How should regions of contiguous ‘X’ residues be described in an amino acid sequence?
The MPEP 2412.05(d) provides guidance on describing regions of contiguous ‘X’ residues in amino acid sequences: Use the syntax “x..y” as the location descriptor Apply this for regions with a known number of contiguous ‘X’ residues Use this approach when the same description applies to all ‘X’ residues in the region The MPEP states, “WIPO…
Read MoreWhat happens if a Sequence Listing XML lacks a proper DOCTYPE declaration?
If a Sequence Listing XML lacks a proper DOCTYPE declaration, it will not comply with the requirements set forth in MPEP 2413.01(d) and 37 CFR 1.833. This non-compliance may result in: Rejection of the patent application Requirement for correction and resubmission Potential delays in the patent examination process The MPEP emphasizes the importance of the…
Read MoreHow should circular amino acid sequences be represented in a patent application?
According to MPEP 2412.05(d), circular amino acid sequences should be represented as follows: Choose an amino acid as residue position number 1 Number continuously through the entire sequence in the amino to carboxy direction Do not represent amino and carboxy termini The MPEP states, “When an amino acid sequence is circular in configuration and the…
Read MoreWhat is considered an “amino acid” in a Sequence Listing XML?
According to MPEP 2412.03(b), an “amino acid” in a Sequence Listing XML includes: Any D- or L-amino acid Modified amino acids as defined in WIPO Standard ST.26 Amino acids with modified or synthetic side chains The MPEP states: Amino acids will be construed as unmodified L-amino acids unless further described in a feature table. It’s…
Read MoreWhat symbols should be used to represent amino acids in a sequence listing?
The MPEP 2412.05(d) provides guidance on the symbols to be used for amino acid representation: Use symbols set forth in Table 3 of WIPO Standard ST.26 Only uppercase letters must be used Each symbol represents only one residue Use the most restrictive symbol for ambiguities The MPEP states, “WIPO Standard ST.26, paragraph 26, specifies that…
Read MoreWhat symbols should be used to represent amino acid sequences?
According to WIPO Standard ST.26, amino acids in a sequence must be represented using the one-letter codes specified in Table 3: List of Amino Acids Symbols. Key points include: Only uppercase letters must be used. Each symbol represents only one residue. Use the most restrictive symbol for ambiguities (e.g., “B” for Asp or Asn, not…
Read MoreHow should amino acid sequences be represented in a patent application?
According to MPEP 2412.05(d), amino acid sequences in patent applications filed on or after July 1, 2022, must be represented as follows: In the amino to carboxy direction from left to right Without representing the amino and carboxy groups Starting with residue position number 1 Using only uppercase letters As stated in the MPEP, “WIPO…
Read MoreWhat are the requirements for submitting a “Sequence Listing XML” file?
According to MPEP 608.05, the requirements for submitting a “Sequence Listing XML” file are: The file must be submitted as an XML file in UTF-8 encoding. It should be named “SequenceListing.xml”. The file must comply with the DTD (Document Type Definition) specified in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Standard ST.26. The XML file must…
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