MPEP § 717.01(c) — Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration; Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations (Annotated Rules)

§717.01(c) Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration; Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 717.01(c), including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration; Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations

This section addresses Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration; Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 118, 37 CFR 1.130, and 37 CFR 1.91. Contains: 3 requirements, 1 permission, and 2 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

PTAB Jurisdiction

2 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-e66e2c53373f294bd35266b9]
Applicant or Patent Owner Must File Affidavits
Note:
The applicant or patent owner, not the inventor, must file affidavits or declarations containing relevant facts.

Anyone who has knowledge of the facts discussed in the declaration may sign a declaration under 37 CFR 1.130. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.130, however, it is the applicant or patent owner who may submit (i.e., file) an affidavit or declaration. When an assignee, obligated assignee, or person showing sufficient proprietary interest is the applicant under 35 U.S.C. 118 the applicant or their representative must be the party that files the affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130 even if the inventor or any party with knowledge of the relevant facts signed the affidavit or declaration. In other words, the affidavit or declaration must be filed by a party having authority to take action in the application. Authority to file papers in an application generally does not lie with the inventor if the inventor is not the applicant. See MPEP § 2155.05.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130PTAB JurisdictionPTAB Contested Case ProceduresInventor Signature Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-f5a6ea19fca95a7ee5c6f184]
Inventor Cannot File Papers If Not Applicant
Note:
An inventor cannot submit papers in an application unless they are the applicant. The filing must be done by someone with authority, typically the applicant or their representative.

Anyone who has knowledge of the facts discussed in the declaration may sign a declaration under 37 CFR 1.130. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.130, however, it is the applicant or patent owner who may submit (i.e., file) an affidavit or declaration. When an assignee, obligated assignee, or person showing sufficient proprietary interest is the applicant under 35 U.S.C. 118 the applicant or their representative must be the party that files the affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130 even if the inventor or any party with knowledge of the relevant facts signed the affidavit or declaration. In other words, the affidavit or declaration must be filed by a party having authority to take action in the application. Authority to file papers in an application generally does not lie with the inventor if the inventor is not the applicant. See MPEP § 2155.05.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130PTAB JurisdictionPTAB Contested Case ProceduresInventor Signature Requirements
Topic

PTAB Contested Case Procedures

2 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-aa189f2a1a2e61443ec53e7b]
Applicant Must File Affidavits Under 37 CFR 1.130
Note:
The applicant or their representative must file any affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130, even if signed by someone else with knowledge of the facts.

Anyone who has knowledge of the facts discussed in the declaration may sign a declaration under 37 CFR 1.130. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.130, however, it is the applicant or patent owner who may submit (i.e., file) an affidavit or declaration. When an assignee, obligated assignee, or person showing sufficient proprietary interest is the applicant under 35 U.S.C. 118 the applicant or their representative must be the party that files the affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130 even if the inventor or any party with knowledge of the relevant facts signed the affidavit or declaration. In other words, the affidavit or declaration must be filed by a party having authority to take action in the application. Authority to file papers in an application generally does not lie with the inventor if the inventor is not the applicant. See MPEP § 2155.05.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130PTAB Contested Case ProceduresPTAB JurisdictionInventor Signature Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-19364a5d15e946eff35f4d78]
Affidavit Must Be Filed by Authorized Party
Note:
An affidavit or declaration must be submitted by an authorized party, such as the applicant or someone with sufficient proprietary interest, not just anyone who knows the facts.

Anyone who has knowledge of the facts discussed in the declaration may sign a declaration under 37 CFR 1.130. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.130, however, it is the applicant or patent owner who may submit (i.e., file) an affidavit or declaration. When an assignee, obligated assignee, or person showing sufficient proprietary interest is the applicant under 35 U.S.C. 118 the applicant or their representative must be the party that files the affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130 even if the inventor or any party with knowledge of the relevant facts signed the affidavit or declaration. In other words, the affidavit or declaration must be filed by a party having authority to take action in the application. Authority to file papers in an application generally does not lie with the inventor if the inventor is not the applicant. See MPEP § 2155.05.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130PTAB Contested Case ProceduresPTAB JurisdictionInventor Signature Requirements
Topic

Access to Oath/Declaration

2 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-3d360c1bd4dbfdcf4a2d1ef4]
Exhibits Must Comply with Requirements to Enter Application File
Note:
Exhibits, such as those filed in affidavits or declarations under 37 CFR 1.130, must meet the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 to be included in an application file.

Exhibits, such as those filed as part of an affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130, must comply with the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 to be entered into an application file. Exhibits that do not comply with the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 will be disposed of or returned to applicant at the discretion of the Office. See also MPEP § 608.03(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Access to Oath/DeclarationAccess to Specific Document TypesAccess to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106)
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-cc93f05214d95f9207d48b6b]
Requirement for Compliance with 37 CFR 1.91
Note:
Exhibits, such as those in affidavits or declarations, must comply with the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 to be entered into an application file.

Exhibits, such as those filed as part of an affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130, must comply with the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 to be entered into an application file. Exhibits that do not comply with the requirements of 37 CFR 1.91 will be disposed of or returned to applicant at the discretion of the Office. See also MPEP § 608.03(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Access to Oath/DeclarationAccess to Specific Document TypesAccess to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106)
Topic

AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-e9ac523fbe766d814c4a6d13]
Requirement for AIA Applications
Note:
This rule applies to applications subject to the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA, detailing requirements and procedures.

[Editor Note: This MPEP section is only applicable to applications subject to the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA. See 35 U.S.C. 100 (note) and MPEP § 2159. For applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103, see MPEP § 716.10 for affidavits or declarations of attribution under 37 CFR 1.132.]

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.132AIA vs Pre-AIA PracticeAntedating Reference – Pre-AIA (MPEP 2136.05)Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
Topic

Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-717-01-c-fa3ed2e71ed7da293d1bd321]
Requirement for Affidavits or Declarations Under Pre-AIA 102 and 103
Note:
For applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103, affidavits or declarations of attribution under 37 CFR 1.132 must be provided as required.

[Editor Note: This MPEP section is only applicable to applications subject to the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA. See 35 U.S.C. 100 (note) and MPEP § 2159. For applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103, see MPEP § 716.10 for affidavits or declarations of attribution under 37 CFR 1.132.]

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.132Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)Obviousness Under Pre-AIA (MPEP 2141-2146)Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
35 U.S.C. § 100
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
35 U.S.C. § 102
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
35 U.S.C. § 103
PTAB Contested Case Procedures
PTAB Jurisdiction
35 U.S.C. § 118
Access to Oath/Declaration
PTAB Contested Case Procedures
PTAB Jurisdiction
37 CFR § 1.130
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
37 CFR § 1.132
37 CFR § 1.68
Access to Oath/Declaration37 CFR § 1.91
PTAB Contested Case Procedures
PTAB Jurisdiction
MPEP § 2155.05
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
MPEP § 2159
Access to Oath/DeclarationMPEP § 608.03(a)
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Obviousness Under AIA (MPEP 2158)
MPEP § 716.10

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31