What constitutes “substantial activity” in the U.S. for the on-sale bar under pre-AIA law?

The concept of “substantial activity” in the U.S. is crucial for determining if foreign sales can trigger the on-sale bar under pre-AIA law. While the MPEP doesn’t provide an exhaustive definition, it offers guidance: “‘On sale’ status can be found if substantial activity prefatory to a ‘sale’ occurs in the United States.” (MPEP 2133.03(d)) This…

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