How are modified amino acids represented in sequence listings?
Modified amino acids in sequence listings are represented according to specific guidelines outlined in MPEP 2412.05(d): Modified amino acids should be represented as the corresponding unmodified amino acid in the sequence itself whenever possible. The modified amino acid must be further described in the Feature section of the sequence listing. As stated in the MPEP,…
Read MoreIs it mandatory to depict coding regions in patent applications?
No, it is not mandatory to depict coding regions in patent applications. The MPEP clearly states: “There is absolutely no requirement in the rules to depict coding regions.” However, if an applicant chooses to depict coding regions, they must follow the guidelines set forth in 37 CFR 1.822(c)(3). This includes listing the amino acids corresponding…
Read MoreHow should gaps in nucleotide sequences be represented in WIPO ST.25 format?
How should gaps in nucleotide sequences be represented in WIPO ST.25 format? According to MPEP 2423, gaps in nucleotide sequences should be represented using a specific symbol in WIPO ST.25 format: “Gaps of indeterminate length in the sequence must be represented by a series of the lower case letter “n”, the number of “n” residues…
Read MoreWhat are the format requirements for sequence listings in patent applications?
The format requirements for sequence listings in patent applications are specified in MPEP 2421.02 and 37 CFR 1.821-1.825. Key format requirements include: Sequence listings must be in a separate part of the disclosure. They should be presented in the standard sequence listing format. The listing must be readable by both humans and computers. It must…
Read MoreHow are sequence listings submitted electronically for patent applications?
How are sequence listings submitted electronically for patent applications? Electronic submission of sequence listings for patent applications is the preferred method according to MPEP 2420. The process involves: Preparing the sequence listing in compliance with WIPO Standard ST.25. Submitting the sequence listing as a separate text file (*.txt). Ensuring the file is encoded in ASCII…
Read MoreHow do I declare that a sequence listing amendment contains no new matter?
When submitting an amendment that adds a sequence listing to a patent application, it’s crucial to declare that the amendment contains no new matter. The MPEP provides a sample statement for this purpose: “I hereby state that the amendment adding a ‘Sequence Listing’, made in accordance with 37 CFR 1.825(a) is supported in the application,…
Read MoreCan corrections be made to sequence listings after filing?
Corrections to sequence listings are subject to strict rules regarding the introduction of new matter. According to MPEP 2422.07: “The correction of errors in sequencing or any other errors that are made in describing an invention are subject to the statutory prohibition (35 U.S.C. 132 and 35 U.S.C. 251) against the introduction of new matter.”…
Read MoreWhat are the consequences of submitting non-compliant sequence listings in a patent application?
Submitting non-compliant sequence listings in a patent application can have serious consequences. According to MPEP 2422.07: “Applications filed on or after January 1, 2022, that are otherwise complete, but that contain defective sequence listings, will be accepted and the defective sequence listing will be treated in accordance with 37 CFR 1.52(e)(8).” This means: The application…
Read MoreWhat is a Computer Readable Form (CRF) in the context of sequence listings?
What is a Computer Readable Form (CRF) in the context of sequence listings? A Computer Readable Form (CRF) in the context of sequence listings is a standardized electronic format for submitting nucleotide and amino acid sequence information in patent applications. According to MPEP 2421.02, the CRF is an essential component of the sequence listing submission.…
Read MoreHow should branched sequences be represented in WIPO ST.25 format?
How should branched sequences be represented in WIPO ST.25 format? Branched sequences require special handling in WIPO ST.25 format. According to MPEP 2423: “A sequence that contains regions of specifically defined residues separated by one or more regions of consecutively branched residues comprising any one or more of the following: ‘J’, ‘O’, or ‘Z’, must…
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