MPEP § 1901.04 — When Can the Protest Be Submitted (Annotated Rules)

§1901.04 When Can the Protest Be Submitted

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2026-01-17

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 1901.04, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

When Can the Protest Be Submitted

This section addresses When Can the Protest Be Submitted. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 371, 37 CFR 1.291(b), and 37 CFR 1.211. Contains: 5 requirements, 3 guidance statements, 1 permission, and 3 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Reissue Fees

5 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1901-04-e0f38d23a8f2507efc1ecf56]
Petition for Extension of Time Required Before Expiration
Note:
A petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the associated fee must be filed before the end of the 2-month period following announcement in the Official Gazette to request an extension of time for filing a protest in a reissue application.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue FeesProcessing FeesFee Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1901-04-88342f04d003baa9a2e36800]
Petition and Fee Required After Final Rejection in Reissue Application
Note:
A petition under 37 CFR 1.182 with the required fee must be submitted along with an explanation of why additional time was needed when a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits is closed for a reissue application.

Where a protest of a reissue application is submitted after the 2-month period, no petition for entry of the protest under 37 CFR 1.182 is needed with respect to the protest being submitted after the 2 months, unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed for the reissue application. See MPEP § 1441.01. In situations where a final rejection has been issued, or prosecution on the merits has been otherwise closed, a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 along with the petition fee under 37 CFR 1.17(f) must be submitted with the protest. The petition must include an explanation as to why the additional time was necessary and identify the nature of the protest submitted. A copy of the petition must be served upon the applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the Office of Petitions.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue FeesProcessing FeesFee Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1901-04-637509b3a1fecd1c2a41bceb]
Petition for Late Protest Must Include Explanation and Identify Nature of Protest
Note:
A petition for a late protest must explain why additional time was needed and specify the nature of the protest.

Where a protest of a reissue application is submitted after the 2-month period, no petition for entry of the protest under 37 CFR 1.182 is needed with respect to the protest being submitted after the 2 months, unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed for the reissue application. See MPEP § 1441.01. In situations where a final rejection has been issued, or prosecution on the merits has been otherwise closed, a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 along with the petition fee under 37 CFR 1.17(f) must be submitted with the protest. The petition must include an explanation as to why the additional time was necessary and identify the nature of the protest submitted. A copy of the petition must be served upon the applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the Office of Petitions.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue FeesProcessing FeesReissue Application Filing
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1901-04-7365037296edd26261f96b0e]
Petition Must Be Served on Applicant
Note:
A petition for entry of a late protest must be served on the applicant according to 37 CFR 1.248.

Where a protest of a reissue application is submitted after the 2-month period, no petition for entry of the protest under 37 CFR 1.182 is needed with respect to the protest being submitted after the 2 months, unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed for the reissue application. See MPEP § 1441.01. In situations where a final rejection has been issued, or prosecution on the merits has been otherwise closed, a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 along with the petition fee under 37 CFR 1.17(f) must be submitted with the protest. The petition must include an explanation as to why the additional time was necessary and identify the nature of the protest submitted. A copy of the petition must be served upon the applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the Office of Petitions.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue FeesProcessing FeesReissue Application Filing
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-f408bd68a69e1b6516c736c6]
Petition for Late Protest Required After Final Rejection
Note:
A petition must be submitted to the Office of Petitions along with a fee if a protest is filed after the 2-month period and a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed.

Where a protest of a reissue application is submitted after the 2-month period, no petition for entry of the protest under 37 CFR 1.182 is needed with respect to the protest being submitted after the 2 months, unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed for the reissue application. See MPEP § 1441.01. In situations where a final rejection has been issued, or prosecution on the merits has been otherwise closed, a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 along with the petition fee under 37 CFR 1.17(f) must be submitted with the protest. The petition must include an explanation as to why the additional time was necessary and identify the nature of the protest submitted. A copy of the petition must be served upon the applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the Office of Petitions.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue FeesProcessing FeesReissue Application Filing
Topic

Protest Timing Requirements

3 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-4cac649b45ae9152c4548806]
Early Protest Submission Benefits Examination
Note:
Submit protests early to maximize their benefit during the examination process.

As a practical matter, any protest should be submitted as soon as possible after the protestor becomes aware of the existence of the application to which the protest is to be directed. By submitting a protest early in the examination process, i.e., before the Office acts on the application if possible, the protestor ensures that the protest will be of the most benefit to the Office in its examination of the application. A protest submitted on or after the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed will not be entered and will be discarded pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(g).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.311Protest Timing RequirementsStatutory Authority for ExaminationExamination Procedures
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-0a45ffff1562c42ce37eaf9b]
Protest After Allowance Not Allowed
Note:
A protest submitted after a notice of allowance cannot be entered and will be discarded.

As a practical matter, any protest should be submitted as soon as possible after the protestor becomes aware of the existence of the application to which the protest is to be directed. By submitting a protest early in the examination process, i.e., before the Office acts on the application if possible, the protestor ensures that the protest will be of the most benefit to the Office in its examination of the application. A protest submitted on or after the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed will not be entered and will be discarded pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(g).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.311Protest Timing RequirementsProtest Filing RequirementsProtest Practice
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-060aa473195d0c9bc380cf7a]
Petition to Delay Reissue Examination
Note:
A petition to delay the examination of a reissue application must be filed with the appropriate Technology Center and accompanied by a fee, explaining the necessity for the extension.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Protest Timing RequirementsExaminer Action on ProtestStatutory Authority for Examination
Topic

Notice of Allowance Form and Content

3 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-a4a39f36fe3fbf48aa697ceb]
Protest Allowed Throughout Reissue Pendency Before Notice of Allowance
Note:
A protest in a reissue application can be filed at any time before notice of allowance is given, subject to examination timing constraints.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Notice of Allowance Form and ContentProtest Timing RequirementsExaminer Action on Protest
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-10502811e6172e78f0b6edc5]
Extension of Protest Period for Reissue Applications
Note:
A protestor must file a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and pay the required fee before the 2-month period following announcement in the Official Gazette to extend the protest period.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Notice of Allowance Form and ContentExaminer Action on ProtestReissue Fees
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1901-04-5002d675323c40b0c34b20ee]
Extension of Protest Period for Reissue Applications
Note:
Requests for extending the protest period must be justified, timely filed as a petition, and demonstrate necessity.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Notice of Allowance Form and ContentProtest with Applicant ConsentService of Protest
Topic

Examiner Action on Protest

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-02181af040c8523220267cff]
Protest Must Be Filed Within 2 Months of Official Gazette Announcement
Note:
A protest regarding a reissue application must be filed within 2 months after its announcement in the Official Gazette.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Examiner Action on ProtestReissue Application FilingProtest Practice
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-044e85e9f1f072f6f791d84b]
Protest After Exam Action Allowed With Explanation
Note:
A protest in a reissue application can be submitted after examiner action if filed within the extended period, but an explanation is required.

A protest filed in a reissue application is not a "form of preissuance opposition to the grant of a patent" because the patent to be reissued has already been granted. Thus, a protest may be filed in a reissue application throughout the pendency of the reissue application prior to the date a notice of allowance is given or mailed subject to the timing constraint of the examination. A protest with regard to a reissue application should, however, be filed within the 2-month period following announcement of the filing of the reissue application in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1441.01. If, for some reason, the protest of the reissue application cannot be filed within the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441, the protest can be submitted at a later time, but the protestor must be aware that reissue applications are “special” and a later filed protest may be received after action by the examiner. Any request by a protestor in a reissue application for an extension of the 2-month period following the announcement in the Official Gazette, and a delay of the examination until the extended period expires, will be considered only if filed in the form of a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and accompanied by the petition fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(f). The petition under 37 CFR 1.182 and the petition fee must be filed prior to the expiration of the 2-month period provided by MPEP § 1441. The petition must explain why the additional time is necessary and the nature of the protest intended. A copy of such petition must be served upon applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the appropriate Technology Center (TC) which will forward the petition to the Office of Patent Legal Administration for decision. Any such petition will be critically reviewed as to demonstrate need before being granted since the delay of examination of a reissue application of another party is being requested. Accordingly, the requests should be made only where necessary, for the minimum period required, and with a justification establishing the necessity for the extension.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Examiner Action on ProtestProtestor LimitationsProtest Handling Procedure
Topic

Reissue Patent Practice

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-d20fc3afbe090da31afb2b27]
Petitions to Waive Reissue Delay Allowed in Specific Cases
Note:
Protestors can file petitions under 37 CFR 1.182 to waive the 2-month delay period for reissue applications if appropriate circumstances are met.

If the protest is a “REISSUE LITIGATION” protest, it is particularly important that it be filed early if protestor wishes it considered at the time the Office first acts on the application. Protestors should be aware that the Office will entertain petitions from reissue applicants under 37 CFR 1.182 to waive the 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 in appropriate circumstances. Accordingly, protestors to reissue applications cannot automatically assume that the full 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 will always be available.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue Patent PracticeDisclosure of LitigationReissue and Litigation
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-ed8469eac6edbe05c4477e5b]
Protestors Cannot Assume Full 2-Month Delay
Note:
Protestors to reissue applications must not assume the full 2-month delay period is always available and should file early if they wish it considered at the Office's first action on the application.

If the protest is a “REISSUE LITIGATION” protest, it is particularly important that it be filed early if protestor wishes it considered at the time the Office first acts on the application. Protestors should be aware that the Office will entertain petitions from reissue applicants under 37 CFR 1.182 to waive the 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 in appropriate circumstances. Accordingly, protestors to reissue applications cannot automatically assume that the full 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 will always be available.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue Patent PracticeDisclosure of LitigationReissue and Litigation
Topic

Allowance of International Design

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-b2bb7976c48269d5dc043219]
Timely Protest Before Allowance Notification
Note:
A protest must be filed before the allowance notification or application publication, or with applicant consent before allowance.

Pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(b), a protest is timely if (1) filed prior to the date the application was published under 37 CFR 1.211 or the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed, whichever occurs first, or (2) accompanied by written consent of the applicant and filed prior to the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed in the application. Publication under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) of an international application would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371. Likewise, publication under the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs by WIPO of an international registration would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a nonprovisional international design application.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291(b)Allowance of International DesignApplicant RequirementsProtest with Applicant Consent
Topic

Applicant Eligibility

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-646e647ca27cbab33b5a0fec]
Publication Does Not End Protest Period
Note:
The publication of an international application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) by WIPO does not end the time period for submitting a protest in a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371.

Pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(b), a protest is timely if (1) filed prior to the date the application was published under 37 CFR 1.211 or the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed, whichever occurs first, or (2) accompanied by written consent of the applicant and filed prior to the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed in the application. Publication under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) of an international application would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371. Likewise, publication under the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs by WIPO of an international registration would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a nonprovisional international design application.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291(b)Applicant EligibilityHague Agreement OverviewNationals and Residents
Topic

Hague Definitions

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-77303715dceaec20fd767b56]
Publication Does Not End Protest Period
Note:
Publication under the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement by WIPO does not end the time period for submitting a protest in a nonprovisional international design application.

Pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(b), a protest is timely if (1) filed prior to the date the application was published under 37 CFR 1.211 or the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed, whichever occurs first, or (2) accompanied by written consent of the applicant and filed prior to the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed in the application. Publication under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) of an international application would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371. Likewise, publication under the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs by WIPO of an international registration would not trigger the end of the 37 CFR 1.291(b) time period for submitting a protest in a nonprovisional international design application.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291(b)Hague DefinitionsHague Agreement OverviewPublication Language
Topic

Protest Practice

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1901-04-8b8f32a4e1e721a21f149d42]
Protest Must Be Submitted Promptly After Awareness of Application
Note:
A protest should be submitted as soon as possible after becoming aware of the application to which it is directed, ensuring maximum benefit to the Office in its examination.

As a practical matter, any protest should be submitted as soon as possible after the protestor becomes aware of the existence of the application to which the protest is to be directed. By submitting a protest early in the examination process, i.e., before the Office acts on the application if possible, the protestor ensures that the protest will be of the most benefit to the Office in its examination of the application. A protest submitted on or after the date a notice of allowance under 37 CFR 1.311 was given or mailed will not be entered and will be discarded pursuant to 37 CFR 1.291(g).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.311Protest PracticeProtest Timing RequirementsStatutory Authority for Examination
Topic

Prior Art Submissions in Protests

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-eef80790190b7dc6018f7730]
Protest Allowed Before Allowance If Pending
Note:
A protest filed after final rejection but before allowance, and complying with all requirements, may be considered if the application is still pending. However, prosecution will not typically be reopened if the cited prior art in the protest is merely cumulative of that in the final rejection.

A protest filed after final rejection (and prior to the date the notice of allowance is given or mailed) and complying with all the requirements of 37 CFR 1.291 will be considered if the application is still pending. However, prosecution will not ordinarily be reopened after final rejection if the prior art cited in the protest is merely cumulative of the prior art cited in the final rejection.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291Prior Art Submissions in ProtestsProtest Timing RequirementsProtest Content and Evidence
Topic
1 rules
Topic

Reissue Application Filing

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-b029597e578d73082d3155ea]
Protest of Reissue Application After Two Months Not Needing Entry Petition Unless Final Rejection Issued
Note:
A protest submitted after the two-month period for a reissue application does not require an entry petition unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits is closed.

Where a protest of a reissue application is submitted after the 2-month period, no petition for entry of the protest under 37 CFR 1.182 is needed with respect to the protest being submitted after the 2 months, unless a final rejection has been issued or prosecution on the merits has been closed for the reissue application. See MPEP § 1441.01. In situations where a final rejection has been issued, or prosecution on the merits has been otherwise closed, a petition under 37 CFR 1.182 along with the petition fee under 37 CFR 1.17(f) must be submitted with the protest. The petition must include an explanation as to why the additional time was necessary and identify the nature of the protest submitted. A copy of the petition must be served upon the applicant in accordance with 37 CFR 1.248. The petition should be directed to the Office of Petitions.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Reissue Application FilingReissue Patent PracticeReissue Fees
Topic

Disclosure of Litigation

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1901-04-37bf2db0201eb682159a159c]
Early Filing Required for Reissue Litigation Protest
Note:
Protestors must file early if they wish their protest to be considered when the Office first acts on reissue applications.

If the protest is a “REISSUE LITIGATION” protest, it is particularly important that it be filed early if protestor wishes it considered at the time the Office first acts on the application. Protestors should be aware that the Office will entertain petitions from reissue applicants under 37 CFR 1.182 to waive the 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 in appropriate circumstances. Accordingly, protestors to reissue applications cannot automatically assume that the full 2-month delay period of MPEP § 1441 will always be available.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.182Disclosure of LitigationReissue and LitigationReissue Patent Practice

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Allowance of International Design
Applicant Eligibility
Hague Definitions
35 U.S.C. § 371
Examiner Action on Protest
Notice of Allowance Form and Content
Protest Timing Requirements
Protest with Applicant Consent
Reissue Application Filing
Reissue Fees
37 CFR § 1.17(f)
Disclosure of Litigation
Examiner Action on Protest
Notice of Allowance Form and Content
Protest Timing Requirements
Protest with Applicant Consent
Reissue Application Filing
Reissue Fees
Reissue Patent Practice
37 CFR § 1.182
Allowance of International Design
Applicant Eligibility
Hague Definitions
37 CFR § 1.211
Examiner Action on Protest
Notice of Allowance Form and Content
Protest Timing Requirements
Protest with Applicant Consent
Reissue Application Filing
Reissue Fees
37 CFR § 1.248
Prior Art Submissions in Protests37 CFR § 1.291
Allowance of International Design
Applicant Eligibility
Hague Definitions
37 CFR § 1.291(b)
Protest Practice
Protest Timing Requirements
37 CFR § 1.291(g)
Allowance of International Design
Applicant Eligibility
Hague Definitions
Protest Practice
Protest Timing Requirements
37 CFR § 1.311
Disclosure of Litigation
Examiner Action on Protest
Notice of Allowance Form and Content
Protest Timing Requirements
Protest with Applicant Consent
Reissue Fees
Reissue Patent Practice
MPEP § 1441
Examiner Action on Protest
Notice of Allowance Form and Content
Protest Timing Requirements
Protest with Applicant Consent
Reissue Application Filing
Reissue Fees
MPEP § 1441.01

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2026-01-17