MPEP § 317.03 — Effect of Recording (Annotated Rules)

§317.03 Effect of Recording

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 317.03, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Effect of Recording

This section addresses Effect of Recording.

Key Rules

Topic

Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)

4 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-e108a18f4b681d0b7e91ee53]
Recording Does Not Determine Document Validity
Note:
The recording of a document does not validate its content or affect patent application title.

The recording of a document is not a determination by the Office of the validity of the document or the effect that document has on the title to an application or patent. See Realvirt, LLC v. Lee, 195 F.Supp.3d 847, 862-3 (E.D. Va. 2016). When necessary, the Office will determine what effect a document has, including whether a party has the authority to take an action in a matter pending before the Office. See MPEP §§ 324 and 325.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)PTAB Contested Case Procedures
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-7e59a35b17c5ab5ad61d4e6a]
Recording Does Not Determine Validity
Note:
The recording of a document does not validate its content or impact on patent title; the Office will determine such effects if necessary.

The recording of a document is not a determination by the Office of the validity of the document or the effect that document has on the title to an application or patent. See Realvirt, LLC v. Lee, 195 F.Supp.3d 847, 862-3 (E.D. Va. 2016). When necessary, the Office will determine what effect a document has, including whether a party has the authority to take an action in a matter pending before the Office. See MPEP §§ 324 and 325.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)PTAB Contested Case Procedures
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-ad276a07d4782a62ce614691]
Conditional Assignments Treated as Absolute
Note:
An assignment that is conditionally executed will be treated by the Office as an absolute assignment, with no determination made on whether the condition has been fulfilled.

37 CFR 3.56 provides that an assignment, which at the time of its execution is conditional on a given act or event, will be treated by the Office as an absolute assignment. This rule serves as notification as to how a conditional assignment will be treated by the Office in any proceeding requiring a determination of the owner of an application, patent, or registration. Since the Office will not determine whether a condition has been fulfilled, the Office will treat the submission of such an assignment for recordation as signifying that the act or event has occurred. A security agreement that does not convey the right, title, and interest of a patent property is not a conditional assignment.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)Recording Security InterestsLicenses and Security Interests
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-66ac6cfb958e56f27a507424]
Unrecorded Assignment Not Superior to Bona Fide Purchaser
Note:
If an assignment is not timely recorded at the USPTO, it will not be superior to a bona fide purchaser who acquired rights for valuable consideration without knowledge of the unrecorded assignment.

In accordance with the subsequent purchaser provision in 35 U.S.C. 261, if an assignment is not timely recorded at the USPTO, the unrecorded assignment will not be superior to the rights acquired by a third party, i.e. a bona fide purchaser, for valuable consideration if that third party did not have knowledge of the unrecorded assignment. See CMS Industries, Inc. v. L.P.S. International, Ltd., 643 F.2d 289, 217 USPQ 20 (5th Cir. 1981).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)Assignability of Patents (35 U.S.C. 261)Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)
Topic

Recording Security Interests

3 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-f27a7a9b5787a1e1ef4adfad]
Conditional Assignments Treated as Absolute
Note:
The Office treats conditional assignments as absolute for recordation purposes, regardless of whether the condition has been fulfilled.

37 CFR 3.56 provides that an assignment, which at the time of its execution is conditional on a given act or event, will be treated by the Office as an absolute assignment. This rule serves as notification as to how a conditional assignment will be treated by the Office in any proceeding requiring a determination of the owner of an application, patent, or registration. Since the Office will not determine whether a condition has been fulfilled, the Office will treat the submission of such an assignment for recordation as signifying that the act or event has occurred. A security agreement that does not convey the right, title, and interest of a patent property is not a conditional assignment.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Recording Security InterestsLicenses and Security InterestsAssignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-1e36434324bd1e009de20fc1]
Submission of Conditional Assignments Signifies Occurrence
Note:
The Office treats the submission of a conditional assignment for recordation as evidence that the specified act or event has occurred, without determining if the condition is met.

37 CFR 3.56 provides that an assignment, which at the time of its execution is conditional on a given act or event, will be treated by the Office as an absolute assignment. This rule serves as notification as to how a conditional assignment will be treated by the Office in any proceeding requiring a determination of the owner of an application, patent, or registration. Since the Office will not determine whether a condition has been fulfilled, the Office will treat the submission of such an assignment for recordation as signifying that the act or event has occurred. A security agreement that does not convey the right, title, and interest of a patent property is not a conditional assignment.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Recording Security InterestsLicenses and Security InterestsAssignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-eea8e7e718db480b5c3d4afb]
Security Agreement Does Not Convey Patent Property Rights Is Not Conditional Assignment
Note:
A security agreement that fails to convey the right, title, and interest of a patent property is not considered a conditional assignment.

37 CFR 3.56 provides that an assignment, which at the time of its execution is conditional on a given act or event, will be treated by the Office as an absolute assignment. This rule serves as notification as to how a conditional assignment will be treated by the Office in any proceeding requiring a determination of the owner of an application, patent, or registration. Since the Office will not determine whether a condition has been fulfilled, the Office will treat the submission of such an assignment for recordation as signifying that the act or event has occurred. A security agreement that does not convey the right, title, and interest of a patent property is not a conditional assignment.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Recording Security InterestsLicenses and Security InterestsAssignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Topic

Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)

2 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-c500a852f827fcb0ec617de5]
Recording Does Not Determine Document Validity
Note:
The Office records documents without determining their validity or effect on application, patent, or registration titles.

The recording of a document pursuant to § 3.11 is not a determination by the Office of the validity of the document or the effect that document has on the title to an application, a patent, or a registration. When necessary, the Office will determine what effect a document has, including whether a party has the authority to take an action in a matter pending before the Office.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.11Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)Effect of Recording (MPEP 304-306)Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-504d47fe11435cc72c90fc80]
Office Will Determine Document Effect and Party Authority
Note:
The Office will assess the impact of a document and whether a party has the authority to act in a pending matter, even if recorded under § 3.11.

The recording of a document pursuant to § 3.11 is not a determination by the Office of the validity of the document or the effect that document has on the title to an application, a patent, or a registration. When necessary, the Office will determine what effect a document has, including whether a party has the authority to take an action in a matter pending before the Office.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.11Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)Effect of Recording (MPEP 304-306)Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Topic

PTAB Contested Case Procedures

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-f87ae79760b8f3b9c65ad99b]
Office Determines Document Authority and Effect
Note:
The Office will assess the effect of a document, including whether a party has authority to act in a pending matter.

The recording of a document is not a determination by the Office of the validity of the document or the effect that document has on the title to an application or patent. See Realvirt, LLC v. Lee, 195 F.Supp.3d 847, 862-3 (E.D. Va. 2016). When necessary, the Office will determine what effect a document has, including whether a party has the authority to take an action in a matter pending before the Office. See MPEP §§ 324 and 325.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56PTAB Contested Case ProceduresAssignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Topic

Assignability of Patents (35 U.S.C. 261)

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-317-03-3c951ed5e9d47295e51a3715]
Unrecorded Assignment Not Superior to Bona Fide Purchaser
Note:
If an assignment is not timely recorded at the USPTO, it will not be superior to rights acquired by a third party who purchased for valuable consideration without knowledge of the unrecorded assignment.

In accordance with the subsequent purchaser provision in 35 U.S.C. 261, if an assignment is not timely recorded at the USPTO, the unrecorded assignment will not be superior to the rights acquired by a third party, i.e. a bona fide purchaser, for valuable consideration if that third party did not have knowledge of the unrecorded assignment. See CMS Industries, Inc. v. L.P.S. International, Ltd., 643 F.2d 289, 217 USPQ 20 (5th Cir. 1981).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.56Assignability of Patents (35 U.S.C. 261)Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)Patent Ownership Fundamentals (MPEP 301)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Assignability of Patents (35 U.S.C. 261)
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
35 U.S.C. § 261
Constructive Notice (37 CFR 3.54)37 CFR § 3.11
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Recording Security Interests
37 CFR § 3.56
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
PTAB Contested Case Procedures
MPEP § 324

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31