plant Patent Written Description Requirement RelaxedMPEP 1601 Specification Must Describe Asexually Reproduced Plant CompletelyMPEP 1601Permitted Factors Removing Plants from Patent Protection Before 1930MPEP 1601 Plants Are Patentable InventionsMPEP 1601 Work of Plant Breeders Is PatentableMPEP 1601 Description Requirement for Plant PatentsMPEP 1601 Plants Are Patentable Under 35 U.S.C. 101MPEP 1601 Patentable Subject Matter for Asexually Reproduced PlantsMPEP 1601 35 U.S.C. 101 Not Limited by Plant ActsMPEP 1601 Asexually Reproduced Plant Can Be Claimed Under 35 U.S.C. 101MPEP 1601Permitted Plant Written Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 1601
MPEP § 1605	Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 1605Required
MPEP § 1824	Alternative Only Multiple Dependent Claims PermittedMPEP 1824Permitted Claims Must Start on New PageMPEP 1824Recommended Margins Prohibited for Page NumbersMPEP 1824Prohibited Line Numbers Must Appear Right Half of Left MarginMPEP 1824Recommended Multiple Dependent Claims Permitted Only In AlternativesMPEP 1824
MPEP § 1893.03(c)	Requirement for Provisional Application FilingMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Inventor Named in Later Filed Application Must Be DisclosedMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Requirement for National Stage Provisional Benefit ClaimMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Reference to Provisional Application RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Reference Must Be In ADS Or First Sentence Of SpecificationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Requirement for National Stage Provisional Application ReferenceMPEP 1893.03(c) Requirement for Benefit Claim in Application Data SheetMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Reference to Provisional Application RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Unintentional Delay in Claim FilingMPEP 1893.03(c)Permitted Translation Required for Non-English Provisional ApplicationsMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Translation and Accuracy Statement Required for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c) Translation and Accuracy Statement Required for Non-English ProvisionalMPEP 1893.03(c) Requirement for National Stage Application to Obtain BenefitMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Reference to Prior Nonprovisional or International Application Required for National StageMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Reference Must Be In ADS Or First Sentence Of SpecificationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Specification Must Reference Prior ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c) Requirement for Benefit Claim in Application Data SheetMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Requirement for Timely Submission of Reference to Earlier Filed ApplicationMPEP 1893.03(c)Required Timely Submission of Benefit Claim RequiredMPEP 1893.03(c)Required
MPEP § 201	Specification and Drawings Required for Filing DateMPEP 201Required
MPEP § 201.04	Filing Date for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04 Filing Date for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required Request for Conversion Must Include Fee and ClaimMPEP 201.04Required Required Parts of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required Drawings Must Be Filed With Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required Amendments Not Allowed After Filing DateMPEP 201.04Permitted Required Components of Provisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Required Amendments Must Comply Statute and Regulations OnlyMPEP 201.04Permitted Request for Conversion of Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 201.04Permitted Request and Fee for Conversion Must Be Filed Before Abandonment or 12 MonthsMPEP 201.04Required Request for Conversion Must Be Filed Before Provisional ExpiresMPEP 201.04Required Fees Required for Nonprovisional Application ConversionMPEP 201.04Required Oath or Declaration Required for Conversion of Provisional Application Filed Before December 18, 2013MPEP 201.04Required Term Measured from Provisional Filing DateMPEP 201.04 Claiming Provisional Application BenefitsMPEP 201.04Permitted
MPEP § 201.06	Design Application from Utility Drawings Must Comply with 112(a)MPEP 201.06Permitted
MPEP § 201.06(c)	Specification and Claims Required for FilingMPEP 201.06(c)Required Reference to Another Application Not an Incorporation for Disclosure PurposesMPEP 201.06(c)Required Reference to Another Application Not an Incorporation for Disclosure PurposesMPEP 201.06(c) Claim for Prior Application Benefit Considered Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 201.06(c)
MPEP § 201.06(d)	Specification Must Cancel New MatterMPEP 201.06(d)Required Continuation Application Uses Prior Nonprovisional ContentsMPEP 201.06(d) Amendments Must Reflect Prior ApplicationMPEP 201.06(d)Required New Specification as Substitute RequirementMPEP 201.06(d)Required Substitute Specification Must Include No New MatterMPEP 201.06(d) Preliminary Amendment for Claims and Description Must Be EnteredMPEP 201.06(d) Petition to Remove Substitute Specification and Treat as Separate ApplicationMPEP 201.06(d)Permitted Filing Fee Not Refundable After CPA With New MatterMPEP 201.06(d)
MPEP § 201.08	Continuation-in-Part Application Can Claim Earlier Filing Date If Requirements MetMPEP 201.08Recommended Specific Reference to Earlier Filed Application RequiredMPEP 201.08 Application Data Sheet for Specific Reference After September 16, 2012MPEP 201.08Required Specific Reference Must Be Submitted for Pre-2012 ApplicationsMPEP 201.08Required
MPEP § 210	Requirement for Identifying Claim SupportMPEP 210Recommended Claims with AIA Effective Dates Not Required to Be IdentifiedMPEP 210Required Claim Must Have AIA Effective DateMPEP 210Required Requirement for Claim Support After March 16, 2013 Effective DatesMPEP 210Permitted
MPEP § 2103	Search Must Include Corresponding StructureMPEP 2103Required Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Set Forth InventionMPEP 2103 Specification Must Describe Invention as FiledMPEP 2103 Scope of 112(f) Claimed Function Defined by StructureMPEP 2103 Claims Must Define Invention PreciselyMPEP 2103 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2103 Enablement Requirement for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2103 Examiners Must Confirm Prima Facie Case Before Imposing RejectionMPEP 2103Recommended Requirement for Thorough Prior Art Search Before Evaluating PatentabilityMPEP 2103 Search Results Aid Examiner Understanding of InventionMPEP 2103 Unclaimed Invention Aspects Must Be SearchedMPEP 2103Recommended Claims Must Be Interpreted With Disclosure ContextMPEP 2103Required Claims Must Reasonably Apprise Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art of InventionMPEP 2103Required Rejection Only After Comprehensive AnalysisMPEP 2103Recommended Findings and Reasons Must Be Clearly Communicated in Office ActionsMPEP 2103Recommended Patent Eligibility Is a Threshold InquiryMPEP 2103 Other Patent Requirements Must Be Met After EligibilityMPEP 2103Required
MPEP § 2106	Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Additional Tools for Patentability DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106Permitted Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claims Must Not Be Purely Mental StepsMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Significantly More AnalysisMPEP 2106Permitted Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Claim Interpretation Affects Eligibility DeterminationMPEP 2106 Eligibility for Patenting Not Solely Determined by Section 101MPEP 2106
MPEP § 2106.05(a)	Specification Must Describe Invention Improvement ClearlyMPEP 2106.05(a) Examiner Must Evaluate Specification and Claims for Asserted ImprovementsMPEP 2106.05(a)Recommended Examiners Must Not Judge Improvement MeritsMPEP 2106.05(a) Burden on Examiner to Evaluate Technological ImprovementMPEP 2106.05(a)Prohibited Requirement for Providing Technical Improvement TestimonyMPEP 2106.05(a)
MPEP § 2107	Review Procedure for Utility RequirementMPEP 2107Required No Credible Utility, No PatentMPEP 2107Required 35 U.S.C. 101 Rejection Must Incorporate 112(a) GroundsMPEP 2107Recommended Guidelines for Examining Utility ComplianceMPEP 2107 Utility Guidelines Do Not Alter Substantive RequirementsMPEP 2107 Withdraw Utility Rejections If Satisfactorily RebutedMPEP 2107 Provide Evidence of Established UtilityMPEP 2107Required Examiner Must Review Subsequently Submitted Utility EvidenceMPEP 2107Recommended Evidence Must Relate to Disclosed PropertiesMPEP 2107Recommended Burden to Establish Nexus Between Evidence and Disclosed PropertiesMPEP 2107Required Guidelines for Examining Utility RequirementsMPEP 2107 Guidelines for Examination of Utility Requirements Are Not Substantive RulesMPEP 2107 Rejections Based on Substantive Law Are AppealableMPEP 2107 Requirement for Determining Applicant’s Claimed InventionMPEP 2107Required Claims Requirement for Statutory Subject MatterMPEP 2107Required Claimed Invention Must Have Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107Required Credible Utility Assertion RequiredMPEP 2107Required One Credible Utility Assertion Per Invention RequiredMPEP 2107Required Assertion of Specific Utility Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2107Required No Specific and Substantial Utility Must Be EstablishedMPEP 2107Required Examiner Must Explain Lack of Utility with EvidenceMPEP 2107Recommended Utility Must Be Credible for PatentMPEP 2107Recommended
MPEP § 2107.01	Utility Deficiency Creates 112(a) DeficiencyMPEP 2107.01Prohibited 35 U.S.C. 101 Utility Must Be Described in SpecificationMPEP 2107.01 Specification Must Describe Practical Utility for InventionMPEP 2107.01 Utility Rejection Requires Written DescriptionMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Rejection Requires EnablementMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended Claim Must Have Practical UtilityMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Requirement for 112(a) RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionsMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.01Required Claims Must Be Fully Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.01 Disclosure of Specific Utility Does Not Ensure Compliance with 112(a)MPEP 2107.01 Claim May Be Defective Under 112 If Undue Experimentation RequiredMPEP 2107.01Permitted Utility Requirement Must Be Separately AddressedMPEP 2107.01Recommended Utility Deficiency Implies Enablement FailureMPEP 2107.01Required Utility Deficiency Implies 112(a) FailureMPEP 2107.01Prohibited Claims Must Be Fully Supported by DisclosureMPEP 2107.01
MPEP § 2107.02	Applicant Statements Not Basis for Utility RejectionMPEP 2107.02Prohibited Invention Must Have Specific UtilityMPEP 2107.02 Invention Must Have Well-Established Utility to Avoid RejectionsMPEP 2107.02Recommended Applicant Must Rebut Patentability After Examiner's Prima Facie CaseMPEP 2107.02 One Credible Utility Assertion Sufficient for Product InventionsMPEP 2107.02 Best Mode Requirement for Utility DescriptionMPEP 2107.02Permitted Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107.02Recommended Utility Requirement Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2107.02 Utility Requirement Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a)MPEP 2107.02 Enablement Requirement Using Wands FactorsMPEP 2107.02Recommended Specification Must Not Be Used To Reject UtilityMPEP 2107.02Required Nonessential Utility Statements Not Required to Be StrickenMPEP 2107.02Prohibited Claims Must Not Include Unclaimed EmbodimentsMPEP 2107.02Recommended Statements in Specification Must Not Invalidate UtilityMPEP 2107.02 Prohibiting Inappropriate Utility ChangesMPEP 2107.02Permitted Requirement for Specific and Substantial Utility of InventionMPEP 2107.02 Requirement for Specific and Substantial UtilityMPEP 2107.02Permitted Disclosure Must Identify Specific Biological Activity and Its Therapeutic UseMPEP 2107.02Permitted Determine Well-Established Utility If Not Explicitly StatedMPEP 2107.02 Determine Well-Established Utility If Specific Utility Not StatedMPEP 2107.02Recommended Requirement for Well-Established Utility of InventionMPEP 2107.02 Utility Requirement for Well-Known ProteinsMPEP 2107.02 Applicant Must Rebut Prima Facie CaseMPEP 2107.02 Rebuttal of Prima Facie Case by ApplicantMPEP 2107.02 Requirement for Rebutting Prima Facie Case with Evidence or ArgumentsMPEP 2107.02Permitted New Evidence Must Be Relevant to Rejection IssuesMPEP 2107.02Required Opinions Must Be Supported by EvidenceMPEP 2107.02Permitted One Credible Utility Assertion SufficientMPEP 2107.02 Invention Utility Must Be Clearly DescribedMPEP 2107.02Recommended Best Mode Must Be Disclosed at FilingMPEP 2107.02Required Requirement for Specific and Substantial Utility DescriptionMPEP 2107.02Recommended Application Must Describe Invention’s UtilityMPEP 2107.02Required Utility Must Be Proven for PatentabilityMPEP 2107.02
MPEP § 2109	Prior Application Must Disclose Named Inventor’s InventionMPEP 2109Required 35 U.S.C. 120 Benefit Without ExaminationMPEP 2109Permitted Invention Must Be Named In Both ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required Inventors Must Match Between ApplicationsMPEP 2109Required Examiner Must Verify Common Inventors and Compliance with 120/78 RequirementsMPEP 2109Required
MPEP § 211	Requirement for Referencing Prior ApplicationMPEP 211Required Amendment Required for Earlier Filing Date BenefitMPEP 211Required Failure to Submit Amendment Waives Benefit Under Section 120MPEP 211Permitted Director May Accept Late Submission of Benefit AmendmentMPEP 211Permitted
MPEP § 211.01	Invention Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 211.01Required Inventors Must Be Named in Continuation ApplicationsMPEP 211.01 Inventorship Overlap Allows Benefit ClaimMPEP 211.01Permitted
MPEP § 211.01(b)	Later Application Can Disclose More Than PriorMPEP 211.01(b)Permitted Continuity of Same Subject Matter Between ApplicationsMPEP 211.01(b) Later-Filed Application as Continuing ApplicationMPEP 211.01(b)Permitted Continuing Application Types Include Divisional, Continuation, and Continuation-in-PartMPEP 211.01(b)
MPEP § 211.05	Invention Disclosure Must Support Later ApplicationMPEP 211.05Required Support and Enablement for Later-Filed Application RequiredMPEP 211.05Required Provisional Specification Must Enable InventionMPEP 211.05Required Claims of CIP Must Be Disclosed in Prior ApplicationMPEP 211.05 Copending Nonprovisional Applications Must Disclose Invention CompletelyMPEP 211.05Required Claim Entitled to Earlier Filing DateMPEP 211.05 Subsequently Filed Application Claims Must Comply With Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Prohibited Claim Support in Continuation-In-Part ApplicationsMPEP 211.05 Invention Disclosure Must Support ClaimsMPEP 211.05 Written Description Must Support Nonprovisional ClaimsMPEP 211.05Required Continuation Application Must Match Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Prohibited Divisional Application Must Include Prior DisclosureMPEP 211.05Required Disclosure Must Match Prior ApplicationMPEP 211.05Prohibited Continuation-In-Part May Include New MatterMPEP 211.05Permitted Written Description Requirement for Prior-Filed ApplicationsMPEP 211.05 Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier ApplicationMPEP 211.05 Claim Must Be Supported by Earlier Filed ApplicationMPEP 211.05 Claim Not Entitled to Prior Filing Date in Continuation-in-PartMPEP 211.05 Claim Entitlement to Parent Application DateMPEP 211.05 Claim Support in Continuation-in-Part Requires Proper DisclosureMPEP 211.05
MPEP § 2111	Claims Must Be Interpreted Broadly for Compliance with Section 112(b)MPEP 2111
MPEP § 2111.01	Claimed Element Must Be Constrained by SpecificationMPEP 2111.01Required Claim Term Without Clear Meaning Requires Broadest Reasonable InterpretationMPEP 2111.01Recommended Claims Must Not Import Description LimitationsMPEP 2111.01Permitted Claims Must Not Incorporate Specific EmbodimentsMPEP 2111.01Prohibited Claims Not Limited to Single DescriptionMPEP 2111.01Required Claims Must Not Import Specification LimitationsMPEP 2111.01 Order of Steps Not Required for Method ClaimsMPEP 2111.01 Examiner Must Check Specification for Claim Term MeaningMPEP 2111.01Recommended
MPEP § 2117	Markush Grouping Must Be DefiniteMPEP 2117Prohibited Claim Must Define Markush Grouping ClearlyMPEP 2117Prohibited Indefinite Claim Due to Unclear BoundariesMPEP 2117Prohibited Claims Must Recite Alternatives ConsistentlyMPEP 2117 Examiner Must Not Suggest Improper GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended Format of Markush Claims Does Not MatterMPEP 2117Permitted Claims Must Set Forth AlternativesMPEP 2117 Claims Reciting Alternatives Treated as Markush ClaimsMPEP 2117Recommended Inventions in Metallurgy and Chemistry Often Claimed Using Markush StyleMPEP 2117Permitted Claims Must Include AlternativesMPEP 2117Required Examiner Must Suggest Proper Markush GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended Multiple Ways to Formulate Proper Markush GroupingsMPEP 2117Permitted Examiner Should Not Suggest Improper GroupingsMPEP 2117Recommended
MPEP § 2124	Use of Post-Filing Date Evidence for EnablementMPEP 2124Required Post-Effective Filing Date Evidence for State of the ArtMPEP 2124 Post-Effective-Filing-State of the Art Evidence Is ImproperMPEP 2124 Post-Effective-Filing-Date Evidence for InoperabilityMPEP 2124 References Showing Art Level at Relevant TimeMPEP 2124Permitted Post-Effective-Filing-Date Evidence Not for EnablementMPEP 2124
MPEP § 2133.01	Child CIP Effective Date When No Parent SupportMPEP 2133.01 Claims Must Be Fully Supported by Parent ApplicationMPEP 2133.01 Claim Support from CIP Requires Earlier Effective DateMPEP 2133.01Required Prior Art Disclosing Invention Before Filing Date Bars Patent Issuance for CIPMPEP 2133.01 Prior Art Disclosing Invention Bars Patent IssuanceMPEP 2133.01 Claims Must Be Supported by Parent ApplicationMPEP 2133.01
MPEP § 2133.03(e)(6)	Testing to Determine Utility PermissibleMPEP 2133.03(e)(6) Testing of Invention in Normal Context Is PermittedMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)Permitted Permissible Testing to Determine UtilityMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)Permitted Permitted Testing for Utility DeterminationMPEP 2133.03(e)(6)
MPEP § 2136	Claim Support from Provisional Description Required for Benefit ClaimMPEP 2136Permitted Guidance for Determining Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2136
MPEP § 2136.02	Patent Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional ApplicationMPEP 2136.02Required
MPEP § 2136.03	Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2136.03Permitted Provisional Application Must Describe Subject Matter for RejectionMPEP 2136.03Required Prior Art from Earlier Filed Application Must Be SupportedMPEP 2136.03 Subject Matter Must Be Disclosed in Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2136.03Required Provisional Support for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2136.03 Dynamic Drinkware Does Not Apply to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d)MPEP 2136.03 Dynamic Drinkware Applies to Pre-AIA Patents OnlyMPEP 2136.03
MPEP § 2136.05(b)	Disclosure of Gating Means to Comply with Written Description RequirementMPEP 2136.05(b) Affidavit Required to Antedate Pre-AIA ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b) Disclosure of Inventor's Contribution Required for AntedatingMPEP 2136.05(b) Disclosure of Co-Worker's Invention in Another ApplicationMPEP 2136.05(b) Requirement for Antedating a Pre-AIA ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b) Copending Application Can Antedate InventionMPEP 2136.05(b) Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) Rejection Using Dewey’s ApplicationMPEP 2136.05(b) Affidavit Requirement to Antedate ReferenceMPEP 2136.05(b) Requirement to Antedate Reference Using Affidavit Under 37 CFR 1.131MPEP 2136.05(b) Affidavit Showing Inventor Derived Knowledge From AnotherMPEP 2136.05(b)
MPEP § 2138	Constructive Reduction to Practice Requirement for Foreign PriorityMPEP 2138
MPEP § 2138.05	Specification Must Describe Invention Completely for Interference CountMPEP 2138.05Required How to Make Invention Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2138.05 Earlier Application Must Meet Enablement and Description RequirementsMPEP 2138.05Required Utility Not Established by Similar CompoundMPEP 2138.05 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2138.05 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2138.05Required
MPEP § 2139.03	Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 2139.03 Requirement for Considering Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03 Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional or Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 2139.03 Support for Earlier Filed Applications RequiredMPEP 2139.03 Requirement for Fulfilling 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(1), (2), and (4)MPEP 2139.03Permitted No Benefit Claims to Pre-International U.S. ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03 Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03 Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Benefit ClaimMPEP 2139.03 Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03 Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03Permitted Benefit Claim to Pre-November 29, 2000 International Applications Not AllowedMPEP 2139.03 Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specific SectionsMPEP 2139.03 Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2139.03 Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03 Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 2139.03Permitted Benefit Claim to Pre-November 29, 2000 International Applications Not AllowedMPEP 2139.03 Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specified SectionsMPEP 2139.03 Proper Use of Earlier Filed Applications for Pre-AIA 102(e) DateMPEP 2139.03
MPEP § 2141.03	Silent Specification Implies Ordinary SkillMPEP 2141.03Permitted Specification Disclosure Reflects Art KnowledgeMPEP 2141.03Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2141.03 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2141.03 Invention Utilizes Existing InfrastructureMPEP 2141.03
MPEP § 2143.03	Indefinite Claim Rejection and Prior Art ConsiderationMPEP 2143.03Recommended Claim Limitation Indefiniteness Must Not Be IgnoredMPEP 2143.03Prohibited Both Rejections Required for Indefinite ClaimsMPEP 2143.03 Claim Language Must Not Be Speculatively Interpreted for Obviousness RejectionMPEP 2143.03Recommended Indefinite Claims Not Rejected Over Prior ArtMPEP 2143.03Recommended Claim Limitation Must Be Considered Before Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2143.03 Proper Claim Interpretation for Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2143.03Recommended
MPEP § 2145	Office Personnel Must Consider Applicant’s Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145Recommended Office Personnel Must Consider All Rebuttal Arguments and EvidenceMPEP 2145Recommended Office Must Consider All Applicant Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145 Rebuttal Evidence May Address Any Graham Factor Including Secondary ConsiderationsMPEP 2145Permitted Consideration of Objective Indicia is Part of Obviousness AnalysisMPEP 2145 Office Personnel Must Consider All Applicant EvidenceMPEP 2145 All Evidence Must Be Considered Before Determining ObviousnessMPEP 2145Required Examiner Must Consider All Rebuttal EvidenceMPEP 2145
MPEP § 2148	Indefinite Claims Require Rejection Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2148Permitted
MPEP § 2151	One-Year Grace Period After Inventor DisclosureMPEP 2151Prohibited One-Year Grace Period Measured from US Filing DateMPEP 2151 One-Year Grace Period Extended to Next Business Day on HolidaysMPEP 2151 Filing Date Not Affected by Electronic FilingMPEP 2151
MPEP § 2152.02(b)	Requirement for Prior Art Document to Describe InventionMPEP 2152.02(b)Required Prior Art Does Not Need How To Use InformationMPEP 2152.02(b) Written Description Requirement for Claim Support vs AnticipationMPEP 2152.02(b) Specification Must Describe Entire Invention for EnablementMPEP 2152.02(b) Each Element Must Be Disclosed Explicitly or Inherently as in ClaimMPEP 2152.02(b)Required Description Requirement for Printed Publications Under AIA 102(a)MPEP 2152.02(b) Invention Must Be Enabled Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2152.02(b)Required Claimed Invention Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b)Required Description Requirement for Anticipation Under AIA 102MPEP 2152.02(b) Prior Art Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b)Required Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2152.02(b) Description of Single Embodiment Sufficient for AnticipationMPEP 2152.02(b) Written Description Must Support Claimed InventionMPEP 2152.02(b)
MPEP § 2154.01(b)	Provisional Description Supports Patent Claims Not Required Under AIAMPEP 2154.01(b) Prior Filed Application Must Describe Subject Matter for RejectionMPEP 2154.01(b)Required Distinguishing Effective Filing for Priority vs Actual EntitlementMPEP 2154.01(b) Effective Filing Date for Prior Art PurposesMPEP 2154.01(b) Requirement for Effective Filing Under AIA 102(d)MPEP 2154.01(b) AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d) Reference Date Not Subject to Dynamic Drinkware Priority RuleMPEP 2154.01(b) Claimed Invention Must Be Described Completely for AnticipationMPEP 2154.01(b)Required
MPEP § 2154.02(c)	Publication Date Before Filing Date Is Not ExemptedMPEP 2154.02(c)Permitted U.S. Patent Document May Still Serve As Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c) Claims Can Support Double Patenting Even Without Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c) Nonstatutory Double Patenting Requires Prior ArtMPEP 2154.02(c)Prohibited
MPEP § 2155.04	Affidavit Not Needing Enabling DisclosureMPEP 2155.04Required
MPEP § 2158.01	Indefinite Claims Require Rejection Under 112(b)MPEP 2158.01Permitted
MPEP § 2159.01	Claims to New Matter Rejected Under Pre-AIA 112MPEP 2159.01 Pre-AIA Rules Apply to Pre-March 16, 2013 ApplicationsMPEP 2159.01 Continued Examination Not New ApplicationMPEP 2159.01 Continued Examination Request Does Not Change Pre-AIA StatusMPEP 2159.01 PCT Applications Filed Before March 16, 2013 Subject to Pre-AIA StandardsMPEP 2159.01
MPEP § 2159.02	Claim to AIA Invention Must Have SupportMPEP 2159.02 Claims Must Have Support in DescriptionMPEP 2159.02Prohibited Amendments Containing New Matter Must Be Handled CarefullyMPEP 2159.02Required AIA Requirement for Subsequent ClaimsMPEP 2159.02 New Ground of Rejection After AIA TransitionMPEP 2159.02Permitted Application Disclosing Only Earlier Invention Is Pre-AIAMPEP 2159.02 Requirement for Handling New Matter AmendmentsMPEP 2159.02
MPEP § 216	Examination of Foreign Application for Sufficiency and Claims BasisMPEP 216Required UK Provisional Specification Does Not Require Complete DisclosureMPEP 216Required Determine Identity of Invention Between U.S. and Foreign ApplicationsMPEP 216 Foreign Application Treated as Domestic FilingMPEP 216Permitted Requirement for Provisional and Complete SpecificationsMPEP 216Permitted Provisional Specification Requirement for UK FilingMPEP 216 Specification and Drawing Date for Foreign ApplicationsMPEP 216Permitted Filing Date Is Specification and Drawing DateMPEP 216
MPEP § 2161	Written Description Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2161 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161 Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2161 Written Description and Enablement RequirementMPEP 2161 Written Description Requirement Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2161 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161 Invention May Be Described Without Being EnablementMPEP 2161Permitted Specification Must Not Necessarily Enable InventionMPEP 2161 Best Mode Is a Separate Requirement from EnablementMPEP 2161
MPEP § 2161.01	Statutory Requirements for Computer-Implemented InventionsMPEP 2161.01 Claims with Computer-Implemented Functions May Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2161.01Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01 Requirement for All Claims Including OriginalsMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required Insufficient Disclosure of Function Means Requires Written Description RejectionMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Teach Full Scope Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01Required USPTO Must Establish Reasonable Basis for Questioning EnablementMPEP 2161.01Required Claims Must Be Construed Broadly If Not Structurally LimitedMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Enable Full Claim ScopeMPEP 2161.01Required Computer-Implemented Functional Claims Must Be Described SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Not Solely Describe One EmbodimentMPEP 2161.01Prohibited Written Description Requirement for Generic MethodsMPEP 2161.01 Enablement Requirement for All Claimed Subject MatterMPEP 2161.01 Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01 Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01Required Claims Must Be Less Than or Equal to EnablementMPEP 2161.01Required Claims Must Be Fully Enabled By SpecificationMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Invention SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01 Written Description for Genus Requires Species DisclosureMPEP 2161.01 Written Description Must Support GenusMPEP 2161.01 Requirement for Sufficient Written Description of InventionMPEP 2161.01 Original Claims May Not Always Satisfy Written Description RequirementMPEP 2161.01Prohibited Requirement for Complete Invention DescriptionMPEP 2161.01 Claim Language Must Avoid Generics and FunctionsMPEP 2161.01 Written Description Required for Functional Genus ClaimsMPEP 2161.01 Functional Claim Must Not Describe SpeciesMPEP 2161.01Permitted Specification Must Demonstrate Invented Species for Functionally-Defined GenusMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm for FunctionMPEP 2161.01Recommended Specification Must Describe Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Algorithm ClearlyMPEP 2161.01Permitted Specification Must Explain Inventor’s Intended Method to Achieve FunctionalityMPEP 2161.01Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2161.01 Written Description Must Be Provided for Computer-Implemented FunctionsMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Describe Computer and Algorithm SufficientlyMPEP 2161.01 Factors for Determining Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01 Enablement Requirement Determined by Wands FactorsMPEP 2161.01 Conclusion Reaches Weighing All FactorsMPEP 2161.01 Enablement Must Be Demonstrated Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 2161.01 Applicant Must Rebut Disclosure Insufficiency ChallengeMPEP 2161.01 Applicant Must Rebut Enablement ChallengeMPEP 2161.01 USPTO Personnel Must Question Enablement UncertaintyMPEP 2161.01Recommended Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2161.01 Claims Must Be Considered as Whole for EnablementMPEP 2161.01Recommended Specification Must Not Limit Claims To One MethodMPEP 2161.01 Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2161.01 Claims Must Be Supported By DescriptionMPEP 2161.01 Specification Must Not Support Expansive Claims Without Broad DisclosureMPEP 2161.01
MPEP § 2162	Written Description and Enablement Must Be ProvidedMPEP 2162Required Requirement for Full and Clear Description of InventionMPEP 2162Required Patentee Must Disclose Sufficient Information for Enablement and Written DescriptionMPEP 2162Required Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2162Prohibited Disclosure Must Justify Patent GrantMPEP 2162 Requirement for Adequate Written DescriptionMPEP 2162 Patent Grant Enhances Scientific KnowledgeMPEP 2162 Information in Patent Becomes Public Knowledge Post GrantMPEP 2162
MPEP § 2163	Specification Must Contain Detailed Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163Required Requirement for Describing Invention with Specific Biological Material DepositMPEP 2163Permitted Invention Must Be Described Clearly, Not Merely Rendered ObviousMPEP 2163Prohibited Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Permitted Requirement for Adequate Written Description SupportMPEP 2163Recommended Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2163Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function Claim LimitationsMPEP 2163Required Means-Plus-Function Claim Adequately DescribedMPEP 2163 Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Have Adequate DescriptionMPEP 2163Prohibited Claim Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163Required Description Varies With Invention Nature and KnowledgeMPEP 2163 Claim to Species Must Meet Written Description TestMPEP 2163Required Specification Cannot Solely Support Expansive ClaimsMPEP 2163Prohibited Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Requirement for Adequate Written Description of GenusMPEP 2163Required Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required Claim Limitation Must Be Supported In Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required Guidelines for Evaluating Patent Applications Under the Written Description RequirementMPEP 2163 Well-Established Terms Do Not Require Detailed DescriptionMPEP 2163Recommended Requirement for Determining Written Description ComplianceMPEP 2163 Review Basis for Lack of Written Description Before Repeating RejectionMPEP 2163 Requirement for Adequate Written Description After Applicant ResponseMPEP 2163 Affidavits for Written Description Must Be AnalyzedMPEP 2163Required Invention Must Have Described Structure Correlated to FunctionMPEP 2163Permitted Written Description Requirement for Genus-SpeciesMPEP 2163 Invention Must Be Described Completely Without Relying on Process for Product DescriptionMPEP 2163 Description Must Support Invention's FunctionMPEP 2163 Invention Must Be Described Clearly Without Relying Solely On FunctionMPEP 2163 Best Mode for Software Functions Not Requires Code ListingMPEP 2163 New or Amended Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Recommended Description Requirement Determined on a Case-by-Case BasisMPEP 2163Required Claim Support Must Be Demonstrated In Original DisclosureMPEP 2163Required Inquiry Primarily Factual on Nature of Invention and Knowledge ImpartedMPEP 2163 Invention Disclosure Must Be Sufficiently DetailedMPEP 2163Permitted Drawings May Provide Sufficient Written DescriptionMPEP 2163Required Generic Formulae Must Clearly Define Chemical ClaimsMPEP 2163 Invention Must Be Described Through Generic FormulaMPEP 2163Permitted Generic Formula Normally Sufficient for Genus DescriptionMPEP 2163 Invention Must Be Described In DetailMPEP 2163 Claimed Invention Must Be Described Regardless of TypeMPEP 2163 Factors for Showing Inventor Possession of InventionMPEP 2163 Factors for Determining Inventor Possession of InventionMPEP 2163 Factors for Determining Inventor’s Possession of InventionMPEP 2163 Art Maturity and Skill Level from PatentsMPEP 2163Recommended Highly Skilled Art Does Not Require Written Description Question for Original ClaimsMPEP 2163Recommended Specification Must Contain Separate Written DescriptionMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Specification Must Clearly Convey Invented Subject MatterMPEP 2163 Requirement to Describe Invention ClearlyMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Required Requirement for Adequate Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163 Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Invention Must Be Described Fully to Show PossessionMPEP 2163Permitted Requirement for Describing Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Required Nature of Invention Dependent on Description InquiryMPEP 2163 Requirement for Complete Invention DescriptionMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Written Description Must Verify Biological MaterialMPEP 2163Required Patent Description Must Aid Infringement ResolutionMPEP 2163Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Deposit Is Not a Substitute for Written DescriptionMPEP 2163 Description Must Be Complete for Deposited Biological MaterialsMPEP 2163 Omission of Limitation Raises Possession IssueMPEP 2163Permitted Omission of Essential Limitation Invalidates ClaimMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163 Claims Must Be Supported by Specific Invention LocationMPEP 2163 Claim Must Reflect Patent’s Essential DisclosureMPEP 2163 Claim Must Describe Critical FeatureMPEP 2163 Claims Must Be Supported by Described InventionMPEP 2163 Omission of Critical Features Invalidates Written DescriptionMPEP 2163 Examiner Must Establish Prima Facie Case of Inadequate Written DescriptionMPEP 2163 Examiner Must Clearly Explain Lack of SupportMPEP 2163 Examiner Must Identify Insufficient Combination DescriptionMPEP 2163Permitted Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2163 Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Be Adequately DescribedMPEP 2163 Specification Cannot Always Support Expansive Claim LanguageMPEP 2163 Inventor Must Be In Possession of Broad Claimed InventionMPEP 2163 Disclosure of Genus Requires Support for All SpeciesMPEP 2163 Requirement for Describing Genus with Representative SpeciesMPEP 2163 In Unpredictable Arts, Genus Must Be Described Through Multiple SpeciesMPEP 2163Prohibited Requirement for Sufficient Species DisclosureMPEP 2163 Written Description Requirement for Genus DiversityMPEP 2163Required Written Description Requirement for Genus SpeciesMPEP 2163 Description of Representative Species Not Required to Be SpecificMPEP 2163 Disclosure of Nucleic Acids for Amino Acid SequencesMPEP 2163 Amino Acid Sequence Sufficient for Nucleic AcidsMPEP 2163 Inherency Cannot Be Established by ProbabilitiesMPEP 2163Prohibited Inherent Properties Must Be Explicitly DescribedMPEP 2163Permitted Requirement for Explicit, Implicit, or Inherent Support of Claim LimitationsMPEP 2163 Requirement for Explicit, Implicit, or Inherent Support in DisclosureMPEP 2163 Specification Must Describe Invention’s Hidden CharacteristicsMPEP 2163 Each Claim Must Include All Described Essential ElementsMPEP 2163Required Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2163 Guidelines for Evaluating Patent Applications' Written Description RequirementMPEP 2163 Claims Must Describe Invention ClearlyMPEP 2163Recommended Claim Preamble Must Reflect Whole Claim ScopeMPEP 2163Permitted Claims Must Not Import Limitations from SpecificationMPEP 2163Prohibited Complete Patentability Determination Under All Title 35 ProvisionsMPEP 2163Required Do Not Repeat Description Rejection If AdequateMPEP 2163 Maintain Written Description Rejection If Insufficient EvidenceMPEP 2163
MPEP § 2163.01	Claim Must Be Described In Application As FiledMPEP 2163.01 Claim Must Conform to Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.01 Claim Support Must Not Be Based on New MatterMPEP 2163.01Recommended Amendments Must Not Add New DisclosureMPEP 2163.01 Same Analysis, Different Examining Procedures for Description and New Matter IssuesMPEP 2163.01
MPEP § 2163.02	Claims Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2163.02 Claim Description Not LiteralMPEP 2163.02 Amended Claims Must Be Described In ApplicationMPEP 2163.02Recommended
MPEP § 2163.03	Means-Plus-Function Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163.03 Claim Limitation Requires Corresponding StructureMPEP 2163.03Required Insufficient Corresponding Structure for Function ClaimedMPEP 2163.03Required Claims Entitled to Earlier Filing Date Under 35 U.S.C. 120MPEP 2163.03 Claims Entitled to Foreign Priority DateMPEP 2163.03Required Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2163.03Required Claim Limitation Requires Corresponding Structure Described in SpecificationMPEP 2163.03Required Claim Limitation Must Be Supported by StructureMPEP 2163.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.03 Earlier Filed Applications Must Provide Verbatim DisclosureMPEP 2163.03 Earlier Applications Must Provide Sufficient DisclosureMPEP 2163.03 Insufficient Genera and Subgenera DisclosureMPEP 2163.03 Prior Applications Must Provide Blaze Marks for Written Description SupportMPEP 2163.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier Application DisclosureMPEP 2163.03 No Adequate Blaze Marks for Written Description SupportMPEP 2163.03 Earlier Filed Applications Must Provide Sufficient Written Description for Later ClaimsMPEP 2163.03 Claims Must Be Supported by Corresponding Foreign ApplicationMPEP 2163.03
MPEP § 2163.04	Review Basis for Written Description Rejection Before RepeatingMPEP 2163.04 Maintain Written Description Rejection If Not SatisfiedMPEP 2163.04 Affidavits for Written Description Must Be AnalyzedMPEP 2163.04Required Do Not Repeat Written Description Rejection If SatisfiedMPEP 2163.04 Maintain Written Description Rejection If Insufficient EvidenceMPEP 2163.04
MPEP § 2163.05	Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163.05 Claim Limitations Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 2163.05Required Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05Permitted Claims Must Be Supported by As-Filed DisclosureMPEP 2163.05 Claim Must Specifically Disclose Each SpeciesMPEP 2163.05 Claim Must Describe Critical FeatureMPEP 2163.05 Claim Must Describe Suitable Aryl RadicalsMPEP 2163.05 Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05 Tapered Shape Not Essential for PatentabilityMPEP 2163.05 Claim Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2163.05 Claim Changes Must Be Supported by DisclosureMPEP 2163.05 Claimed Compound Requires Specific AmineMPEP 2163.05 Appellants Must Provide Imaginary Example to Show Specific DisclosureMPEP 2163.05Permitted Specific Example Disclosure Required for ClaimsMPEP 2163.05 Imagining Specific Examples Not Sufficient for DisclosureMPEP 2163.05 Claims Must Specifically Disclose All SpeciesMPEP 2163.05
MPEP § 2163.06	Claims Must Support Added Subject MatterMPEP 2163.06Recommended Claims Must Be Rejected If Specification Adds New MatterMPEP 2163.06Recommended Study Entire Application for New MatterMPEP 2163.06 Examiner Must Object to New Matter Added to DisclosureMPEP 2163.06Recommended Examiner Must Consider Added Claim Matter During Prior Art RejectionsMPEP 2163.06Recommended Support for Amendments Must Be Pointed OutMPEP 2163.06Recommended
MPEP § 2163.07(b)	Replacing Incorporated Text Is Not New MatterMPEP 2163.07(b) Specification May Incorporate External DocumentsMPEP 2163.07(b)Permitted Written Description Incorporation RequirementMPEP 2163.07(b)Recommended
MPEP § 2164	Specification Must Describe How to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164 Specification Must Describe How to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164Required Enablement Is Separate From Written DescriptionMPEP 2164 Claims Must Be Enabled by DescriptionMPEP 2164Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164 Invention Must Be Described ClearlyMPEP 2164 Description Must Permit Skilled Persons to Make and Use InventionMPEP 2164Prohibited Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2164 Enablement Separate From Written DescriptionMPEP 2164 Written Description Requirement Is Separate From EnablementMPEP 2164Permitted New Limitation Enablement Not Sole DeterminantMPEP 2164Prohibited
MPEP § 2164.01(a)	Wands Factors for Assessing EnablementMPEP 2164.01(a)Required Enablement Requirement for Full Scope of ClaimsMPEP 2164.01(a) Enablement Requirement for Screening Millions of AntibodiesMPEP 2164.01(a) Enablement Must Be Supported For Full Claim ScopeMPEP 2164.01(a)
MPEP § 2164.01(b)	Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.01(b) Disclosure of Other Methods Not Required for Claim ValidityMPEP 2164.01(b)Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.01(b)
MPEP § 2164.01(c)	Enablement for Dosage DeterminationMPEP 2164.01(c) Specification Must Describe How to Use InventionMPEP 2164.01(c) Dosage and Method Not Required If Known to ArtMPEP 2164.01(c) Safety Not Needed for InventionMPEP 2164.01(c)
MPEP § 2164.02	Enablement Not Dependent on Example DisclosureMPEP 2164.02 Requirement for Clear Example ResultsMPEP 2164.02Recommended Prophetic Examples Must Be Described in Future TenseMPEP 2164.02Permitted Working Example Based on Actual PerformanceMPEP 2164.02 Prophetic Example Description Not Past TenseMPEP 2164.02 Prophetic Examples Must Use Future/Present TenseMPEP 2164.02Recommended Disclosure of Prophetic Examples Must Be Clear and AccurateMPEP 2164.02Permitted Requirement for Actual Test Results After RejectionMPEP 2164.02Recommended Prophetic Examples Must Not Be Represented as Actual ResultsMPEP 2164.02 Prophetic Examples Must Be Supported by Actual ResultsMPEP 2164.02Recommended
MPEP § 2164.04	Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.04Required Examiner Must Establish Reasonable Basis for Questioning EnablementMPEP 2164.04Required Examiner Must Provide Reason for Doubting DisclosureMPEP 2164.04 Examiner Must Explain Doubts on EnablementMPEP 2164.04
MPEP § 2164.05(a)	Specification Must Be Understandable to Skilled PersonMPEP 2164.05(a) Art Defined by Problem, Not Technology AreaMPEP 2164.05(a)Recommended
MPEP § 2164.06(a)	Utility Requirement for Drug Cases Under Section 112(a)MPEP 2164.06(a) Specification Must Describe Computer Programming DetailsMPEP 2164.06(a) Insufficient Disclosure of InventionMPEP 2164.06(a) Public Depository Required for Biological ProductsMPEP 2164.06(a) Requirement for Proper Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2164.06(a) Specification Must Describe Parts and Interconnections ClearlyMPEP 2164.06(a)Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2164.06(a)Required Drawings Must Be Functionally Labeled Block DiagramsMPEP 2164.06(a) Drawings Must Functionally Label ElementsMPEP 2164.06(a) Specification Must Describe Block RelationshipsMPEP 2164.06(a) Selection and Assembly of Components Must Be Routinely Achievable by Skilled ArtisansMPEP 2164.06(a)Required Written Description for Living Biological Products RequiredMPEP 2164.06(a) Written Description and Enablement for Biological ProductsMPEP 2164.06(a) Written Description for Microorganisms RequiredMPEP 2164.06(a)Prohibited
MPEP § 2164.06(c)	Challenge Component Enablement If More Than Routine Experimentation RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c)Required Enablement Requirement for Pure Data Processing ApplicationsMPEP 2164.06(c) Program Listing and Prior Art Computer System Required for Block Diagram DisclosuresMPEP 2164.06(c)Required Adequate Computer System Disclosure RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c)Prohibited Requirement for Detailed Block Element AnalysisMPEP 2164.06(c) Examiner Must Analyze Block Elements for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended Examiner Must Analyze Block Elements for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended Requirement for Adequate Disclosure of Complex AssembliesMPEP 2164.06(c)Permitted Complex Block Diagram Components Require Detailed ImplementationMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended Enablement of Complex System Components Must Be DemonstratedMPEP 2164.06(c) Block Diagram Disclosure Must Be Detailed and InterrelatedMPEP 2164.06(c) Disclosure of Prior Art Computer System and Program Required for EnablementMPEP 2164.06(c) Detailed Program Steps Must Be Interrelated With Hardware ElementsMPEP 2164.06(c) Detailed Disclosure Required for Computer ProgramsMPEP 2164.06(c) Detailed Disclosure Required for Hardware-Software InterrelationshipsMPEP 2164.06(c) Specification Must Teach Method PracticeMPEP 2164.06(c)Required Specification Must Fully Teach How to Practice Method ClaimsMPEP 2164.06(c) Reasonable Challenge of Applicant Evidence Required for Nonenabling RejectionMPEP 2164.06(c)Recommended Adequate Computer System Disclosure RequiredMPEP 2164.06(c) Specification Must Fully Teach How to Practice Method ClaimsMPEP 2164.06(c)
MPEP § 2164.07	Requirement for Describing How to Use InventionMPEP 2164.07 Specification Must Describe How Invention Can Be UsedMPEP 2164.07Required Disclosure of Utility Does Not Guarantee Compliance with 112(a)MPEP 2164.07 Claims Must Be Supported by UtilityMPEP 2164.07Recommended Enablement Fails Without UtilityMPEP 2164.07 Nonuseful Subject Matter Requires Both Utility and Enablement RejectionsMPEP 2164.07Recommended Invention Must Be UsefulMPEP 2164.07Recommended Utility Requirement for 35 U.S.C. 112(a) RejectionMPEP 2164.07Recommended Utility Requirement for 101 RejectionMPEP 2164.07Recommended Utility Requirement for 35 U.S.C. 101 RejectionMPEP 2164.07Required Burden Shifts to Applicant to Rebut Utility AssertionMPEP 2164.07Required Enablement Must Be Demonstrated for Useful InventionMPEP 2164.07 Rejections Based on 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and 101 RequiredMPEP 2164.07Recommended Invention Must Have Specific UseMPEP 2164.07 Specification Cannot Teach How to Use Useless CompositionsMPEP 2164.07Prohibited Enablement Fails If InoperativeMPEP 2164.07 Amount of Utility Evidence Varies Depending on Claimed UtilityMPEP 2164.07 Evidence Must Likely Prove UtilityMPEP 2164.07 Enablement Must Be Demonstrated for Useful InventionMPEP 2164.07 Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2164.07Permitted Enablement Must Describe Invention UsefullyMPEP 2164.07 Burden on Examiner to Support Lack of Utility RejectionMPEP 2164.07
MPEP § 2164.08	Dependent Claim Must Further Limit Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08Recommended Claim Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08 Claims Do Not Need To Include Obvious FactorsMPEP 2164.08Required Breadth of Claims Must Be Supported By EnablementMPEP 2164.08 Enablement Evaluated Against Claimed Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08 Use Wands Factors to Assess EnablementMPEP 2164.08Required Claim Scope Must Be Reasonably EnabledMPEP 2164.08 Enablement of Full Claim Scope RequiredMPEP 2164.08 Determine Claimed Subject Matter for Enablement AnalysisMPEP 2164.08 Claimed Range Must Be Reasonably EnabledMPEP 2164.08Required Warning Against Exceeding Silicon ContentMPEP 2164.08 Claims Must Be Considered as a WholeMPEP 2164.08Recommended Claims Must Cover Full Scope of InventionMPEP 2164.08Recommended Dependent Claims Must Further Limit Subject MatterMPEP 2164.08Required Disclosure Can Be Specific Or BroadMPEP 2164.08Permitted Specification Must Describe How to Practice InventionMPEP 2164.08 Claims Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08 Claims Must Be Supported by EnablementMPEP 2164.08 Claims Must Be Supported By EnablementMPEP 2164.08Required Claims Must Be Supported By Enablement For Full ScopeMPEP 2164.08Required Claims Exceeding Threshold Require Full EnablementMPEP 2164.08 Claims Must Be Enabled For Full ScopeMPEP 2164.08Required
MPEP § 2164.08(a)	Single Means Claim Is NonenablingMPEP 2164.08(a) Claim Covers Every Structure for Stated PropertyMPEP 2164.08(a)
MPEP § 2164.08(c)	Claim Must Include Critical Features Taught In SpecificationMPEP 2164.08(c)Recommended Unclaimed Critical Feature Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2164.08(c) Entire Disclosure Must Be Considered for Critical Features Not ClaimedMPEP 2164.08(c)Required Preferred Features Not CriticalMPEP 2164.08(c)
MPEP § 2165	Best Mode Requirement for Applications Filed On Or After September 16, 2012MPEP 2165 Written Description Must Be CompleteMPEP 2165 Best Mode Must Not Invalidate PatentMPEP 2165Prohibited Best Mode Not Altering Examining PracticesMPEP 2165 Disclosure Must Comply With Pre-AIA 112 First ParagraphMPEP 2165Required Disclosure Must Comply with Pre-AIA 112, Except Best ModeMPEP 2165Required Disclosure Not Needed Unless Filing Date CriticalMPEP 2165 Best Mode Must Be Disclosed In Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2165 Best Mode Disclosure Not Needed for Examining ProcedureMPEP 2165Recommended Consult Supervisor If Earlier Application Lacks Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 2165Recommended
MPEP § 2165.01	No Requirement to Update Best Mode for Priority ApplicationsMPEP 2165.01Required
MPEP § 2165.02	Best Mode Is Required Separately From EnablementMPEP 2165.02 Best Mode Requirement Not Triggered by Lack of Mode DescriptionMPEP 2165.02
MPEP § 2165.04	Known Methods Not Required for Best ModeMPEP 2165.04 Known Methods Do Not Need to Be Disclosed Without IntentMPEP 2165.04Prohibited Unintentional Omission of Known Methods Does Not Violate Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04 Unintentional Omission of Crane Use Not Violating Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04 Unintentional Omission of Known Information Does Not Violate Best Mode RequirementMPEP 2165.04
MPEP § 2166	Requirement for Written Description and Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 2166 Utility Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 2166 Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2166Recommended
MPEP § 217	Notification of New Matter Added to Disclosure and ClaimsMPEP 217Required Notification of Non-Compliant AmendmentMPEP 217Permitted
MPEP § 2171	Claims Must Particularly Point Out InventionMPEP 2171Required Patent Applied for Inventors OnlyMPEP 2171 Claims Must Particularly Point Out InventionMPEP 2171 Requirement for Clarifying Indefiniteness or Invention Scope in 112(b) RejectionsMPEP 2171Recommended Claims Must Define Subject Matter ClearlyMPEP 2171Required Specification Must Describe Invention SubjectivelyMPEP 2171 Claims Must Specifically Describe Invention as Regarded by InventorMPEP 2171
MPEP § 2172	Requirement for Claims to Correspond with SpecificationMPEP 2172 Claims Must Correspond to Inventor’s InventionMPEP 2172 Inventor Can Modify View of Invention During PendencyMPEP 2172 Claims Must Correspond to Inventor’s View of InventionMPEP 2172Permitted Specification Content Is Not Used as Evidence of Claim Scope MismatchMPEP 2172 Continuation Application Can Receive Parent Filing DateMPEP 2172
MPEP § 2172.01	Requirement for Claiming Inventor’s Subject MatterMPEP 2172.01 Claims Must Include All Invention ElementsMPEP 2172.01Permitted Claim Must Describe Invention AdequatelyMPEP 2172.01Recommended Claim Must Interrelate Invention Elements as Defined in SpecificationMPEP 2172.01Permitted Claim Elements Do Not Need Concurrent FunctionalityMPEP 2172.01 Claims Must Include All Invented FeaturesMPEP 2172.01Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2172.01 Claim Must Interrelate Invention ElementsMPEP 2172.01 Unclaimed Essential Subject Matter Must Be DescribedMPEP 2172.01 Non-Essential Features Are Illustrative OnlyMPEP 2172.01 Determining Criticality of Unclaimed Features in SpecificationMPEP 2172.01Required Omitting Features Not CriticalMPEP 2172.01 Claims Must Include All Invented FeaturesMPEP 2172.01
MPEP § 2173	Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the InventionMPEP 2173Required Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the InventionMPEP 2173 Definiteness Requirement for ClaimsMPEP 2173Required Claim Must Be Definite Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173 Requirement for Clear Claim LanguageMPEP 2173Permitted Claims Must Clearly Define BoundariesMPEP 2173Required Claims Must Be Clear and DefiniteMPEP 2173 Requirement for Clear Claim BoundariesMPEP 2173Required
MPEP § 2173.01	Applicants Define Claim TermsMPEP 2173.01 Claim Limitations Must Be Construed AccordinglyMPEP 2173.01Recommended Claim Limitation Must Cover Corresponding StructureMPEP 2173.01Required Claim Limitations Must Be Construed to Cover Corresponding StructureMPEP 2173.01 Inventor Can Define Claim TermsMPEP 2173.01Permitted Applicant May Use Functional Language for ClaimsMPEP 2173.01Permitted Claims Must Not Be Rejected Based on Language TypeMPEP 2173.01Prohibited
MPEP § 2173.02	Claim Terms Must Be Understandable to Skilled ArtisansMPEP 2173.02 Claim Must Be Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.02 Genus Claim Must Clearly Define Species CoveredMPEP 2173.02 Requirement for Clear and Precise Claim LanguageMPEP 2173.02 Flexibility in Claim Language as Long as Definiteness is MetMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claim Must Apprise Art of Its ScopeMPEP 2173.02Required Claim Must Apprise One of Ordinary Skill in ArtMPEP 2173.02Required Claim Must Be Clear to Avoid InfringementMPEP 2173.02 Claim Must Be Definite to Avoid Infringement AmbiguityMPEP 2173.02Prohibited Examiner Must Clearly Explain Indefiniteness RejectionsMPEP 2173.02Recommended Rationales for Claim Rejections Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.02Permitted Claims Must Be Clear and Precise for Proper ExaminationMPEP 2173.02Prohibited Examiner Must Provide Clear Indefiniteness RationaleMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claim Language Must Be Clear and PreciseMPEP 2173.02 Examiner Must Withdraw Rejection If Persuaded by Applicant’s Arguments or AmendmentsMPEP 2173.02Recommended Cosmetic § 112 Amendments Do Not Raise EstoppelMPEP 2173.02 Examiner Must Provide Explicit Reasoning for Rejections Related to Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.02Recommended Interview to Resolve 112 IssuesMPEP 2173.02Permitted Claim Term Clarity and Specification Consistency Must Be Resolved During InterviewMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claim Terms Given Ordinary MeaningMPEP 2173.02 Claim Must Be Dimensionally Described For InsertionMPEP 2173.02 Claim Terms Given Ordinary MeaningMPEP 2173.02 Claim Language Must Reflect Variable Automobile SizesMPEP 2173.02 Dimensions Must Be Easily ObtainableMPEP 2173.02 Claim Terms Given Art-Specific MeaningsMPEP 2173.02Prohibited Claim Terms Must Be Clear and UnderstandableMPEP 2173.02 Claim Must Clearly Define InventionMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claim Must Be Clear and DefiniteMPEP 2173.02Permitted Claim Breadth vs IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.02 Breadth Does Not Make Claim Indefinite If Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.02 Claim Boundaries Must Be Clearly DelineatedMPEP 2173.02 Genus Claim Is Not Indefinite Due to BreadthMPEP 2173.02 Claims Must Define Patentable Subject Matter With ParticularityMPEP 2173.02Required Examiners Should Suggest But Not Insist on Claim Language ImprovementsMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claim Must Apprise Art of ScopeMPEP 2173.02 Consideration of Claim Limitations TogetherMPEP 2173.02Required Examiner Must Ensure Complete Patentability PictureMPEP 2173.02 Examiner Must Explain Indefiniteness BasisMPEP 2173.02 Claims Must Be Precise, Clear, Correct, and UnambiguousMPEP 2173.02Recommended Claims Must Be Precise and Clear During Administrative ProcessMPEP 2173.02Permitted Claims Must Be Precise and ClearMPEP 2173.02 Inadequate Response Leads to Final Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.02Permitted Examiner Must Provide Clear Basis for Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.02 Examiner May Suggest Claim Improvements But Not InsistMPEP 2173.02Recommended Examiner Must Explain Actions Taken to Clarify Prosecution HistoryMPEP 2173.02 Clear and Complete Prosecution File Record RequiredMPEP 2173.02 Narrowing Amendment May Create EstoppelMPEP 2173.02Permitted Necessary §112 Amendment Narrows Scope May EstopMPEP 2173.02Permitted Requirement for Clear Reasoning on Narrowing AmendmentsMPEP 2173.02 Narrowing Amendment Presumes Full SurrenderMPEP 2173.02Recommended Interview Content Must Be Recorded In ApplicationMPEP 2173.02Required Requirement for Recording Interview AgreementsMPEP 2173.02
MPEP § 2173.04	Claims Must Be Supported by Inventor StatementsMPEP 2173.04 Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.04 Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.04Permitted Claim Too Broad If Reads on Prior ArtMPEP 2173.04
MPEP § 2173.05	Topics for Issues Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05 Specific Topics for Section 112(b) GuidanceMPEP 2173.05Permitted Requirement for Complying with 35 U.S.C. 112(b) When 112(f) AppliesMPEP 2173.05 Requirement for Antecedent Basis in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05 Results Are Determined by Case FactsMPEP 2173.05 Language Use May Justify Different Results Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b)MPEP 2173.05Permitted
MPEP § 2173.05(a)	Claims Must Reasonably Apprise Artists of Invention Utilization and ScopeMPEP 2173.05(a) Claim Terms Must Be Clearly DefinedMPEP 2173.05(a) Clarity and Precision for New TermsMPEP 2173.05(a) Precision Requirement for New TerminologyMPEP 2173.05(a)Required Clarity and Precision of Language RequiredMPEP 2173.05(a)Required Examiner Must Provide Reasons for Indefiniteness and Suggest AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(a)Recommended Patentee Can Define Own TermsMPEP 2173.05(a)Permitted Written Description Must Clarify Claim TermsMPEP 2173.05(a)Required
MPEP § 2173.05(b)	Claim Language Acceptability Not Dependent on Degree TermsMPEP 2173.05(b) Claim Scope Must Be Clear Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(b) Relative Terminology Does Not Automatically Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(b) Claim Language Must Be Clear to One of Ordinary Skill in the ArtMPEP 2173.05(b) Claim Language Acceptability Depends on Intrinsic RecordMPEP 2173.05(b) Specification Must Describe Term Self-Similar ClearlyMPEP 2173.05(b) Claim Term Scope Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(b) Claim Scope Must Be Clear When Read With SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(b)
MPEP § 2173.05(c)	Narrow Ranges in Single Claim Cause IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended Narrower Range in Dependent Claims AllowedMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted Claim Must Clearly Define Numerical RangesMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted Examples and Preferences Must Be Described in SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(c) Narrow Range May Be Stated Elsewhere In ClaimMPEP 2173.05(c)Permitted Claims Must Clearly Define BoundariesMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended Narrow Numerical Range May Render Claim IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(c) Narrower Claim Range PermittedMPEP 2173.05(c)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.05(d)	Examples and Preferences May Lead to Claim AmbiguityMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended Indefinite Claim Language Not Per Se RulesMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended Examples Should Not Be In ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(d) Claims Must Clearly Set BoundariesMPEP 2173.05(d)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.05(e)	Body Elements Not Preamble Render IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(e) Preamble Must Include Critical ElementsMPEP 2173.05(e) Claim Must Apprise One of Ordinary Skill of Its ScopeMPEP 2173.05(e)Required Preamble Not Required to Include All Claim ElementsMPEP 2173.05(e) Consider Claim Limitations Together for IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(e)Required
MPEP § 2173.05(f)	Claim Can Refer to Another Claim LimitationMPEP 2173.05(f)Recommended Reference to Another Claim is Acceptable Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(f) Dependent Claim Must Comply with Section 112(d)MPEP 2173.05(f)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.05(g)	Functional Limitation Allowed by LawMPEP 2173.05(g) Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2173.05(g)Prohibited Claims Must Not Be Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(g) Claims Must Clearly Define Invention ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g) Support Requirement for Functional LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(g)Recommended Claim Term Must Describe Function Rather Than StructureMPEP 2173.05(g) Invention Can Be Defined FunctionallyMPEP 2173.05(g) Functional Language Does Not Render Claims ImproperMPEP 2173.05(g) Functional Language May Limit Claims Without Means-Plus-Function FormatMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted Functional Language Often Requires Structural DescriptionMPEP 2173.05(g) Claim Term Defined by Function Must Include StructureMPEP 2173.05(g) Patent Applicant Can Recite Apparatus Features Structurally or FunctionallyMPEP 2173.05(g) Claim Must Clearly Define ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted Claims Must Clearly Define ScopeMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted Claims Must Not Be Indefinite Due to Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g) Claims Must Not Use Functional Language Without Structural DetailsMPEP 2173.05(g)Permitted Claim Must Not Be Indefinite Due to Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g) Claim Must Not Be Indefinite Through Functional LanguageMPEP 2173.05(g)
MPEP § 2173.05(h)	Alternative Limitations Acceptable for ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(h)Recommended Alternative Limitations Not Governed by FormatMPEP 2173.05(h) Claim Requires Closed List of AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(h)Recommended Breadth of Markush Claim Not Necessarily IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted Claim with Markush Groups May Be Indefinite if Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(h)Prohibited Claim for Indefiniteness When Markush Group Is Too BroadMPEP 2173.05(h) Optionally Clause Can Cause IndefinitenessMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted Format of Claim Alternatives Does Not MatterMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted Requirement for Markush Grouping in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(h) Definition of Markush Claim AlternativesMPEP 2173.05(h) Selection Must Be From Closed ListMPEP 2173.05(h) Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h) Improper Markush Language Is IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(h) Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingsMPEP 2173.05(h) Pending Claims Require Specific LanguageMPEP 2173.05(h) Claim Can Include Combinations of Alternatives in Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h)Permitted Claim Must Use Closed Markush GroupingMPEP 2173.05(h) Markush Group May Be Too Broad to Determine Metes and BoundsMPEP 2173.05(h)Prohibited Optionally Language Clarification for Alternative LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(h) Optionally Included Components Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(h) Optional Alternatives Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(h)
MPEP § 2173.05(i)	Claim Can Use Negative LimitationsMPEP 2173.05(i) Negative Limitations Must Have Basis In DisclosureMPEP 2173.05(i)Recommended Negative Limitations Must Be ClearMPEP 2173.05(i) Negative Limitation Is Not PermittedMPEP 2173.05(i) Negative Limitations Must Have Original Disclosure BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Required Specification Describes Alternative Elements CompletelyMPEP 2173.05(i)Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2173.05(i) Specification Must Describe Alternative Features Without Articulating Advantages or DisadvantagesMPEP 2173.05(i) Negative Limitations Must Have Basis In SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(i) Negative Limitations Must Have Specification BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Prohibited Disclosure Must Reasonably Convey Possession of InventionMPEP 2173.05(i)Required Negative Limitations Must Have Disclosure BasisMPEP 2173.05(i)Permitted Claims Must Have Basis in SpecificationMPEP 2173.05(i)
MPEP § 2173.05(j)	Claims Must Comply with Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(j)Recommended Claim Complies with 112 Second ParagraphMPEP 2173.05(j) Rejection Based on Old Combination No Longer ValidMPEP 2173.05(j) Proper Basis for Old Combination Rejection Determined by Statutory LanguageMPEP 2173.05(j) Congress Removed Rationale for Old Combination RejectionMPEP 2173.05(j) Claims Must Not Be Rejected on Old Combination GroundsMPEP 2173.05(j)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.05(n)	Claims Must Not Be Repetitious and ConfusingMPEP 2173.05(n)Permitted Judicious Application of Multiplicity RejectionsMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Examiner Must Contact Applicant for Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Examiner Must Request Claim Selection for Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Undue Multiplicity Rejection If Applicant Refuses CallMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Claim Multiplicity Should Not Be ExcessiveMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Claim Repetition Should Not Be Used to ConfuseMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Reasonable Claim Multiplicity RequiredMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Examiner Must Contact Applicant for Claim Selection During Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n) Examiner Requests Claim Selection for ExaminationMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Selection of Claims for Examination RequiredMPEP 2173.05(n)Prohibited Examiner Must Repeat Undue Multiplicity RejectionMPEP 2173.05(n)Recommended Requirement for Reviewing Undue Multiplicity Rejection by PTABMPEP 2173.05(n)
MPEP § 2173.05(p)	Claim May Reference Process Without Being Objectionable Under Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(p)Permitted Claim Must Not Include Both Apparatus and Method StepsMPEP 2173.05(p) Claim Directed to Product-By-Process or Product and ProcessMPEP 2173.05(p)Required Claim Must Focus on System Capabilities Not User ActionsMPEP 2173.05(p)Permitted Proper Product-By-Process ClaimMPEP 2173.05(p) Claim to Product May Reference ProcessMPEP 2173.05(p) Claim Must Not Mix System and User ActionsMPEP 2173.05(p) Claim Directed to System and User Actions IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(p) Claim Must Focus on System CapabilitiesMPEP 2173.05(p)
MPEP § 2173.05(q)	Claim Must Set Forth Process StepsMPEP 2173.05(q) Claim Must Recite Steps Under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(q) Requirement for Indefinite Claims Under 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(q) Utilizing Step Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q) Process Without Steps Is IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q) Requirement for Claim Within Statutory Classes Under 101MPEP 2173.05(q) Definite Use Claim Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(q) Claim Must Clearly Recite Utilizing StepMPEP 2173.05(q)
MPEP § 2173.05(r)	Omnibus Claim Is Not AllowedMPEP 2173.05(r)Recommended Omnibus Claims Do Not Comply With Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(r) Omnibus Claim Is Not Compliant With Section 112(b)MPEP 2173.05(r)
MPEP § 2173.05(t)	Claim for Chemical Compound Not Indefinite Without Full StructureMPEP 2173.05(t) Claim for Chemical Compound Not Indefinite Without Full StructureMPEP 2173.05(t) Claim for Chemical Compound Not IndefiniteMPEP 2173.05(t) Compound May Be Named DescriptivelyMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted Compound May Be Claimed By Name Or CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t) Claim by Physical and Chemical CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted Compound May Be Claimed By Physical and Chemical CharacteristicsMPEP 2173.05(t) Process for Making Compound Allowed Without Indefiniteness IssueMPEP 2173.05(t)Permitted
MPEP § 2173.05(u)	Trademark Use in Claims Not ImproperMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended Trade Name as Limitation Not AllowedMPEP 2173.05(u) Claim Must Not Cause Scope ConfusionMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended Trademark vs Goods Description in ClaimsMPEP 2173.05(u) Claims Must Not Use Trade NamesMPEP 2173.05(u) Trademark Cannot Describe ProductMPEP 2173.05(u)Prohibited Trademark Cannot Describe ProductMPEP 2173.05(u) Support Required for Generic Terms Replaced from Trade NamesMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended Claim Must Address Non-Limiting Trademark PresenceMPEP 2173.05(u)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.05(v)	Process Claims Not Rejected on Inherent FunctionMPEP 2173.05(v) Process Claims Not Rejected Solely on Inherent FunctionMPEP 2173.05(v) Process Claims Not Rejected for Inherent Function of Disclosed ApparatusMPEP 2173.05(v)Recommended
MPEP § 2173.06	Claim Term Indefiniteness Rejection and Prior ArtMPEP 2173.06Recommended Claim Must Be Interpreted for Indefiniteness and Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2173.06 First Approach Avoids Piecemeal Examination and Improves Prior Art AppreciationMPEP 2173.06Permitted Claim Term Interpretation for Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2173.06 Examiner Must Reject Each Claim on All Reasonable GroundsMPEP 2173.06Recommended Examiner Must Reject Each Claim on All Valid GroundsMPEP 2173.06Recommended Proper Claim Interpretation for Prior Art RejectionMPEP 2173.06 Rejection Based on Speculation ProhibitedMPEP 2173.06Required
MPEP § 2174	Specification and Claims Must Meet Separate StandardsMPEP 2174 Claim Support RequirementMPEP 2174Recommended Claims Must Include Cooling Zone LocationMPEP 2174 Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2174Permitted Claims Must Describe Entire InventionMPEP 2174 Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2174Permitted Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2174 Claims Must Specify Cooling Step or LocationMPEP 2174
MPEP § 2175	Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second ParagraphMPEP 2175 Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) Must Use Specified ParagraphsMPEP 2175Recommended
MPEP § 2181	Guidelines for Examining Means or Step Plus Function Limitations in ClaimsMPEP 2181 Guidelines for Examining Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Claim Terms Must Be Construed Broadly Consistent With SpecificationMPEP 2181Required Determining Whether Claim Invokes 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended Application of 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Driven by Claim LanguageMPEP 2181 BRI Construes Means-Plus-Function BroadlyMPEP 2181Permitted Claim Limitations Must Be Construed BroadlyMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Presumed to Invoke Means/Step ProvisionMPEP 2181 Structure Required for Means ClauseMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Without Means/Step Presumes No 112(f)MPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Structure RequirementMPEP 2181 Requirement for Means Clause Analysis Under 112(f)MPEP 2181 Examiner Must State 112(f) Interpretation in Office ActionMPEP 2181Recommended Requirement for Explaining Non-112(f) Treatment of Means/Step LimitationsMPEP 2181Required Option for Avoiding 112(f) Interpretation in ClaimsMPEP 2181Permitted Unclear Claim Limitation May Be Rejected Under 112(b)MPEP 2181Permitted Claim Without Means Presumes No 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181 Claim Element Without 'Means' Triggers Non-112(f) PresumptionMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Limitation Using Generic Placeholder Invokes 35 U.S.C. 112(f)MPEP 2181Permitted Claim Element Without Means Step Presumes Non-112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Definite StructuresMPEP 2181 Term Not Required to Denote Specific StructureMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Definite StructuresMPEP 2181 Terms Must Connote Structure to Avoid 112(f)MPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Be Amended to Invoke Means/StepMPEP 2181Required Claim Limitations Must Be Explicitly Stated as Means-plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited Claim Limitation Can Trigger 112(f) Without Explicit MeansMPEP 2181 Claim Elements Without Explicit Step-Plus-Function Language May Still Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Permitted Requirement for Means-Plus-Function Limitations When Using 'Step For'MPEP 2181 When Step Alone Does Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181 Requirement for Clear Preamble InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted Non-112(f) Claims Not Limited to Specified StructureMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Does Not Invoke Means If No Specific FunctionMPEP 2181 Function Without Acts Not Invoking Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181 Function Must Be Linked to Specific StructureMPEP 2181Permitted Function Without Structural Limitations Does Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181 Means Term Without Function Rebutts 112(f) InvocationMPEP 2181 Function Must Be Recited for Means ClauseMPEP 2181Prohibited Claim Limitation Using Means Must Recite a FunctionMPEP 2181 Claim Element Must Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181 Spring Means Invokes Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Using Means Must Be Structurally DefinedMPEP 2181 Claim Step for Must Be Sufficiently DefinedMPEP 2181 Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181 Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted Structural Modifier Prevents Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181 Non-Structural Modifier Invokes 112(f)MPEP 2181Permitted Means-Plus-Function for Colorant Selection MechanismMPEP 2181 Generic Placeholder Without Structural Modifier Requires Means-Plus-Function AnalysisMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Be Modified by Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181 Requirement for Element-by-Element 112(f) AnalysisMPEP 2181 Not All Terms in Means-Plus-Function Are Limited to DescriptionMPEP 2181 Each Claim Must Be Independently Reviewed for 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181Required Each Claim Must Be Independently Reviewed for 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181Required Claim Limitation Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe High Voltage Generating MeansMPEP 2181 Claim Requires Explicit Structure DescriptionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Adequate Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Written in Means-Plus-Function Language Meets Definiteness Requirement If Specification Satisfies Description RequirementMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Does Not Waive Description and DefinitenessMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Does Not Waive Description RequirementsMPEP 2181Prohibited Written Description Not Required for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Required Drawings May Provide Written Description of InventionMPEP 2181Required Claim May Be Indefinite When 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Analysis Is AmbiguousMPEP 2181Recommended Opportunity to Clarify Claim Interpretation During Application ProcessMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Computer FunctionMPEP 2181Required Microprocessor as Computer Function StructureMPEP 2181Permitted Structure Must Include Algorithm for Computer-Implemented FunctionMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented MeansMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Computer FunctionalityMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Coordinating Function AlgorithmMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Permitted Means-Plus-Function Limitation Requires Hardware Or Software ImplementationMPEP 2181Required Claim Including Software Only Is IndefiniteMPEP 2181Required Insufficient Supporting Structure or Algorithm RejectionMPEP 2181 Claim Lack of Structure Also Means No Written DescriptionMPEP 2181 Enablement Requirement for Claims with 112(f) LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended Structure Must Be Clearly Linked to FunctionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181Required Structure Must Be Clearly Linked to FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited Examiner Must Determine Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 2181Required Claimed Function Must Be Clearly Linked to StructureMPEP 2181Required Written Description Must Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181 Requirement for Clear Structure DisclosureMPEP 2181Permitted Claimed Function Must Be Clearly Linked to Disclosed StructureMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation May Be Indefinite When 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Analysis Is AmbiguousMPEP 2181Recommended Opportunity to Clarify Claim Interpretation During ExaminationMPEP 2181 Requirement for Identifying Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited Requirement for Identifying Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Must Cover Described StructureMPEP 2181Required Functional Limitations Must Correspond to DescriptionMPEP 2181Prohibited Requirement for Describing Corresponding Structure When Means-Plus-Function Is UsedMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Invention AdequatelyMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for FunctionMPEP 2181Required Written Description Requirement for Function Claim SupportMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Structure BroadlyMPEP 2181Required Means-Plus-Function Claims Require Adequate DisclosureMPEP 2181Prohibited Inadequate Means-Plus-Function Disclosure Fails Written Description and EnablementMPEP 2181Permitted Claim Lack of Structure Also Means No Written DescriptionMPEP 2181 Enablement Requirement for Claims with 112(f) LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended Means-Plus-Function Claim Must Have Adequate SupportMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Invention Sufficiently for Claim SupportMPEP 2181Required Enablement Requirement Separate from Written DescriptionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Include Original Claims, Abstract, and DrawingsMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Explicitly State Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function Claim ElementsMPEP 2181Prohibited Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181Prohibited System Placeholder Invokes Section 112(f)MPEP 2181 Each Function Is a Separate Section 112(f) LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended System Configured to Compare Pixel ValuesMPEP 2181 Examiner Must Specify Means-Plus-Function InterpretationMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Limitation Presumed to Invoke Means-Plus-Function When Using 'Means' and Functional Language Without Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Specify Corresponding Structure When Applying 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended Means Clause Presumes 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2181 Rebuttable Presumptions for 35 U.S.C. 112(f)MPEP 2181Recommended Examiners Must Apply Presumption and Prong Analysis for Functional Claim LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Limitation Must Be Interpreted Under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) Explicitly StatedMPEP 2181Recommended Notification of Claim Construction During ProsecutionMPEP 2181Permitted Allowance Explanation for 112(f) ClaimsMPEP 2181Recommended Specification Must Describe Structure Performing FunctionMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Limitations Require Narrower InterpretationMPEP 2181 Single Means Claims Do Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181Prohibited Single Means Claim Must Be Enabled by SpecificationMPEP 2181Recommended Algorithm for Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181Required Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181 Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Microprocessor to Special Purpose ComputerMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181 Algorithm Must Transform General Purpose Computer to Special PurposeMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose DeviceMPEP 2181 Algorithm Must Be Described SufficientlyMPEP 2181Permitted Specification Must Describe Algorithm Transforming General Purpose Computer to Special Purpose DeviceMPEP 2181 Patent Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function Claim TermsMPEP 2181Permitted Sufficient Structure Must Be Disclosed for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181 Patentee Must Disclose Specific Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181Prohibited Patentee Must Disclose Sufficient Algorithm StructureMPEP 2181 Specification Must Explicitly Disclose Algorithm for Claimed FunctionMPEP 2181Required Algorithms Must Be Explicitly Disclosed For Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181 Examiners Must Interpret Claim Terms Consistently with SpecificationMPEP 2181Recommended Applicants Must Define Inventions Precisely During USPTO ProceedingsMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Be Construed Broadly Consistent With SpecificationMPEP 2181 Patentee Cannot Expand Claims Through Equivalents After Failing to Broaden During ProsecutionMPEP 2181Prohibited Claim Language Must Specify Exact Structure Performing Function Without Resorting to SpecificationMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Without Means Presumes No 112(f) InvokedMPEP 2181 Examiner Must Consider Whether Presumption Is Overcome for Non-Means Claim LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Limitation Without Means/Step Presumes Non-112(f)MPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Have Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Using Generic Placeholder Triggers 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181Permitted Every Case Turns on Its Own Facts for 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181 Terms Must Connote StructureMPEP 2181 Terms Naming Structures Perform Functions Not GenericMPEP 2181 Code and Application Terms Do Not Invoke 112(f)MPEP 2181 Terms Not Generic Invoking 112(f)MPEP 2181 Claim Terms Not Generic When Structurally DefinedMPEP 2181 Terms Not Requiring Structural InterpretationMPEP 2181 Claim Element Without Explicit Step Language May Invoke Means-plus-functionMPEP 2181Recommended Method Claim Element Corresponds to Ultimate AccomplishmentMPEP 2181 Claim Element Function Without Step LanguageMPEP 2181 Preamble Stating Intended Use Does Not Constitute Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181Recommended Claim Element Defined by Function Not StructureMPEP 2181Required Process Claims Not Step-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Function Not Structure Invokes Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181 Result in Preamble Does Not Convert Steps to Step-Plus-Function ClausesMPEP 2181 Steps of Passing Not Individually Linked to FunctionsMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Recite FunctionMPEP 2181Required Generic Placeholder Must Not Describe Sufficient StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited Means Clause Not Always Subject to 112, 6th ParagraphMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Not Always Limited to Disclosed EmbodimentsMPEP 2181 Method Claims Not Subject to 112(f) If Language Similar to Apparatus ClaimsMPEP 2181 Non-112(f) Claims Not Interpreted as Means/Step-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe High Voltage Generating CircuitMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe High-Voltage MeansMPEP 2181Permitted Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Permitted Structure Required for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181Permitted Claim Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Permitted Claimed Function Requires Explicit Structure DescriptionMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Written in Means-Plus-Function Language Must Have Adequate Structure DisclosedMPEP 2181 Claims Must Accurately Define InventionMPEP 2181Required Written Description Requirement for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Structure Disclosure for Means-Plus-Function Limitations May Be ImplicitMPEP 2181Required Written Description Required for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Computer FunctionMPEP 2181 Algorithm Required for General-Purpose ComputersMPEP 2181Permitted Microprocessor Function Must Be CoextensiveMPEP 2181 Special Programming Requirement for Non-Coextensive FunctionsMPEP 2181 Microprocessor for Basic Computer-Implemented FunctionsMPEP 2181 Microprocessor Lends Sufficient Structure Only to Basic FunctionsMPEP 2181 Algorithm Required for Non-Coextensive Computer FunctionsMPEP 2181 Microprocessor Function Must Be CoextensiveMPEP 2181 General Purpose Computer as Structure for Function Claim Requires AlgorithmMPEP 2181 Means for Performing Computer-Implemented Function Must Include AlgorithmMPEP 2181 Computer-Implemented Function Requires AlgorithmMPEP 2181 Structure Must Include Algorithm for Computer-Implemented FunctionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-plus-function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Symbol Generation AlgorithmMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Algorithm for Computer-Implemented MeansMPEP 2181 Specification Must Explain Computer FunctionMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Computer Functionality In DetailMPEP 2181 Algorithm Must Define Structure ClearlyMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm for All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181Required Algorithm Must Correspond to All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Disclose Structure for All Claimed FunctionsMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Coordinating FunctionMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Algorithm for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Algorithm Must Correspond to Coordinating FunctionMPEP 2181Required Algorithm Must Correspond to Claimed FunctionMPEP 2181 Algorithm Required for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Implemented as DisclosedMPEP 2181 Means-Plus-Function Limitation Requires Hardware Or Software EquivalentsMPEP 2181Permitted Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2181 Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Prohibited Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 References Must Be Described Not MentionedMPEP 2181 Written Description Must Disclose Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Claimed Function Must Be Supported By Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Requirement for Corresponding Structure Described in SpecificationMPEP 2181 Requirement for Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Corresponding Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181 Known Techniques Insufficient for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Permitted Claimed Function Must Be Described With Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181 Requirement for Identifying Corresponding Structure, Material, or ActsMPEP 2181Permitted Replies to Requirement for Information Must Be Complete and TimelyMPEP 2181Required Requirement for Timely Reply to Informational RequirementsMPEP 2181 Claim Limitation Must Cover Specified Structure or EquivalentsMPEP 2181 Specification Must Describe Invention Adequately When 112(f) InvokedMPEP 2181Required Structure Must Be Described for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended Written Description Requirement for Function ClaimedMPEP 2181Permitted Specification Must Describe Structure for Performing FunctionMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Describe Corresponding StructureMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Not Include Entire Referenced DocumentMPEP 2181Required Specification Must Include Relevant Portions of Referenced DocumentMPEP 2181Recommended Means-Plus-Function Claims Require Adequate DisclosureMPEP 2181 Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181 Invention Must Be Communicated ClearlyMPEP 2181 Claims Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2181 Claims Must Find Clear Support in DescriptionMPEP 2181Required Written Description Must Explicitly State Structure for Means-Plus-Function ClaimMPEP 2181Recommended System Performing Functions Requires 112(f) InterpretationMPEP 2181 Identify Closest Structure for Means-Plus-Function LimitationMPEP 2181Recommended Reasons for Allowance Must Clarify Structure if Not Clear in SpecMPEP 2181Recommended All Claim Types Must Be Reviewed for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2181Recommended Means-Plus-Function Terms in Claims Require Specification DescriptionMPEP 2181 Applicants Can Invoke §112 ¶6 for Method Claim TermsMPEP 2181 Method Claims Must Use Described StructureMPEP 2181 Single Means Claim Is Limited to All Performing MeansMPEP 2181 Single Means Claim Covers All Performing MeansMPEP 2181
MPEP § 2182	Structure Must Clearly Link to Function for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2182 Specification Defines Claimed Invention MeaningMPEP 2182Recommended Judgment Required for Limitation Interpretation Without DefinitionMPEP 2182Required Specification Must Clearly Link Structure to FunctionMPEP 2182 Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Clearly Linked to StructureMPEP 2182
MPEP § 2183	No Further Equivalents Analysis Until Applicant DisagreesMPEP 2183Required Examiner Must Show One of Above Factors for EquivalenceMPEP 2183Recommended Conclusion That Prior Art Meets Claimed LimitationMPEP 2183Recommended Examiner Must Show Obvious Substitution for EquivalentsMPEP 2183Recommended Examiner Must Show Prior Art Element Is EquivalentMPEP 2183 Applicant Must Show Prior Art Is Not EquivalentMPEP 2183
MPEP § 2184	Element Must Perform Identical Function for EquivalenceMPEP 2184Prohibited Indicia for Determining Equivalents Under 112(f)MPEP 2184Permitted Claim Limitations Must Include EquivalentsMPEP 2184Required Factors for Proving Nonequivalence of Prior Art ElementMPEP 2184Permitted Element Must Perform Identical Function For EquivalenceMPEP 2184 Indicia for Determining Element Equivalents Under 112(f)MPEP 2184 Examiner Must Ensure Consistent Specification Interpretation for Means-Plus-Function ClaimsMPEP 2184Required Specification Defines Equivalents for Means-Plus-Function LimitationsMPEP 2184Recommended Judgment Required for Equivalents ScopeMPEP 2184Required Specification Describes More Than Specific Elements But Less Than Function Performing ElementMPEP 2184 Claim Structure Limited to Described Embodiment and EquivalentsMPEP 2184 Examiner Must Interpret Means-Plus-Function Limitations Consistently With SpecificationMPEP 2184
MPEP § 2185	Written Description Must Support ClaimsMPEP 2185Recommended Claim Limitation Does Not Waive Description RequirementsMPEP 2185Prohibited Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185Recommended Means-Plus-Function Limitation Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185 Claim Interpretation May Uncertainly Describe InventionMPEP 2185Permitted Claim Must Be Supported by SpecificationMPEP 2185
MPEP § 2186	Means-Plus-Function Claims Must Be Equivalent to Specified MeansMPEP 2186Required Equivalents Not to Influence Means-Plus-Function DeterminationMPEP 2186Recommended Means-Plus-Function Claims Must Be Equivalent to Specified MeansMPEP 2186
MPEP § 2187	Use Form Paragraphs for Claim Limitations Invoking 112(f)MPEP 2187Recommended Requirement for Using Specific Paragraphs in 35 U.S.C. 112 RejectionsMPEP 2187 Use Once Per Office Action for Means ClausesMPEP 2187 Requirement for Generic Placeholder When Using MeansMPEP 2187 Examiner May Clarify Function SupportMPEP 2187Permitted Claim Limitations Interpreted Under 112(f) Must Be Described CompletelyMPEP 2187Recommended Requirement for Generic Placeholder When Invoking Means ClauseMPEP 2187 Requirement for Sufficient Structure When Means/Step UsedMPEP 2187 Requirement for Proper Claim Interpretation Before Indefiniteness RejectionMPEP 2187Required Written Description Requirement When Function-Based Claim Is RejectedMPEP 2187Recommended Ambiguous Claim Limitation Requires Further AnalysisMPEP 2187Recommended Claim Limitation Must Invoke Means-Plus-FunctionMPEP 2187 Requirement for Identifying Claim Limitation Causing Rejection Under 112(b)MPEP 2187 Response to Applicant's Dispute of 112(f) ApplicationMPEP 2187Permitted Claim Interpretation and Indefiniteness Rejection RequirementsMPEP 2187Required Claim Limitation Ambiguity Requires Rare ActionMPEP 2187Recommended
MPEP § 2201	Information for Supplemental Examination Not Limited to Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2201Permitted Supplemental Examination Proceeding for Patent ReexaminationMPEP 2201 Patent Owner Can Request Supplemental Examination to Consider Relevant InformationMPEP 2201Permitted Substantial New Question of Patentability Raised by Supplemental ExamMPEP 2201
MPEP § 2205	Submission Must Include Only Patents, Publications, and Claim StatementsMPEP 2205Prohibited Requirement for Patent and Publication SubmissionsMPEP 2205Permitted Submission Must Focus on Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2205Prohibited References Not Previously Treated In Prosecution ProhibitedMPEP 2205Recommended
MPEP § 2217	Patentability Questions Must Be Based on Patents or PublicationsMPEP 2217Required Prior Art Cannot Be Used for Public Use GroundsMPEP 2217Prohibited Prior Art Must Directly Apply to ClaimsMPEP 2217Required
MPEP § 2258	Claims Must Be Examined for Compliance with 112 During ReexaminationMPEP 2258 112 Compliance Limited to Amendatory ClaimsMPEP 2258Recommended New Claim Limitations Must Be Examined SeparatelyMPEP 2258Recommended Limitations of New Claims in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited Limitation from Original Claim Cannot Be Examined in New Claim During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited Rewritten Independent Claims Not Examined for 112 ComplianceMPEP 2258Prohibited Written Description Priority Allowed During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited Claims Must Comply with Section 112 Requirements in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Recommended Examiner Must Ensure Claims Comply With 35 U.S.C. 112 Second ParagraphMPEP 2258Recommended Written Description Requirement for ClaimsMPEP 2258Recommended Claims Must Describe New MatterMPEP 2258Recommended Claims Examined on Patent and Publication BasisMPEP 2258 Issues Relating to 35 U.S.C. 112 Addressed Only for New ClaimsMPEP 2258 Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112 Not Limited to Reexam ChangesMPEP 2258Permitted Issues Under 112 Include Original Patent Content in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted Written Description Must Support All ClaimsMPEP 2258Required Intervening Patents and Printed Publications as Prior Art in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Prohibited Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112 Not Limited to Reexamined MatterMPEP 2258Permitted Original Specification, Claims, and Drawings Included in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted Examiner Must Ensure Compliance with 35 U.S.C. 112 After Specification Amended in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Recommended Amendment to Specification Can Invalidate ClaimsMPEP 2258Permitted Guidance for New and Amended Claims Under 35 U.S.C. 112MPEP 2258 Reexamination Proceeding Reviews Patent Claims Based on Prior ArtMPEP 2258 Double Patenting Issues During ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted Scope of Reexamination CertificateMPEP 2258 New Claims Must Not Broaden Original ScopeMPEP 2258 Reexamination Not Limited to Patents and PublicationsMPEP 2258 Information Raising Substantial New Question of Patentability Allowed in ReexaminationMPEP 2258Permitted Reexamination May Include Any InformationMPEP 2258Permitted Reexamination May Involve Any Patentability IssueMPEP 2258Permitted Rejections Must Be Based on Patents or PublicationsMPEP 2258Permitted Reexamination Uses Original Examining RegimeMPEP 2258 Reexamination Under First-Inventor-to-File for New Claims After March 16, 2013MPEP 2258 Reexamination Under First-to-Invent If Prior App Filed Before March 16, 2013MPEP 2258 Claims Must Be Supported by Earlier ApplicationMPEP 2258Permitted Claims Effective Date Determined by Filing DateMPEP 2258
MPEP § 2270	New Matter Must Be Removed From ClaimsMPEP 2270Required Amendment Entered for Reexamination Despite Lack of Legal EffectMPEP 2270 Drawing Amendments Not Entered OrdinarilyMPEP 2270 Amendment Enlarging Claims Must Be Entered But RejectedMPEP 2270
MPEP § 2283	Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required Claims Must Be Identical Across Merged ProceedingsMPEP 2283Required Identical Claims Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required Identical Amendments Must Be Maintained In Merged Reexamination FilesMPEP 2283Required Patent Owner Must Submit Identical Amendments After MergerMPEP 2283Required Housekeeping Amendment Must Not Address Patentability IssuesMPEP 2283Prohibited
MPEP § 2303	Requirement for Complete Written DescriptionMPEP 2303 Close Scrutiny for Unpatentability Grounds Before InterferenceMPEP 2303 Requirement for Complete Written DescriptionMPEP 2303
MPEP § 2304.01(d)	Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 2304.01(d)Recommended Sorting of Claims Not Always AppropriateMPEP 2304.01(d)Prohibited
MPEP § 2304.02(d)	Specification Must Describe Invention Completely Where Interference SuggestedMPEP 2304.02(d)
MPEP § 2304.04(b)	Written Description May Support Interfering Claim to Other Inventor’s WorkMPEP 2304.04(b)Permitted Improvement to Described Work Not Requiring InterferenceMPEP 2304.04(b) Improvement Over Other Inventor’s Work Not Subject to InterferenceMPEP 2304.04(b) Specification Must Exclude Other Inventor’s WorkMPEP 2304.04(b) No Interfering Claim for Described ImprovementMPEP 2304.04(b)Required
MPEP § 2402	Deposit Required for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2402Prohibited Patent Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 2402Required Deposit of Biological Materials Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2402 Deposit May Satisfy Description and Enablement RequirementsMPEP 2402Permitted Deposit Requirement for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2402 Depository for Biological Materials Must Be Approved by WIPOMPEP 2402
MPEP § 2403	Deposit Rules Do Not Decide PatentabilityMPEP 2403 Deposit of Biological Material Required for EnablementMPEP 2403Permitted Deposit Requirement for Claims Under 112(b)MPEP 2403Permitted Deposits Not Defined for Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403Permitted Deposit Not Required for Non-Replicating MaterialsMPEP 2403Required Rules for Depositing Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403 Definition of Biological Materials for Patent DepositsMPEP 2403Permitted Procedures for Depositing Biological MaterialsMPEP 2403 Deposit Not Required If Public Starting Material SufficientMPEP 2403Permitted Plant Per Se Need Not Be Deposited If Vector Contains GeneMPEP 2403
MPEP § 2403.02	Deposit of Plant Material Required for Invention DescriptionMPEP 2403.02Required Deposit Not Required for Plant PatentsMPEP 2403.02 Deposit Not Required for Plant PatentsMPEP 2403.02Required
MPEP § 2404	Deposit Not Required Unless Necessary for PatentabilityMPEP 2404 Deposit Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2404Required Deposit Reference Permitted in SpecificationMPEP 2404Required Deposit Not Needed Unless Access NecessaryMPEP 2404Recommended Deposit Must Be Made According to RegulationsMPEP 2404Required Publicly Available Biological Material Not Requiring DepositMPEP 2404Permitted Deposited Biological Material Is Considered Readily Available Regardless of Access ConditionsMPEP 2404 Deposit of Biological Material Permitted for Invention Relying on Such MaterialMPEP 2404 Patent Application May Reference Biological Material DepositMPEP 2404Permitted Deposit Required for Necessary AccessMPEP 2404Required Access Sufficient for Statutory Requirements Is EnoughMPEP 2404Prohibited
MPEP § 2404.01	Description of Marine Tunicates' Geographic Location Satisfies Enablement RequirementMPEP 2404.01 Description of Biological Material Must Be AdequateMPEP 2404.01Permitted Deposit Required for Biological Material AccessibilityMPEP 2404.01 Deposit Required for Accessibility EvidenceMPEP 2404.01Permitted Requirement for Deposit Availability Certification Upon RequestMPEP 2404.01Required Deposit Not Required If Not Needed for 112 ComplianceMPEP 2404.01 Description of Marine Tunicates Satisfies Enablement RequirementMPEP 2404.01 Material Known and Readily Available Must Be Described AdequatelyMPEP 2404.01 Depository Policy Not Established for Patent MaterialMPEP 2404.01 Depository Policy for Issued Patents Must Be AssuredMPEP 2404.01 Indicia for Known and Readily Available Biological MaterialsMPEP 2404.01Permitted Factors Indicating Public Accessibility of Biological MaterialMPEP 2404.01 Factors May Not Alone Prove Biological Material Known and Readily AvailableMPEP 2404.01Prohibited Requirement for Examining Deposit AvailabilityMPEP 2404.01 Requirement for Acceptable Non-Budapest Treaty DepositMPEP 2404.01
MPEP § 2404.03	Reference to Biological Material Does Not Imply Deposit RequirementMPEP 2404.03Prohibited Reference to Biological Material Cannot Create Deposit NecessityMPEP 2404.03
MPEP § 2405	Deposit of Biological Materials Must Be in Recognized RepositoryMPEP 2405 Permissible Reference to Non-Depository Biological MaterialMPEP 2405Prohibited Depositories Must Be Recognized Under Budapest Treaty or Commissioner’s ApprovalMPEP 2405 Deposit Must Be Recognized Under RegulationsMPEP 2405 Commissioner Announces Suitable DepotsMPEP 2405
MPEP § 2406	Deposit of Biological Material Before Filing or During PendencyMPEP 2406Permitted Deposit Requirement Before Issue Fee PaymentMPEP 2406Required Written Assurance Must Detail Deposit ResolutionMPEP 2406Required Deposit Before Filing Date Required In Many CountriesMPEP 2406Required
MPEP § 2406.01	Requirement for Specific Identification of Biological MaterialMPEP 2406.01 Biological Material Must Be Specifically Identified In ApplicationMPEP 2406.01Required
MPEP § 2406.02	Biological Material Description Not Required at FilingMPEP 2406.02Permitted Corroboration Required for Post-Filing Deposits of Biological MaterialsMPEP 2406.02Required Corroboration Required for Post-Filing DepositsMPEP 2406.02
MPEP § 2406.03	Deposit of Biological Material Before Foreign Filing Date Required for PriorityMPEP 2406.03Prohibited
MPEP § 2407.01	Replacement Deposit Required for PatentabilityMPEP 2407.01Required Alternative Deposit Must Meet 112 RequirementsMPEP 2407.01Required Notification Required When Deposit Cannot Be FurnishedMPEP 2407.01Prohibited No Deposit If Samples UnavailableMPEP 2407.01Prohibited Replacement or Supplemental Deposit Required If Original Does Not Meet RequirementsMPEP 2407.01 Alternative Deposit of Biological Material AllowedMPEP 2407.01Recommended Conditions for Alternative Deposit Must Be MetMPEP 2407.01Required
MPEP § 2407.02	Deposit Requirement for Patent ValidityMPEP 2407.02 No Deposit During Pendency Bars Certificate of CorrectionMPEP 2407.02 Reissue Is Not Permitted for Missing DepositMPEP 2407.02 Deposit Not Made During Pendency Prohibits Certificate of CorrectionMPEP 2407.02
MPEP § 2407.03	Failure to Replace Deposit Treats Application as No Deposit MadeMPEP 2407.03Required Replacement Not Required When Access AvailableMPEP 2407.03 No Replacement Needed for Commercially Available MaterialMPEP 2407.03Required
MPEP § 2409	Deposit Must Be Tested for ViabilityMPEP 2409 Deposit Viability Must Be ConfirmedMPEP 2409 Deposit Must Be Tested for ViabilityMPEP 2409Recommended
MPEP § 2411	Deposit Must Be Made for Patent ClaimsMPEP 2411Prohibited Office Must Establish Necessity of Deposit for PatentabilityMPEP 2411 Examiner Must Determine If Deposit Is Needed and Acceptable for Patent PurposesMPEP 2411Required Examiner Procedures for Addressing Deposit IssuesMPEP 2411
MPEP § 2411.01	Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01Recommended Enablement Requirement for Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01 Requirement for Sufficient Written DescriptionMPEP 2411.01 Claims Must Be Described In Application As FiledMPEP 2411.01 Amendments Must Be Described In ApplicationMPEP 2411.01 Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 2411.01 Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01 Claims Must Reflect Inventor’s View of InventionMPEP 2411.01 Disagreement Between Disclosure and Claims Must Be Addressed Under 112(a)MPEP 2411.01Recommended Deposit Must Comply with RegulationsMPEP 2411.01Required Requirement for Enabling Disclosure Without Access to Specific Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01 Enablement Requirement for Specific Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01Recommended Application Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 2411.01Permitted Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If KnownMPEP 2411.01 Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If KnownMPEP 2411.01 Requirement for Clear Biological Material DescriptionMPEP 2411.01 Claims Must Be Supported by Evidence Not in Application as FiledMPEP 2411.01 Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.01 Deposit Under Budapest Treaty Must Comply With RegulationsMPEP 2411.01Required
MPEP § 2411.02	Requirement for Deposit of Biological MaterialMPEP 2411.02Required Written Assurance for Biological Material DepositMPEP 2411.02Recommended Nonresponsive Replies May Result in AbandonmentMPEP 2411.02Required Deposit Must Be Made or AssuredMPEP 2411.02Required Requirements for Further Submissions After Final RejectionMPEP 2411.02 Requirement for Written Assurance of DepositMPEP 2411.02Required
MPEP § 2412.04	Sequence Identifiers Do Not Alter 112 RequirementsMPEP 2412.04 Use of Sequence Identifiers Does Not Raise Claim IssuesMPEP 2412.04Recommended No Effect on Disclosure and Claiming RequirementsMPEP 2412.04 Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2412.04Permitted
MPEP § 2413.04	Incorporation By Reference of Sequence Listing XML RequiredMPEP 2413.04 Requirement for Sequence Listing XML File DetailsMPEP 2413.04 Requirement for Sequence Listing XML SubmissionMPEP 2413.04
MPEP § 2413.05	Sequence Listing Not Required for ComplianceMPEP 2413.05Required Grant of Patent Presumes Compliance with RulesMPEP 2413.05
MPEP § 2417	Sequence Listing Is Part of SpecificationMPEP 2417
MPEP § 2422.01	Rules Do Not Alter 112 RequirementsMPEP 2422.01 Sequence Identifiers Do Not Raise Issues Under 112MPEP 2422.01Recommended No Effect on Disclosure and Claiming RequirementsMPEP 2422.01 Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2422.01 Sequence Identifiers Do Not Restrict ClaimingMPEP 2422.01Permitted
MPEP § 2422.08	Sequence Listing Not Presumed NecessaryMPEP 2422.08Required Patent Grant Presumes Compliance with Sequence RulesMPEP 2422.08
MPEP § 2429	Sequence Listing Not Subject to 112MPEP 2429
MPEP § 2753	Requirement for Describing 'Means for' Language EquivalentsMPEP 2753Permitted Claim Must Read on Approved ProductMPEP 2753Recommended Claim Must List Corresponding Variables and SubstituentsMPEP 2753 Claim Chart to Describe Patent Claims on Approved Medical DevicesMPEP 2753Permitted
MPEP § 2809	Combination of Multiple References Under 35 U.S.C. 103 Counts as Separate ItemsMPEP 2809 Single Reference Multiple Issues Counted OnceMPEP 2809
MPEP § 2811	Written Description Must Support ClaimsMPEP 2811 Substantial New Question on Anticipation or ObviousnessMPEP 2811Permitted
MPEP § 2811.01	Disclosure Requirement for Claims 2 and 8MPEP 2811.01
MPEP § 2909	Specification Must Describe Views of ReproductionsMPEP 2909Required Brief Description for Views of Reproductions Required in Item (10)MPEP 2909Recommended
MPEP § 2920.04(a)	Reference View May Cause UncertaintyMPEP 2920.04(a)Permitted Avoid Using Reference View in US Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.04(a) Avoid Using Reference View as Figure DescriptionMPEP 2920.04(a) Reference View May Include Claimed Design FeaturesMPEP 2920.04(a)Permitted
MPEP § 2920.04(b)	Claim Rejection for Unclear Design AppearanceMPEP 2920.04(b)Recommended Reproductions Not Fully Disclosing Design PermittedMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted Reproductions Must Fully Disclose Industrial DesignMPEP 2920.04(b) Matter Not Seeking Protection Can Be Described or ColoredMPEP 2920.04(b) Reproducations Must Be ConsistentMPEP 2920.04(b)Recommended Hague Registration May Be Refused Due to Insufficient ReproductionsMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted Reproduction Requirement for International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.04(b)Permitted
MPEP § 2920.05	Examination of International Design Applications Designating the USMPEP 2920.05 Substance Determined as for Domestic DesignsMPEP 2920.05Required Examination Practices for International Designs Designating USMPEP 2920.05
MPEP § 2920.05(c)	Insufficient Drawing Rejection Overcome SuggestionMPEP 2920.05(c)Permitted Requirements of 35 U.S.C. 112 Apply to Nonprovisional International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c) MPEP §1504.04 Generally Applicable to Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c) Additional Considerations for International Design ApplicationsMPEP 2920.05(c)
MPEP § 506	Specification Must Be Received for Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 506Required Specification Must Conform to Legal StandardsMPEP 506Required Requirement for Complete SpecificationMPEP 506 Specification Must Be Clear and CoherentMPEP 506Required Continuation Application May Name Same or Fewer InventorsMPEP 506Permitted Inventor Not Named in Prior Application Must File CIPMPEP 506Required Filing Date Based on CorrectionMPEP 506 Component Parts Must Satisfy Requirements for Filing DateMPEP 506 Filing Date Based on Correction DateMPEP 506 Cover Sheet Required for Provisional ApplicationMPEP 506Permitted
MPEP § 601	Components Required for Filing DateMPEP 601 Specification Must Refer to Drawings When NeededMPEP 601Required Provisional Application Should Conform to Nonprovisional GuidelinesMPEP 601Recommended Provisional Application Does Not Require Claims Or Oath/DeclarationMPEP 601Required
MPEP § 601.01(a)	Specification Including Claims and Drawings Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required Minimal Formal Requirements for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(a)Recommended Specification and Claims Required for Design Application FilingMPEP 601.01(a)Required Requirement for Complete Specification and ClaimsMPEP 601.01(a)Required Specification and Drawings Must Be Filed for Design PatentMPEP 601.01(a)Required Filing Date for Non-Design Applications Is Determined by Received SpecificationMPEP 601.01(a) Specification Required for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(a) Filing Date Granted on Received SpecificationMPEP 601.01(a) Specification and Drawings by Reference AllowedMPEP 601.01(a) Specification and Drawings by Reference RequirementMPEP 601.01(a)Required Claims Must Be Included In Previously Filed Application For Design Patent ReferenceMPEP 601.01(a)Required
MPEP § 601.01(d)	Specification Must Contain Written DescriptionMPEP 601.01(d)Required Missing Specification Must Be AddressedMPEP 601.01(d)Required Specification Requirement for Nonprovisional ApplicationMPEP 601.01(d) Specification Requirement for Prior-Filed ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(d)Permitted Amendment Must Accompany PetitionMPEP 601.01(d)Required Amendment for Incomplete Specification Must Comply with RequirementsMPEP 601.01(d)Required Extension of Two-Month Period for Specification OmissionMPEP 601.01(d)
MPEP § 601.01(e)	Specification and Drawing Required for Filing DateMPEP 601.01(e)Required Written Description and Claim Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(e)Required Claim Required for Design ApplicationsMPEP 601.01(e) Claims Not Required for Design Applications and Nonprovisional Pre-2013MPEP 601.01(e)Prohibited Claim Required for Design Application Filing DateMPEP 601.01(e) Claim Not Required for Plant Patents Filed After Dec 18, 2013MPEP 601.01(e)Required
MPEP § 608	Full and Clear Disclosure Required for PatentMPEP 608Required Requirement for Full and Clear DisclosureMPEP 608 Claims Must Find Basis in Original DisclosureMPEP 608Required No New Matter After Filing DateMPEP 608Permitted Original Disclosure Requirement for FilingMPEP 608Permitted
MPEP § 608.01	Tables May Be Included in ClaimsMPEP 608.01Permitted Specification Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 608.01Required Specification Must Clearly Describe InventionMPEP 608.01Required Claims May Include Tables for Compliance or DesirabilityMPEP 608.01Permitted Hyperlinks Must Be Included If Part of InventionMPEP 608.01Recommended Hyperlinks Must Be Included If Necessary for DescriptionMPEP 608.01Recommended Written Description Must Exclude Drawings and Flow DiagramsMPEP 608.01Prohibited Claims May Incorporate References to Figures Where Descriptive Words Are InfeasibleMPEP 608.01Permitted Tables Must Not Be DuplicatedMPEP 608.01Recommended Claim References Table Number Instead of Including ItMPEP 608.01 Specification Must Describe Invention CompletelyMPEP 608.01 Specification Must Not Include Unrelated InformationMPEP 608.01Prohibited Specification Must Begin on New PageMPEP 608.01Required Specification Must Not Include Other Parts of ApplicationMPEP 608.01Prohibited Claims, Abstract and Sequence Listing Must Be SeparatedMPEP 608.01Required Claims, Abstract, Sequence Listing Must Begin New PageMPEP 608.01Required No Overlap of Disclosure Sections on Same PageMPEP 608.01Recommended Specification May Include Formulas but Not DrawingsMPEP 608.01Prohibited Description May Contain Tables Not Included in DrawingsMPEP 608.01Recommended Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01 Hyperlinks Must Be Disabled for USPTO DatabaseMPEP 608.01
MPEP § 608.01(b)	Abstract Must Comply with GuidelinesMPEP 608.01(b) First Office Action on Abstract DefectsMPEP 608.01(b)Recommended Examiner Must Point Out Abstract DefectsMPEP 608.01(b)
MPEP § 608.01(h)	Best Mode Must Be Disclosed In DescriptionMPEP 608.01(h)Required Invention's Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h) No Specific Example Required for Best Mode DisclosureMPEP 608.01(h) Patent Specification Not Intended as Production SpecificationMPEP 608.01(h)Required Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h) Best Mode Not Required to Include ExampleMPEP 608.01(h) Best Mode Must Be Disclosed Without ConcealmentMPEP 608.01(h) Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If Quality Poorly Conceals InventionMPEP 608.01(h)Required Best Mode Must Be DisclosedMPEP 608.01(h) Best Mode Separate from Sufficiency of DisclosureMPEP 608.01(h)
MPEP § 608.01(k)	Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim InventionMPEP 608.01(k)Required Claims Must Define Invention for ProtectionMPEP 608.01(k)
MPEP § 608.01(l)	Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 608.01(l)Recommended Claims Must Describe Invention FullyMPEP 608.01(l)Required
MPEP § 608.01(m)	Indefinite Claims Must Use Form Paragraph 7.34.01MPEP 608.01(m) Claims Must Use Parentheses to Avoid IndefinitenessMPEP 608.01(m) Dependent Claims Must Specify Further LimitationsMPEP 608.01(m)Required Requirement for Further Limitation of Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(m)Required Claim Duplication Under 35 U.S.C. 112(d)MPEP 608.01(m) Dependent Claims Must Specify Further LimitationMPEP 608.01(m) Applicant May Restate Invention ReasonablyMPEP 608.01(m) Difference in Claim Scope PermissibleMPEP 608.01(m) Duplicate Claims May Be Objected Under 37 CFR 1.75MPEP 608.01(m)Permitted
MPEP § 608.01(n)	Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be In Alternative FormMPEP 608.01(n) Multiple Dependent Claim Basis ProhibitedMPEP 608.01(n)Prohibited Limitations of Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be Considered SeparatelyMPEP 608.01(n)Required Conjunctive Dependent Claims ProhibitedMPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claims Must Reference Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended Requirement for Compliant Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended Dependent Claims Must Reference Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claim Must Comply With 112(d)MPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claims Must Include All Previous LimitationsMPEP 608.01(n)Required Non-Compliance with Pre-AIA 112, 4th Paragraph Renders Claim UnpatentableMPEP 608.01(n) Requirement for Compliant Dependent Claims under 112(d)MPEP 608.01(n)Recommended Use Paragraph Instead of Pre-AIA Fifth ParagraphMPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claim Must Refer to Previous ClaimMPEP 608.01(n)Required Requirement for Dependent Claims to Reference Previous ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n)Required Dependent Claim RequirementsMPEP 608.01(n)Recommended Cumulative Claiming Not PermittedMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted Multiple Dependent Claim LimitationMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted Limitation on Referenced Claims for Multiple Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n) Multiple Dependent Claim RequirementMPEP 608.01(n)Required Limitations of Each Claim Must Be Considered Separately in Multiple Dependent ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claim Must Refer ConjunctivelyMPEP 608.01(n) Improper Multiple Dependent Claims Must Be CorrectedMPEP 608.01(n) Dependent Claims Must Refer to Prior ClaimsMPEP 608.01(n) Improper Multiple Dependent Claim RequirementMPEP 608.01(n)Permitted Multiple Dependent Claim Requires Single ReferenceMPEP 608.01(n) Mark Improper Multiple Dependent Claims with Numeral 1MPEP 608.01(n)
MPEP § 608.01(p)	Requirement for Functional Claim SupportMPEP 608.01(p) Requirement for Incorporating Earlier Applications by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Requirement for Full Written Description of InventionMPEP 608.01(p)Required Written Description Requirement for Filing DateMPEP 608.01(p)Required Complex Experimentation Not Undue If Typical For Skilled ArtisanMPEP 608.01(p) Specification Must Be Complete In ItselfMPEP 608.01(p)Required Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Required Claims Including New Limitation from Foreign Patent Rejected Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a)MPEP 608.01(p) Amendment Required to Overcome 112(a) RejectionMPEP 608.01(p) Specification Must Include Foreign Patent Disclosure After Final RejectionMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Incorporation By Reference Minimizes Public BurdenMPEP 608.01(p)Prohibited Disclosure Must Be Reasonably Complete in PatentsMPEP 608.01(p) Incorporation By Reference in Patent ApplicationsMPEP 608.01(p) Guidance for Incorporating References in U.S. PatentsMPEP 608.01(p) Invention Must Have Specific Example DescribedMPEP 608.01(p)Required Written Description Requirement for InventionMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended Specification Must Enable Skilled Person Without Undue ExperimentationMPEP 608.01(p)Required Material May Be Incorporated by Reference in Patent ApplicationMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Essential Material May Be Incorporated by Reference in Patent ApplicationMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Requirement for Proper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Requirement for Specific Root Words in Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Requirement for Clear Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Requirement for Clear Incorporation IndicationMPEP 608.01(p) Referencing Application Must Identify Referenced Patent, Application, or PublicationMPEP 608.01(p)Required Requirement for Specific References to Incorporated DocumentsMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended Filing Requirements for Blank Application NumbersMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Abandoned Applications Can Be Referenced Like Copending OnesMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Nonessential Material May Be Incorporated Without ObjectionMPEP 608.01(p) Claim Must Be Supported by Foreign PatentMPEP 608.01(p) Amendment Changing Essential Material Status Requires SupportMPEP 608.01(p) Alternative for Overcoming 112(a) RejectionMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Requirement for Correcting Improper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Amendment for Noncompliant Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Permitted Amendment Must Not Include New Matter When Incorporating by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Prohibited Incorporation of Essential Material ImproperMPEP 608.01(p) Improper Incorporation by Reference Not Effective Until CorrectedMPEP 608.01(p) Examiner Must Objection Rejection Until Applicant Corrects Improper Incorporation By ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Recommended Requirement for Correcting Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p)Required Amendment to Correct Improper Incorporation by ReferenceMPEP 608.01(p) Improper Incorporation By Reference Slows ProsecutionMPEP 608.01(p) Applicants Must Timely Correct Incorporation by Reference ErrorsMPEP 608.01(p)Required Correction of Improper Incorporation by Reference Must Be TimelyMPEP 608.01(p)Required
MPEP § 608.01(v)	Trade Name Must Clearly Identify Product or ServiceMPEP 608.01(v) Capitalized Mark Must Distinguish Product IdentityMPEP 608.01(v) Trade Name Mark Must Be Distinguished by CapitalizationMPEP 608.01(v) Identification Required When Mark Lacks Fixed MeaningMPEP 608.01(v) Identification of Mark or Trade Name Is Required If No Fixed MeaningMPEP 608.01(v)
MPEP § 608.02	Desired but Not Required for Statutory ComplianceMPEP 608.02Recommended
MPEP § 608.02(a)	Corrected Drawings Required If Not Permissible for ExaminationMPEP 608.02(a)Required
MPEP § 608.04	Specification Must Exclude New MatterMPEP 608.04Required Claims Must Reflect Original DescriptionMPEP 608.04Recommended Requirement for Canceling New Matter in SpecificationMPEP 608.04Recommended Examiner Must Clearly Identify New MatterMPEP 608.04Required
MPEP § 608.04(a)	Amendments Adding New Matter Not AllowedMPEP 608.04(a) Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended New Matter Must Be Included In RejectionMPEP 608.04(a)Prohibited Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended Claim Must Be Rejected If New Matter AddedMPEP 608.04(a)Recommended Claims Must Be Supported by Original DisclosureMPEP 608.04(a)
MPEP § 702	Specification and Claims Required for Design Patent FilingMPEP 702Required Claims and Drawings Must Support InventionMPEP 702Recommended Filing Date Requirements for Patent ApplicationsMPEP 702 Filing Date Changes for Post-2013 ApplicationsMPEP 702 Specification Requirement for Nonprovisional Applications Filed After December 18, 2013MPEP 702 Provisional Applications Can Lack DrawingsMPEP 702Permitted
MPEP § 706.03	Rejections Based on 35 U.S.C. 112 Explained in MPEP SectionsMPEP 706.03 Requirement for Nonstatutory Subject Matter RejectionsMPEP 706.03 Requirement for Utility in ClaimsMPEP 706.03 Requirement for Subject Matter Not Barred by Atomic Energy ActMPEP 706.03 Rejections for Nonstatutory Subject Matter and Human Organism StrategiesMPEP 706.03 Requirement for Addressing Double Patenting in Reissue ExaminationMPEP 706.03 Requirement for Foreign Filing With LicenseMPEP 706.03 Rejections and Res Judicata in Reissue ApplicationsMPEP 706.03
MPEP § 706.07(a)	Dependent Claim Amended When Independent Claim ChangesMPEP 706.07(a) Rejoined Claims Must Be Supported by DescriptionMPEP 706.07(a)Permitted Amendments to Include Expected Limitations Not FinalMPEP 706.07(a)Prohibited Examiner May Introduce New Ground of RejectionMPEP 706.07(a)Required Examiner May Use Info Disclosed Statment to Make Final ActionMPEP 706.07(a)Prohibited
MPEP § 707.07(l)	Claims Must Be Supported by Test ResultsMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended Examiner Must Not Question Test Results Without Reasonable BasisMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended Requirement for Providing Test Results or ArgumentsMPEP 707.07(l)Required No New Matter In ApplicationMPEP 707.07(l)Recommended
MPEP § 708.02(b)	Specification Must Include Claim and Drawing When NecessaryMPEP 708.02(b)Required Requirement for Executed Application Data SheetMPEP 708.02(b)Required Application Data Sheet Required for FilingMPEP 708.02(b)Required Inventor’s Oath/Declaration Required for FilingMPEP 708.02(b)
MPEP § 715.10	Best Mode Must Be Disclosed If Not In ApplicationMPEP 715.10Required
MPEP § 716	Requirement to Indicate Overcome Rejection with Statutory GroundsMPEP 716 Requirement for Indicating Unovercome RejectionsMPEP 716
MPEP § 716.01(c)	Opinions on Legal Issues Not Persuasive but Facts May BeMPEP 716.01(c)Permitted Opinion Testimony Entitled to Some WeightMPEP 716.01(c) Opinion Testimony WeightMPEP 716.01(c)
MPEP § 716.09	Specification Must Provide Enabling DisclosureMPEP 716.09 Supplemental Evidence Must Be Known to ArtisansMPEP 716.09Required Applicant Must Prove Enablement Using DisclosureMPEP 716.09
MPEP § 717.01(a)(1)	Disclosure Not Needing Enabling NatureMPEP 717.01(a)(1)
MPEP § 717.01(b)(1)	Disclosure Not Necessarily EnablingMPEP 717.01(b)(1)
MPEP § 803	Requirement for Showing Non-Prior Art Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 803Permitted Requirement for Showing Serious Search BurdenMPEP 803Permitted Requirement for Prima Facie Showing of Serious Search/Examination BurdenMPEP 803Permitted Criteria for Restricting Markush ClaimsMPEP 803 Restriction Practice for Genus-Species ClaimsMPEP 803
MPEP § 803.02	Definiteness Requirement for Markush ClaimsMPEP 803.02 Proper Markush Grouping Requires Structural Similarity and Common UseMPEP 803.02 Examiner Must Not Invite Election of Clearly Rejectable SpeciesMPEP 803.02Recommended Proper Markush Grouping Requires Structural Similarity and Common UseMPEP 803.02 Provisional Election of Species for Markush ClaimsMPEP 803.02Permitted Requirement for Electing SpeciesMPEP 803.02 Requirement for Proper Markush GroupMPEP 803.02Recommended
MPEP § 804	Requirement for Proper Earlier-Filed Application ReferenceMPEP 804Required Patent Term Filing Date Based on Earliest Reference ApplicationMPEP 804 Patent Term Filing Date Not Affected by Early ApplicationsMPEP 804
MPEP § 804.02	Benefit Claim Determines Patent Term for Utility and Plant Applications Filed on or After June 8, 1995MPEP 804.02 Patent Term Based on Earliest Filing DateMPEP 804.02 Patent Term Determined by Earliest Filing Date ClaimedMPEP 804.02
MPEP § 804.03	Claims Must Be Supported by Provisional DescriptionMPEP 804.03 Consider Benefit Claims to Earlier Filed ApplicationsMPEP 804.03 Prior Art Date for Early Filed International ApplicationsMPEP 804.03Permitted Pre-AIA Benefit Claim to International Application Before Nov 29, 2000 Not AllowedMPEP 804.03 Do Not Consider Foreign Priority Claims Under Specified SectionsMPEP 804.03 Requirement for Proper Benefit Claim SupportMPEP 804.03
MPEP § 808.02	Examiner Must Show Serious Examination Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 808.02Required Serious Examination Issues for Separate InventionsMPEP 808.02Permitted
MPEP § 821.04	Final Action on Rejoined ClaimsMPEP 821.04Permitted First Office Action on Merits Not Final If Process Claim Does Not Comply with 112MPEP 821.04Required Final Office Action in Rejoinder Situations Governed by MPEP § 706.07MPEP 821.04 Proper First Office Action on Merits Not Final If Process Claims Do Not ComplyMPEP 821.04
MPEP § 821.04(b)	Amendment Denying Rejoinder of New IssuesMPEP 821.04(b) Amendment Not Required for New IssuesMPEP 821.04(b)Required Rejoined Claims After First Office Action Must Be SupportedMPEP 821.04(b)Permitted

Related Provisions

Based on MPEP Last Modified: 10/30/2024 08:50:22

35 U.S.C. § 112 — Specification (MPEP Coverage Index) – BlueIron IP

35 U.S.C. § 112 Specification

Summary

Official MPEP § 112 — Specification

35 U.S.C. 112 Specification.

Verbatim in MPEP

Required Actions

Key Interpretations

Topics

MPEP Coverage

Related Provisions

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