How do reversal, duplication, or rearrangement of parts affect patentability?

Reversal, duplication, or rearrangement of parts generally have limited impact on patentability unless they produce unexpected results or solve a specific problem. According to MPEP 2144.04, these changes are often considered obvious modifications. Reversal of Parts: “mere reversal of such movement… was held to be an obvious modification.” (In re Gazda) Duplication of Parts: “mere…

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How does MPEP 2144.04 address reversal, duplication, or omission of parts in patent applications?

How does MPEP 2144.04 address reversal, duplication, or omission of parts in patent applications? MPEP 2144.04 addresses reversal, duplication, and omission of parts in patent applications through specific subsections: Reversal of Parts (VI)(A): “The mere reversal of the working parts of a device involves only routine skill in the art.” – In re Gazda, 219…

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