What are alternative ways to claim chemical compounds in patents?

Chemical compounds can be claimed in patents through various methods beyond structural formulas. The MPEP 2173.05(t) outlines several alternative approaches: Name-based claims: “Chemical compounds may be claimed by a name that adequately describes the material to one skilled in the art.” Characteristic-based claims: “A compound of unknown structure may be claimed by a combination of…

Read More

Can alternative elements positively recited in the specification support a negative limitation?

Can alternative elements positively recited in the specification support a negative limitation? Yes, alternative elements positively recited in the specification can support a negative limitation in patent claims. This is explicitly mentioned in MPEP 2173.05(i): “If alternative elements are positively recited in the specification, they may be explicitly excluded in the claims.” This means that…

Read More

What is the “algorithm requirement” for computer-implemented functions under 112(f)?

The “algorithm requirement” for computer-implemented functions under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) refers to the need for the specification to disclose an algorithm for performing the claimed specific computer function. As stated in MPEP 2181 II.B: “[W]hen the disclosed structure is a computer programmed to carry out an algorithm, ‘the disclosed structure is not the general purpose…

Read More

How does an adverse judgment affect patent claims in interference proceedings?

An adverse judgment can have significant consequences for patent claims in interference proceedings. According to MPEP 2304.04(c), Form Paragraph 7.49 addresses this situation: “An adverse judgment against claim [1] has been entered by the Board. Claim [2] stand(s) finally disposed of for failure to reply to or appeal from the examiner’s rejection of such claim(s)…

Read More

What is the difference between “adapted to” and “capable of” in patent claims according to MPEP 2111.04?

MPEP 2111.04 does not explicitly differentiate between “adapted to” and “capable of” in patent claims. However, the guidance provided for “adapted to” can be applied to understand the difference: MPEP 2111.04 states: “The court noted that an intended use or purpose usually will not limit the scope of the claim because such statements usually do…

Read More