MPEP § 602.01 — Naming the Inventor; Inventor’s Oath or Declaration (Annotated Rules)
§602.01 Naming the Inventor; Inventor's Oath or Declaration
This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 602.01, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.
Naming the Inventor; Inventor's Oath or Declaration
This section addresses Naming the Inventor; Inventor's Oath or Declaration. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 115(a), 35 U.S.C. 111(a), and 35 U.S.C. 371. Contains: 2 requirements, 1 prohibition, 6 guidance statements, 2 permissions, and 4 other statements.
Key Rules
Nonprovisional Applications
(b) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration. If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor's oath or declaration, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). Once an application data sheet or the inventor's oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If neither an application data sheet nor the inventor's oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(b) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration. If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor's oath or declaration, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). Once an application data sheet or the inventor's oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If neither an application data sheet nor the inventor's oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(b) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration. If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor's oath or declaration, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). Once an application data sheet or the inventor's oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If neither an application data sheet nor the inventor's oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors. (1) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application is that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). If an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 is not filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
Provisional Application Requirements
(c) The inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(c) The inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(c), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(c), unless the applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(c), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(c), unless the applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors.
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(2) The inventorship of a provisional application is that inventorship set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1).
Access to Oath/Declaration
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
Assignee as Applicant Signature
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors. (1) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application is that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). If an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 is not filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
(c) Any person authorized by the applicant may physically or electronically deliver an application for patent to the Office on behalf of the inventor or inventors, but an oath or declaration for the application (§ 1.63) can only be made in accordance with § 1.64.
(d) A showing may be required from the person filing the application that the filing was authorized where such authorization comes into question.
See MPEP §§ 602.08(b) and 605.02 for additional information.
For correction of inventorship, see MPEP § 602.01(c) et seq. Note that requests to correct the inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48 filed on or after September 16, 2012 (regardless of the application filing date) are treated by OPAP. If the request is granted, OPAP will correct the Office records and send a corrected filing receipt.
Oath/Declaration in National Stage
(e) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis.
37 CFR 1.41(e) provides that the inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Thus, the applicant in an international application may change inventorship as to the U.S. at the time of national stage entry by simply filing an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 naming the inventor or joint inventors. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. 37 CFR 1.41(e) does not provide the ability to name the inventor or joint inventors via the inventor’s oath or declaration even when an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 is not provided.
37 CFR 1.41(e) provides that the inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Thus, the applicant in an international application may change inventorship as to the U.S. at the time of national stage entry by simply filing an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 naming the inventor or joint inventors. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. 37 CFR 1.41(e) does not provide the ability to name the inventor or joint inventors via the inventor’s oath or declaration even when an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 is not provided.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors.
- (1) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application is that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). If an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 is not filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
- (2) The inventorship of a provisional application is that inventorship set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
- (3) In a nonprovisional application filed without an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 or a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1), the name, residence, and citizenship of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers pursuant to § 1.53(b) or § 1.53(c) are filed.
- (4) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is that inventorship set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. See § 1.497(d) and (f) for filing an oath or declaration naming an inventive entity different from the inventive entity named in the international application, or if a change to the inventive entity has been effected under PCT Rule 92bis subsequent to the execution of any declaration filed under PCT Rule 4.17(iv) (§ 1.48(f)(1) does not apply to an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371).
AIA Effective Dates
The inventor, or each individual who is a joint inventor of a claimed invention, in an application for patent (other than a provisional application) must execute an oath or declaration directed to the application, except as provided for in 37 CFR 1.64. See MPEP § 602.01(a) for the requirements of an inventor’s oath or declaration in an application filed on or after September 16, 2012. See MPEP § 602.01(b) for the requirements of an original oath or declaration in an application filed before September 16, 2012.
For applications filed prior to September 16, 2012, where the first-filed executed oath or declaration sets forth an inventive entity which is different from the inventive entity initially set forth at the time of filing of the application, the actual inventorship of the application will be taken from the executed oath or declaration. See Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(1).
For correction of inventorship, see MPEP § 602.01(c) et seq. Note that requests to correct the inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48 filed on or after September 16, 2012 (regardless of the application filing date) are treated by OPAP. If the request is granted, OPAP will correct the Office records and send a corrected filing receipt.
12-Month Pendency Period
(c) The inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(c), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(c), unless the applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors.
…
If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
Nationals and Residents
(e) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis.
37 CFR 1.41(e) provides that the inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Thus, the applicant in an international application may change inventorship as to the U.S. at the time of national stage entry by simply filing an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 naming the inventor or joint inventors. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. 37 CFR 1.41(e) does not provide the ability to name the inventor or joint inventors via the inventor’s oath or declaration even when an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 is not provided.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors.
…
(4) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is that inventorship set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. See § 1.497(d) and (f) for filing an oath or declaration naming an inventive entity different from the inventive entity named in the international application, or if a change to the inventive entity has been effected under PCT Rule 92bis subsequent to the execution of any declaration filed under PCT Rule 4.17(iv) (§ 1.48(f)(1) does not apply to an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371).
Hague Definitions
(f) The inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). Any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48.
37 CFR 1.41(f) was added to set forth the inventorship in an international design application designating the United States. Specifically, the inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). 37 CFR 1.41(f) further provides that any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48.
37 CFR 1.41(f) was added to set forth the inventorship in an international design application designating the United States. Specifically, the inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). 37 CFR 1.41(f) further provides that any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48.
Correspondence Address Requirements
Applicants who wish to take advantage of the ability to name the inventors in an application data sheet rather than the inventor’s oath or declaration should take care to ensure that an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b) is present on filing, or at least prior to the filing of any inventor’s oath or declaration in the application. If an inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in the application prior to the filing of an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b), the inventorship named in the inventor’s oath or declaration controls. For example, if an inventor’s oath or declaration naming only inventor “A” is present on filing without an accompanying application data sheet, and a signed application data sheet is filed naming inventors “A” and “B” is subsequently filed in the application, the application will be treated as naming only inventor “A” (the inventor provided in the inventor’s oath or declaration) until the inventorship is corrected under 37 CFR 1.48(a).
Applicants who wish to take advantage of the ability to name the inventors in an application data sheet rather than the inventor’s oath or declaration should take care to ensure that an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b) is present on filing, or at least prior to the filing of any inventor’s oath or declaration in the application. If an inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in the application prior to the filing of an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b), the inventorship named in the inventor’s oath or declaration controls. For example, if an inventor’s oath or declaration naming only inventor “A” is present on filing without an accompanying application data sheet, and a signed application data sheet is filed naming inventors “A” and “B” is subsequently filed in the application, the application will be treated as naming only inventor “A” (the inventor provided in the inventor’s oath or declaration) until the inventorship is corrected under 37 CFR 1.48(a).
Applicants who wish to take advantage of the ability to name the inventors in an application data sheet rather than the inventor’s oath or declaration should take care to ensure that an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b) is present on filing, or at least prior to the filing of any inventor’s oath or declaration in the application. If an inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in the application prior to the filing of an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b), the inventorship named in the inventor’s oath or declaration controls. For example, if an inventor’s oath or declaration naming only inventor “A” is present on filing without an accompanying application data sheet, and a signed application data sheet is filed naming inventors “A” and “B” is subsequently filed in the application, the application will be treated as naming only inventor “A” (the inventor provided in the inventor’s oath or declaration) until the inventorship is corrected under 37 CFR 1.48(a).
Conversion to Nonprovisional
(d) In a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers pursuant to § 1.53(b) or § 1.53(c) are filed.
(a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual inventor or inventors.
…
(3) In a nonprovisional application filed without an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 or a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1), the name, residence, and citizenship of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers pursuant to § 1.53(b) or § 1.53(c) are filed.
Inventorship for International Designs
(f) The inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). Any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48.
37 CFR 1.41(f) was added to set forth the inventorship in an international design application designating the United States. Specifically, the inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). 37 CFR 1.41(f) further provides that any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48.
AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
For applications filed prior to September 16, 2012, where the first-filed executed oath or declaration sets forth an inventive entity which is different from the inventive entity initially set forth at the time of filing of the application, the actual inventorship of the application will be taken from the executed oath or declaration. See Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(1).
As provided in pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(2), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1).
Application Types and Filing
(b) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration. If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor's oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor's oath or declaration, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). Once an application data sheet or the inventor's oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If neither an application data sheet nor the inventor's oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Documents Requiring Signature
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Treatment of Unsigned Documents
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Correspondence Signature Requirements
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Access to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106)
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
AIA Definition of Applicant (37 CFR 1.42)
(b) Unless the contrary is indicated the word “applicant” when used in these sections refers to the inventor or joint inventors who are applying for a patent, or to the person mentioned in §§ 1.42, 1.43 or 1.47 who is applying for a patent in place of the inventor.
AIA Oath/Declaration Requirements (37 CFR 1.63)
Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(1) defines the inventorship of a nonprovisional application as that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration filed to comply with the requirements of pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.63, except as provided for in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) and pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.63(d).
Inventorship Under AIA
For correction of inventorship, see MPEP § 602.01(c) et seq. Note that requests to correct the inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48 filed on or after September 16, 2012 (regardless of the application filing date) are treated by OPAP. If the request is granted, OPAP will correct the Office records and send a corrected filing receipt.
Citations
| Primary topic | Citation |
|---|---|
| Access to Oath/Declaration Access to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106) Application Types and Filing Conversion to Nonprovisional Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 35 U.S.C. § 111(a) |
| – | 35 U.S.C. § 115(a) |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | 35 U.S.C. § 371 |
| Application Types and Filing Assignee as Applicant Signature Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Oath/Declaration in National Stage Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.17(i) |
| 12-Month Pendency Period Oath/Declaration in National Stage Provisional Application Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.17(q) |
| Correspondence Address Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.33(b) |
| – | 37 CFR § 1.41(a) |
| AIA Effective Dates AIA Oath/Declaration Requirements (37 CFR 1.63) AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice | 37 CFR § 1.41(a)(1) |
| AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice | 37 CFR § 1.41(a)(2) |
| Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.41(b) |
| 12-Month Pendency Period Provisional Application Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.41(c) |
| Access to Oath/Declaration Access to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106) | 37 CFR § 1.41(d) |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | 37 CFR § 1.41(e) |
| Hague Definitions Inventorship for International Designs | 37 CFR § 1.41(f) |
| AIA Definition of Applicant (37 CFR 1.42) | 37 CFR § 1.42 |
| 12-Month Pendency Period AIA Effective Dates Application Types and Filing Assignee as Applicant Signature Hague Definitions Inventorship Under AIA Inventorship for International Designs Nonprovisional Applications Provisional Application Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.48 |
| Correspondence Address Requirements Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.48(a) |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | 37 CFR § 1.48(f)(1) |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | 37 CFR § 1.497(d) |
| 12-Month Pendency Period AIA vs Pre-AIA Practice Access to Oath/Declaration Access to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106) Conversion to Nonprovisional Oath/Declaration in National Stage Provisional Application Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.51(c)(1) |
| Access to Oath/Declaration Access to Patent Application Files (MPEP 101-106) Application Types and Filing Assignee as Applicant Signature Conversion to Nonprovisional Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Oath/Declaration in National Stage Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.53(b) |
| 12-Month Pendency Period Conversion to Nonprovisional Oath/Declaration in National Stage Provisional Application Requirements | 37 CFR § 1.53(c) |
| AIA Oath/Declaration Requirements (37 CFR 1.63) Application Types and Filing Assignee as Applicant Signature Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Oath/Declaration in National Stage Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.53(d)(4) |
| AIA Oath/Declaration Requirements (37 CFR 1.63) Assignee as Applicant Signature Conversion to Nonprovisional Nonprovisional Applications Oath/Declaration in National Stage | 37 CFR § 1.63 |
| AIA Oath/Declaration Requirements (37 CFR 1.63) Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.63(d) |
| AIA Effective Dates Assignee as Applicant Signature | 37 CFR § 1.64 |
| Application Types and Filing Correspondence Address Requirements Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nationals and Residents Nonprovisional Applications Oath/Declaration in National Stage Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.76 |
| Correspondence Signature Requirements Documents Requiring Signature Inventor Oath/Declaration Signature Nonprovisional Applications Treatment of Unsigned Documents | 37 CFR § 1.76(e) |
| – | MPEP § 2109 |
| AIA Effective Dates | MPEP § 602.01(a) |
| AIA Effective Dates | MPEP § 602.01(b) |
| AIA Effective Dates Assignee as Applicant Signature Inventorship Under AIA | MPEP § 602.01(c) |
| Assignee as Applicant Signature | MPEP § 602.08(b) |
| – | MPEP § 602.09 |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | PCT Rule 4.17(iv) |
| Nationals and Residents Oath/Declaration in National Stage | PCT Rule 92bis |
Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP
This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.
Official MPEP § 602.01 — Naming the Inventor; Inventor’s Oath or Declaration
Source: USPTO602.01 Naming the Inventor; Inventor’s Oath or Declaration [R-07.2022]
The inventor, or each individual who is a joint inventor of a claimed invention, in an application for patent (other than a provisional application) must execute an oath or declaration directed to the application, except as provided for in 37 CFR 1.64. See MPEP § 602.01(a) for the requirements of an inventor’s oath or declaration in an application filed on or after September 16, 2012. See MPEP § 602.01(b) for the requirements of an original oath or declaration in an application filed before September 16, 2012.
See MPEP § 2109 for the definition of, and requirements for, inventorship and MPEP §§ 602.09 and 2109.01 for information pertaining to joint inventorship.
I. NAMING INVENTORSHIP IN APPLICATION FILED ON OR AFTER SEPTEMBER 16, 2012[Editor Note: See subsection II., below, for naming inventorship in applications filed before September 16, 2012.]
37 CFR 1.41 Inventorship.
- (a) An application must include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the application.
- (b) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If neither an application data sheet nor the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
- (c) The inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
- (d) In a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers pursuant to § 1.53(b) or § 1.53(c) are filed.
- (e) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with § 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis.
- (f) The inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). Any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to § 1.48.
An application must include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the application (the inventorship). See 35 U.S.C. 115(a) and 37 CFR 1.41(a).
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(b), the applicant may name the inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 or in the inventor’s oath or declaration. The inventorship of a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration. An application data sheet must be signed to comply with 37 CFR 1.76. An unsigned application data sheet is treated as only a transmittal letter. See 37 CFR 1.76(e). If an application data sheet is not filed before or concurrently with the inventor’s oath or declaration, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the inventor’s oath or declaration except as provided in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) (continued prosecution applications for designs) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) (continuing applications). Once an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in a nonprovisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48(a). If neither an application data sheet nor inventor’s oath or declaration is filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b), unless the applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(i), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
Applicants who wish to take advantage of the ability to name the inventors in an application data sheet rather than the inventor’s oath or declaration should take care to ensure that an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b) is present on filing, or at least prior to the filing of any inventor’s oath or declaration in the application. If an inventor’s oath or declaration is filed in the application prior to the filing of an application data sheet under 37 CFR 1.76 that is signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.33(b), the inventorship named in the inventor’s oath or declaration controls. For example, if an inventor’s oath or declaration naming only inventor “A” is present on filing without an accompanying application data sheet, and a signed application data sheet is filed naming inventors “A” and “B” is subsequently filed in the application, the application will be treated as naming only inventor “A” (the inventor provided in the inventor’s oath or declaration) until the inventorship is corrected under 37 CFR 1.48(a).
As provided in 37 CFR 1.41(c), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1). Once a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is filed in a provisional application, any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48. If a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(c), unless the applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(q), supplying the name or names of the inventor or joint inventors.
37 CFR 1.41(d) provides that in either a nonprovisional application under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) filed without an application data sheet or the inventor’s oath or declaration, or in a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1), the name and residence of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers filed pursuant to 37 CFR 1.53(b) or (c) are filed. Naming the individuals known to be inventors or the persons believed to be the inventors may enable the Office to identify the application, if applicant does not know the application number. Where no inventor(s) is known and applicant cannot name a person believed to be an inventor on filing, the Office requests that an alphanumeric identifier be submitted for the application. The use of very short identifiers should be avoided to prevent confusion. Without supplying at least a unique identifying name the Office may have no ability or only a delayed ability to match any papers submitted after filing of the application and before issuance of an identifying application number with the application file. Any identifier used that is not an inventor’s name should be specific, alphanumeric characters of reasonable length, and should be presented in such a manner that it is clear to application processing personnel what the identifier is and where it is to be found. Failure to apprise the Office of an application identifier such as the names of the inventors or the alphanumeric identifier being used may result in applicants having to resubmit papers that could not be matched with the application and proof of the earlier receipt of such papers where submission was time dependent.
37 CFR 1.41(e) provides that the inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 filed with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371. Thus, the applicant in an international application may change inventorship as to the U.S. at the time of national stage entry by simply filing an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 with the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 naming the inventor or joint inventors. Unless the initial submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 is accompanied by an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 setting forth the inventor or joint inventors, the inventorship is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis . 37 CFR 1.41(e) does not provide the ability to name the inventor or joint inventors via the inventor’s oath or declaration even when an application data sheet in accordance with 37 CFR 1.76 is not provided.
37 CFR 1.41(f) was added to set forth the inventorship in an international design application designating the United States. Specifically, the inventorship of an international design application designating the United States is the creator or creators set forth in the publication of the international registration under Hague Agreement Article 10(3). 37 CFR 1.41(f) further provides that any correction of inventorship must be pursuant to 37 CFR 1.48.
II. NAMING INVENTORSHIP IN AN APPLICATION FILED BEFORE SEPTEMBER 16, 2012[Editor Note: See subsection I., above, for naming inventorship in applications filed on or after September 16, 2012.]
37 CFR 1.41 (pre‑AIA) Applicant for patent.
- (a) A patent is applied for in the name or names of the actual
inventor or inventors.
- (1) The inventorship of a nonprovisional application is that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63, except as provided for in §§ 1.53(d)(4) and 1.63(d). If an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 is not filed during the pendency of a nonprovisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(b), unless applicant files a paper, including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(i), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
- (2) The inventorship of a provisional application is that inventorship set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1). If a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1) is not filed during the pendency of a provisional application, the inventorship is that inventorship set forth in the application papers filed pursuant to § 1.53(c), unless applicant files a paper including the processing fee set forth in § 1.17(q), supplying or changing the name or names of the inventor or inventors.
- (3) In a nonprovisional application filed without an oath or declaration as prescribed by § 1.63 or a provisional application filed without a cover sheet as prescribed by § 1.51(c)(1), the name, residence, and citizenship of each person believed to be an actual inventor should be provided when the application papers pursuant to § 1.53(b) or § 1.53(c) are filed.
- (4) The inventorship of an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is that inventorship set forth in the international application, which includes any change effected under PCT Rule 92bis. See § 1.497(d) and (f) for filing an oath or declaration naming an inventive entity different from the inventive entity named in the international application, or if a change to the inventive entity has been effected under PCT Rule 92bis subsequent to the execution of any declaration filed under PCT Rule 4.17(iv) (§ 1.48(f)(1) does not apply to an international application entering the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371).
- (b) Unless the contrary is indicated the word “applicant” when used in these sections refers to the inventor or joint inventors who are applying for a patent, or to the person mentioned in §§ 1.42, 1.43 or 1.47 who is applying for a patent in place of the inventor.
- (c) Any person authorized by the applicant may physically or electronically deliver an application for patent to the Office on behalf of the inventor or inventors, but an oath or declaration for the application (§ 1.63) can only be made in accordance with § 1.64.
- (d) A showing may be required from the person filing the application that the filing was authorized where such authorization comes into question.
Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(1) defines the inventorship of a nonprovisional application as that inventorship set forth in the oath or declaration filed to comply with the requirements of pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.63, except as provided for in 37 CFR 1.53(d)(4) and pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.63(d).
For applications filed prior to September 16, 2012, where the first-filed executed oath or declaration sets forth an inventive entity which is different from the inventive entity initially set forth at the time of filing of the application, the actual inventorship of the application will be taken from the executed oath or declaration. See Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(1).
As provided in pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.41(a)(2), the inventorship of a provisional application is the inventor or joint inventors set forth in the cover sheet as prescribed by 37 CFR 1.51(c)(1).
See MPEP §§ 602.08(b) and 605.02 for additional information.
III. CORRECTION OF INVENTORSHIPFor correction of inventorship, see MPEP § 602.01(c)et seq. Note that requests to correct the inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48 filed on or after September 16, 2012 (regardless of the application filing date) are treated by OPAP. If the request is granted, OPAP will correct the Office records and send a corrected filing receipt.