MPEP § 706.07(b) — Final Rejection, When Proper on First Action (Annotated Rules)

§706.07(b) Final Rejection, When Proper on First Action

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 706.07(b), including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Final Rejection, When Proper on First Action

This section addresses Final Rejection, When Proper on First Action. Primary authority: 37 CFR 1.114), 37 CFR 1.114, and 37 CFR 1.145. Contains: 1 requirement, 1 prohibition, and 3 permissions.

Key Rules

Topic

First Action on Merits (FAOM)

3 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-e7cc65829d41e6fe55fcf479]
Final Rejection on First Office Action or After RCE
Note:
Claims may be finally rejected in the first Office action or immediately after filing a request for continued examination with a submission and fee.

In certain situations, the claims of a new application may be finally rejected in the first Office action or the claims of an application for which a request for continued examination (RCE) has been filed may be finally rejected in the action immediately subsequent to the filing of the RCE (with a submission and fee under 37 CFR 1.114).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.114)First Action on Merits (FAOM)Types of Office ActionsNon-Final Office Action
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-e586876ba03de0dc7d907ba0]
Final Rejection of New Application Claims
Note:
Claims in a new application that are identical, patentably indistinct, or have unity of invention with the earlier application and would have been rejected if entered in the earlier application can be finally rejected in the first Office action.

For a new application, claims may be finally rejected in the first Office action when (A) the new application is a continuing application of, or a substitute for, an earlier application, and (B) all claims of the new application (1) are identical to, patentably indistinct from, or have unity of invention with, the claims in the earlier application (in other words, restriction (including lack of unity) would not have been proper if the new or amended claims had been entered in the earlier application), and (2) would have been properly finally rejected on the grounds and art of record in the next Office action if they had been entered in the earlier application.

Jump to MPEP SourceFirst Action on Merits (FAOM)Types of Office ActionsNon-Final Office Action
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-880354d855079d59c11a8903]
Final Rejection After RCE When Claims Are Identical or Indistinct
Note:
Claims may be finally rejected in the first action following an RCE if they are identical, patentably indistinct, or lack unity of invention with previous claims.

For an application in which an RCE has been filed, claims may be finally rejected in the first action following the filing of the RCE (with a submission and fee under 37 CFR 1.114) when all the claims in the application after the entry of the submission under 37 CFR 1.114 and any entered supplemental amendments (A) are identical to, patentably indistinct from, or have unity of invention with the claims in the application prior to the entry of the submission under 37 CFR 1.114 (in other words, restriction (including lack of unity of invention) would not have been proper if the new or amended claims had been entered prior to the filing of the RCE), and (B) would have been properly finally rejected on the grounds and art of record in the next Office action if they had been entered in the application prior to the filing of the RCE under 37 CFR 1.114. Note that applicants cannot use an RCE to obtain continued examination on the basis of claims that are independent and distinct from, or lack unity of invention with, the claims previously claimed and examined as a matter of right (i.e., applicant cannot switch inventions). See 37 CFR 1.145 and MPEP § 706.07(h), subsection VI. Therefore, condition (A) is always met where the RCE is accompanied by a submission that will be entered as a matter of right.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.114)First Action on Merits (FAOM)First Action on MeritsTypes of Office Actions
Topic

Reissue and Reexamination

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-69385ceaf477c7679b9eace6]
Form Paragraph Not Allowed In Reissue Litigation Or Reexamination
Note:
This form paragraph cannot be used in reissue litigation cases (1 month) or during reexamination proceedings (1 or 2 months).

3. This form paragraph should not be used in reissue litigation cases (SSP- 1 month) or in reexamination proceedings (SSP-1 or 2 months).

37 CFR 1.77Reissue and ReexaminationDisclosure of LitigationConcurrent Reissue Proceedings
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-aaffc583a564177cce04ebaf]
Reissue Not Available In Litigation
Note:
This rule prohibits the use of 37 CFR 1.136(a) in reissue litigation cases and during reexamination proceedings.

4. 37 CFR 1.136(a) should not be available in a reissue litigation case and is not available in reexamination proceedings.

37 CFR 1.77 · 37 CFR 1.136(a)Reissue and ReexaminationDisclosure of LitigationConcurrent Reissue Proceedings
Topic

RCE Filing Requirements

1 rules
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-631f939084b1a917c102afcd]
RCE Cannot Introduce New Inventions
Note:
Applicants cannot use an RCE to introduce claims that are independent and distinct from, or lack unity of invention with, previously examined claims.

For an application in which an RCE has been filed, claims may be finally rejected in the first action following the filing of the RCE (with a submission and fee under 37 CFR 1.114) when all the claims in the application after the entry of the submission under 37 CFR 1.114 and any entered supplemental amendments (A) are identical to, patentably indistinct from, or have unity of invention with the claims in the application prior to the entry of the submission under 37 CFR 1.114 (in other words, restriction (including lack of unity of invention) would not have been proper if the new or amended claims had been entered prior to the filing of the RCE), and (B) would have been properly finally rejected on the grounds and art of record in the next Office action if they had been entered in the application prior to the filing of the RCE under 37 CFR 1.114. Note that applicants cannot use an RCE to obtain continued examination on the basis of claims that are independent and distinct from, or lack unity of invention with, the claims previously claimed and examined as a matter of right (i.e., applicant cannot switch inventions). See 37 CFR 1.145 and MPEP § 706.07(h), subsection VI. Therefore, condition (A) is always met where the RCE is accompanied by a submission that will be entered as a matter of right.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.114)RCE Filing RequirementsSubmission with RCERCE vs Continuation Application
Topic

Final Office Action

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-2ead9456e3bcf494f2984634]
Proper First Office Action After RCE Denial
Note:
A first Office action cannot be made final if material from an earlier application, denied due to new issues or matter, is presented in a continuing or substitute application or after filing an RCE.

It would not be proper to make final a first Office action in a continuing or substitute application where that application contains material which was presented in the earlier application after final rejection or closing of prosecution but was denied entry because (A) new issues were raised that required further consideration and/or search, or (B) the issue of new matter was raised. Similarly, it would not be proper to make final a first Office action after the filing of an RCE where material was presented after final rejection or closing of prosecution and prior to the filing of the RCE, but was denied entry because (A) new issues were raised that required further consideration and/or search, or (B) the issue of new matter was raised.

Jump to MPEP SourceFinal Office ActionFirst Action on Merits (FAOM)After-Final Amendments
Topic

Continued Prosecution Applications

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-706-07-b-cd182375efce4706d9705214]
Final Rejection for Continued Prosecution Application in Design
Note:
This rule requires the examiner to issue a final rejection on the first action following submission of a Continued Prosecution Application under 37 CFR 1.53(d) for design applications only.

1. This form paragraph is for a first action final rejection in a Continued Prosecution Application filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d) (design applications only).

37 CFR 1.77 · 37 CFR 1.53(d)Continued Prosecution ApplicationsApplication Types and Filing

Examiner Form Paragraphs

Examiner form paragraphs are standard language that you might see in an Office Action or communication from the USPTO. Examiners have latitude to change the form paragraphs, but you will often see this exact language.

¶ 7.41 ¶ 7.41 Action Is Final, First Action

This is a [1] of applicant’s earlier Application No. [2] . All claims are identical to, patentably indistinct from, or have unity of invention with the invention claimed in the earlier application (that is, restriction (including lack of unity) would not be proper) and could have been finally rejected on the grounds and art of record in the next Office action if they had been entered in the earlier application. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL even though it is a first action in this case. See MPEP § 706.07(b) . Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a) .

A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.

Citations

Primary topicCitation
First Action on Merits (FAOM)
RCE Filing Requirements
37 CFR § 1.114
Reissue and Reexamination37 CFR § 1.136(a)
First Action on Merits (FAOM)
RCE Filing Requirements
37 CFR § 1.145
Continued Prosecution Applications37 CFR § 1.53(d)
MPEP § 706.07(b)
First Action on Merits (FAOM)
RCE Filing Requirements
MPEP § 706.07(h)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31