What is the “same or corresponding special technical features” requirement in unity of invention?

The “same or corresponding special technical features” requirement in unity of invention refers to the technical relationship among the inventions involving one or more of the same or corresponding special technical features. According to MPEP 1893.03(d): “The expression “special technical features” shall mean those technical features that define a contribution which each of the claimed…

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What options does an applicant have when receiving Form PCT/IPEA/405?

When an applicant receives Form PCT/IPEA/405, they have two main options: Restrict the claims to comply with the unity of invention requirement Pay additional examination fees to have all inventions examined According to MPEP 1875.01: “The ‘Invitation to restrict or pay additional fees,’ Form PCT/IPEA/405, is used to invite the applicant, at his/her option, to…

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What are the permissible combinations of invention categories under unity of invention?

The unity of invention requirement allows certain combinations of invention categories in a single national stage application. According to MPEP 1893.03(d) and 37 CFR 1.475(b), the following combinations are considered to have unity of invention: A product and a process specially adapted for the manufacture of said product A product and a process of use…

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How does the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) affect the examination of national stage applications?

The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) significantly affects the examination of national stage applications in the following ways: It introduces the concept of unity of invention, which is different from the independent and distinct analysis used for non-PCT applications. National stage applications submitted under 35 U.S.C. 371 are subject to unity of invention analysis. Examiners must…

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What is the significance of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) in relation to restriction practice?

The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) is relevant to restriction practice, particularly in the context of international patent applications. The MPEP section mentions: “The pertinent Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Articles and Rules are cited and discussed in MPEP Chapter 1800. Sections 1850, 1875, and 1893.03(d) should be consulted for discussions on unity of invention.” This reference…

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How are nucleotide sequences treated in international patent applications under the PCT?

The treatment of nucleotide sequences in international patent applications filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) differs from national applications. According to MPEP 803.04: “See MPEP § 1850 for treatment of claims containing independent and distinct nucleotide sequences in international applications filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) and national stage applications filed under 35…

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How does the Markush practice relate to unity of invention?

The Markush practice, which involves claiming a group of alternative chemical compounds, is subject to unity of invention requirements in PCT applications. According to MPEP 1850, for Markush groups: Unity of invention is considered to be present when the alternatives are of a similar nature. When the Markush grouping is for alternatives of chemical compounds,…

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How does the “main invention” concept apply in international patent applications?

The concept of “main invention” is crucial in cases where lack of unity of invention is found in an international patent application. According to MPEP 1875: “The main invention, in case of doubt, is the first claimed invention for which an international search report has been issued by the International Searching Authority. The main invention,…

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