MPEP § 2920.05(a) — Notification of Refusal (Annotated Rules)

§2920.05(a) Notification of Refusal

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2920.05(a), including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Notification of Refusal

This section addresses Notification of Refusal. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 171, 35 U.S.C. 102, and 37 CFR 1.1063. Contains: 8 requirements, 2 prohibitions, 2 guidance statements, 2 permissions, and 2 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Notification of Refusal

17 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-5e8116bbc773cbea0453439e]
Notification of Refusal Period for International Registrations
Note:
The prescribed period for notifying refusal of an international registration is six months from publication, but may be extended to 12 months in certain Contracting Parties.
(1) [Period for Notification of Refusal]
  • (a) The prescribed period for the notification of refusal of the effects of an international registration in accordance with Article 12(2) of the 1999 Act or Article 8(1) of the 1960 Act shall be six months from the publication of the international registration as provided for by Rule 26(3).
  • (b) Notwithstanding subparagraph (a), any Contracting Party whose Office is an Examining Office, or whose law provides for the possibility of opposition to the grant of protection, may, in a declaration, notify the Director General that, where it is designated under the 1999 Act, the period of six months referred to in that subparagraph shall be replaced by a period of 12 months.
  • (c) The declaration referred to in subparagraph (b) may also state that the international registration shall produce the effect referred to in Article 14(2)(a) of the 1999 Act at the latest
    • (i) at a time specified in the declaration which may be later than the date referred to in that Article but which shall not be more than six months after the said date or
    • (ii) at a time at which protection is granted according to the law of the Contracting Party where a decision regarding the grant of protection was unintentionally not communicated within the period applicable under subparagraph (a) or (b); in such a case, the Office of the Contracting Party concerned shall notify the International Bureau accordingly and endeavor to communicate such decision to the holder of the international registration concerned promptly thereafter.
Jump to MPEP SourceNotification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationHague Agreement Overview
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-20d1a4c65b094b61795035cd]
Refusal Notification Must Include Specific Details
Note:
The notification of refusal must include the Office making the notification, registration details, grounds for refusal, and other relevant information.
(2) [Notification of Refusal]
  • (a) The notification of any refusal shall relate to one international registration, shall be dated and shall be signed by the Office making the notification.
  • (b) The notification shall contain or indicate
    • (i) the Office making the notification,
    • (ii) the number of the international registration,
    • (iii) all the grounds on which the refusal is based together with a reference to the corresponding essential provisions of the law,
    • (iv) where the grounds on which the refusal is based refer to similarity with an industrial design which has been the subject of an earlier national, regional or international application or registration, the filing date and number, the priority date (if any), the registration date and number (if available), a copy of a reproduction of the earlier industrial design (if that reproduction is accessible to the public) and the name and address of the owner of the said industrial design, as provided for in the Administrative Instructions,
    • (v) where the refusal does not relate to all the industrial designs that are the subject of the international registration, those to which it relates or does not relate,
    • (vi) whether the refusal may be subject to review or appeal and, if so, the time limit, reasonable under the circumstances, for any request for review of, or appeal against, the refusal and the authority to which such request for review or appeal shall lie, with the indication, where applicable, that the request for review or the appeal has to be filed through the intermediary of a representative whose address is within the territory of the Contracting Party whose Office has pronounced the refusal, and (vii) the date on which the refusal was pronounced.
Jump to MPEP SourceNotification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationApplicant Eligibility
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-6a71655f8f8b308aec6d74c1]
Notification of Refusal Must Be Dated and Signed
Note:
The notification of any refusal must relate to one international registration, be dated, and signed by the Office making the notification.

(2) [Notification of Refusal] (a) The notification of any refusal shall relate to one international registration, shall be dated and shall be signed by the Office making the notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceNotification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationInternational Design Applications
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-88f014b3c7179b4c71c51961]
Notification Must Indicate Affected Designs
Note:
The notification must specify which industrial designs are refused and which are not.

(2) [Notification of Refusal]
(b) The notification shall contain or indicate

(v) where the refusal does not relate to all the industrial designs that are the subject of the international registration, those to which it relates or does not relate,

Jump to MPEP SourceNotification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationInternational Design Applications
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-d53da3230eb0d816d08a5530]
Notification of Refusal Must Contain Specific Information
Note:
A notification of refusal must include the international registration number, grounds for refusal, information about any earlier industrial design, and a time period for reply.
(a) A notification of refusal shall contain or indicate:
  • (1) The number of the international registration;
  • (2) The grounds on which the refusal is based;
  • (3) A copy of a reproduction of the earlier industrial design and information concerning the earlier industrial design, where the grounds of refusal refer to similarity with an industrial design that is the subject of an earlier application or registration;
  • (4) Where the refusal does not relate to all the industrial designs that are the subject of the international registration, those to which it relates or does not relate; and
  • (5) A time period for reply under §§ 1.134 and 1.136, where a reply to the notification of refusal is required.
Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationMandatory Application Elements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-15b77d425a33a3176d4c5d60]
Refusal Notification for Industrial Designs
Note:
The Office of a Contracting Party can refuse the effects of an international registration if it does not meet local protection conditions.

Under Article 12 of the Hague Agreement, “[t]he Office of any designated Contracting Party may, where the conditions for the grant of protection under the law of that Contracting Party are not met in respect of any or all of the industrial designs that are the subject of an international registration, refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of the international registration in the territory of the said Contracting Party, provided that no Office may refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of any international registration on the ground that requirements relating to the form or contents of the international design application that are provided for in this Act or the Regulations or are additional to, or different from, those requirements have not been satisfied under the law of the Contracting Party concerned.” This refusal of the effects of an international registration is called a “notification of refusal.” See Article 12(2). The notification of refusal is transmitted to the International Bureau who, without delay, transmits a copy of the notification to the holder of the international registration. Hague Agreement Rule 18 prescribes a time period for sending of the notification of refusal and the content of the notification.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalBasic Hague Agreement PrinciplesInternational Design Examination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-0193c5b140245381bbce2594]
Refusal Notification for Industrial Designs
Note:
The Office may refuse the effects of an international registration if certain conditions are not met in a Contracting Party's law.

Under Article 12 of the Hague Agreement, “[t]he Office of any designated Contracting Party may, where the conditions for the grant of protection under the law of that Contracting Party are not met in respect of any or all of the industrial designs that are the subject of an international registration, refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of the international registration in the territory of the said Contracting Party, provided that no Office may refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of any international registration on the ground that requirements relating to the form or contents of the international design application that are provided for in this Act or the Regulations or are additional to, or different from, those requirements have not been satisfied under the law of the Contracting Party concerned.” This refusal of the effects of an international registration is called a “notification of refusal.” See Article 12(2). The notification of refusal is transmitted to the International Bureau who, without delay, transmits a copy of the notification to the holder of the international registration. Hague Agreement Rule 18 prescribes a time period for sending of the notification of refusal and the content of the notification.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalHague DefinitionsHague Agreement Overview
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-ae54af62d9eb96ad9039c53b]
Content and Timeliness of Notification of Refusal for Industrial Designs
Note:
Hague Agreement Rule 18 requires the Office to notify the International Bureau promptly when an industrial design does not meet protection conditions, detailing the refusal reasons.

Under Article 12 of the Hague Agreement, “[t]he Office of any designated Contracting Party may, where the conditions for the grant of protection under the law of that Contracting Party are not met in respect of any or all of the industrial designs that are the subject of an international registration, refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of the international registration in the territory of the said Contracting Party, provided that no Office may refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of any international registration on the ground that requirements relating to the form or contents of the international design application that are provided for in this Act or the Regulations or are additional to, or different from, those requirements have not been satisfied under the law of the Contracting Party concerned.” This refusal of the effects of an international registration is called a “notification of refusal.” See Article 12(2). The notification of refusal is transmitted to the International Bureau who, without delay, transmits a copy of the notification to the holder of the international registration. Hague Agreement Rule 18 prescribes a time period for sending of the notification of refusal and the content of the notification.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalBasic Hague Agreement PrinciplesInternational Design Examination
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-1cf944c5c2e610cb7005245b]
Notification After Unintentional Delay Allowed
Note:
A notification of refusal can be sent after the 12-month period if the delay was unintentional.

In accordance with 37 CFR 1.1062(b), a notification of refusal is to be sent to the International Bureau within 12 months from the publication of the international registration where it appears that the applicant is not entitled to a patent under the law of the United States with respect to any industrial design that is the subject of the international registration. The notification of refusal may be sent after this 12-month period where the failure to send the notification within the 12-month period was unintentional.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1062(b)Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationHague Definitions
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-69f6f266b2789da2cc3291c9]
Examiner Must Include Cited References With Refusal Notification
Note:
The examiner must provide copies of all references cited in a refusal notification for design applications filed under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16.

As in the case of Office actions in design applications filed under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16, copies of references cited by the examiner should be included with the notification of refusal. In addition, because Hague Agreement Rule 18(2)(b)(iv) does not distinguish references used in a ground of refusal based on where the reference originated from, the examiner should also include any U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication used in a grounds of refusal (e.g., a rejection under 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103). See 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3). Copies of references cited by the applicant in an information disclosure statement do not need to be included with the notification of refusal.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3)Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationInternational Design Applications
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-5bd72ace3d899433a3cfabdd]
Examiner Must Include U.S. Patents in Refusal Notification
Note:
The examiner must include any U.S. patent or application publication used in a grounds of refusal when notifying the applicant of refusal.

As in the case of Office actions in design applications filed under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16, copies of references cited by the examiner should be included with the notification of refusal. In addition, because Hague Agreement Rule 18(2)(b)(iv) does not distinguish references used in a ground of refusal based on where the reference originated from, the examiner should also include any U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication used in a grounds of refusal (e.g., a rejection under 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103). See 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3). Copies of references cited by the applicant in an information disclosure statement do not need to be included with the notification of refusal.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3)Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationInternational Design Applications
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-a2d4d448e9426cc7ebe51052]
References Cited by Applicant Do Not Need to Be Included in Notification of Refusal
Note:
The examiner is not required to include copies of references cited by the applicant in an information disclosure statement with the notification of refusal.

As in the case of Office actions in design applications filed under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16, copies of references cited by the examiner should be included with the notification of refusal. In addition, because Hague Agreement Rule 18(2)(b)(iv) does not distinguish references used in a ground of refusal based on where the reference originated from, the examiner should also include any U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication used in a grounds of refusal (e.g., a rejection under 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103). See 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3). Copies of references cited by the applicant in an information disclosure statement do not need to be included with the notification of refusal.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063(a)(3)Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationInternational Design Applications
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-9154f13a557cb2ba7609c06a]
Notification of Refusal Requires Time Period for Reply to Avoid Abandonment
Note:
The notification of refusal must include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to prevent abandonment if a response is needed.

The notification of refusal should include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to avoid abandonment where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. This time period will normally be made in the Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319. Not all notifications of refusal will require a reply. For example, where the international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one design is cancelled by preliminary amendment prior to examination, and the remaining design is determined by the examiner to be allowable, then a notice of allowance will be sent concurrently with a notification of refusal, refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States with respect to the industrial design or designs that have been cancelled. Such a notification of refusal, otherwise known as a “Notification of Partial Refusal,” (Form PTO-2321) will be communicated to the International Bureau but will not set a time period for reply to the notification of refusal, as no reply to the refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Notification of RefusalResponse to RefusalInternational Design Examination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-be0a518a7d72879a67b694fd]
Reply Time Period for Notification of Refusal
Note:
The Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319, will include a time period for reply to avoid abandonment.

The notification of refusal should include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to avoid abandonment where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. This time period will normally be made in the Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319. Not all notifications of refusal will require a reply. For example, where the international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one design is cancelled by preliminary amendment prior to examination, and the remaining design is determined by the examiner to be allowable, then a notice of allowance will be sent concurrently with a notification of refusal, refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States with respect to the industrial design or designs that have been cancelled. Such a notification of refusal, otherwise known as a “Notification of Partial Refusal,” (Form PTO-2321) will be communicated to the International Bureau but will not set a time period for reply to the notification of refusal, as no reply to the refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Notification of RefusalNotice of Allowance Form and ContentInternational Design Examination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-609464051fc48804bc47b1b4]
No Reply Required for Partial Refusal
Note:
A notification of refusal may not require a reply when the remaining design is determined to be allowable.

The notification of refusal should include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to avoid abandonment where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. This time period will normally be made in the Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319. Not all notifications of refusal will require a reply. For example, where the international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one design is cancelled by preliminary amendment prior to examination, and the remaining design is determined by the examiner to be allowable, then a notice of allowance will be sent concurrently with a notification of refusal, refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States with respect to the industrial design or designs that have been cancelled. Such a notification of refusal, otherwise known as a “Notification of Partial Refusal,” (Form PTO-2321) will be communicated to the International Bureau but will not set a time period for reply to the notification of refusal, as no reply to the refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Notification of RefusalResponse to RefusalInternational Design Examination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-27af7b2873c0d32ded82e21a]
Applicant May Lack Patent Practitioner Before Refusal
Note:
Examiners should include a form paragraph in the refusal notification to remind applicants, who may not have retained a patent practitioner before receiving the notification, of signature requirements for replying.

The Hague system does not require any submission from the applicant to the USPTO to initiate examination of a nonprovisional international design application. In many cases the applicant will not have retained the services of an attorney or agent registered to practice before the USPTO (“patent practitioner”) prior to receipt of the notification of refusal. Where there is no patent practitioner of record, the examiner should include the following form paragraph in the refusal to remind applicants of the signature requirements applicable to a reply to a notification of refusal:

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalInternational Design ExaminationPower of Attorney by Assignee
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-ac9af8354c728e90db559be6]
Notification of Refusal Requires Applicant Signature
Note:
Examiners must include a form paragraph in refusals reminding applicants without a registered patent practitioner to sign their reply.

The Hague system does not require any submission from the applicant to the USPTO to initiate examination of a nonprovisional international design application. In many cases the applicant will not have retained the services of an attorney or agent registered to practice before the USPTO (“patent practitioner”) prior to receipt of the notification of refusal. Where there is no patent practitioner of record, the examiner should include the following form paragraph in the refusal to remind applicants of the signature requirements applicable to a reply to a notification of refusal:

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Notification of RefusalResponse to RefusalInternational Design Examination
Topic

Hague Agreement Overview

3 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-8394d7db3c4357ea8e3ae21c]
Notification Requirement for Unintentional Delayed Decision
Note:
The Office must notify the International Bureau and communicate a decision regarding protection if it was unintentionally not communicated within the specified period.

(1) [Period for Notification of Refusal]
(c) The declaration referred to in subparagraph (b) may also state that the international registration shall produce the effect referred to in Article 14(2)(a) of the 1999 Act at the latest

(ii) at a time at which protection is granted according to the law of the Contracting Party where a decision regarding the grant of protection was unintentionally not communicated within the period applicable under subparagraph (a) or (b); in such a case, the Office of the Contracting Party concerned shall notify the International Bureau accordingly and endeavor to communicate such decision to the holder of the international registration concerned promptly thereafter.

Jump to MPEP SourceHague Agreement OverviewStatement of GrantExamination by International Bureau
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-f59a3cdfe60788fc90de38e7]
Refusal Notification to International Bureau and Registration Holder
Note:
The Office must notify the International Bureau of refusal, which then sends a copy to the registration holder.

Under Article 12 of the Hague Agreement, “[t]he Office of any designated Contracting Party may, where the conditions for the grant of protection under the law of that Contracting Party are not met in respect of any or all of the industrial designs that are the subject of an international registration, refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of the international registration in the territory of the said Contracting Party, provided that no Office may refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of any international registration on the ground that requirements relating to the form or contents of the international design application that are provided for in this Act or the Regulations or are additional to, or different from, those requirements have not been satisfied under the law of the Contracting Party concerned.” This refusal of the effects of an international registration is called a “notification of refusal.” See Article 12(2). The notification of refusal is transmitted to the International Bureau who, without delay, transmits a copy of the notification to the holder of the international registration. Hague Agreement Rule 18 prescribes a time period for sending of the notification of refusal and the content of the notification.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Hague Agreement OverviewNotification of RefusalStatement of Grant
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-6bf8a8ab617a461fb406f676]
Notification of Partial Refusal Does Not Require Reply
Note:
A notification refusing certain industrial designs does not require a reply and sets no time period for response.

The notification of refusal should include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to avoid abandonment where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. This time period will normally be made in the Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319. Not all notifications of refusal will require a reply. For example, where the international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one design is cancelled by preliminary amendment prior to examination, and the remaining design is determined by the examiner to be allowable, then a notice of allowance will be sent concurrently with a notification of refusal, refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States with respect to the industrial design or designs that have been cancelled. Such a notification of refusal, otherwise known as a “Notification of Partial Refusal,” (Form PTO-2321) will be communicated to the International Bureau but will not set a time period for reply to the notification of refusal, as no reply to the refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Hague Agreement OverviewNotification of RefusalResponse to Refusal
Topic

Hague Definitions

3 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-b2d78db3943e4c3c90168765]
Office May Refuse Industrial Design Protection Where Local Requirements Not Met
Note:
The Office of a Contracting Party may refuse the effects of an international registration for industrial designs if local protection conditions are not satisfied, but cannot refuse based on additional or different requirements from the Hague Agreement.

Under Article 12 of the Hague Agreement, “[t]he Office of any designated Contracting Party may, where the conditions for the grant of protection under the law of that Contracting Party are not met in respect of any or all of the industrial designs that are the subject of an international registration, refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of the international registration in the territory of the said Contracting Party, provided that no Office may refuse the effects, in part or in whole, of any international registration on the ground that requirements relating to the form or contents of the international design application that are provided for in this Act or the Regulations or are additional to, or different from, those requirements have not been satisfied under the law of the Contracting Party concerned.” This refusal of the effects of an international registration is called a “notification of refusal.” See Article 12(2). The notification of refusal is transmitted to the International Bureau who, without delay, transmits a copy of the notification to the holder of the international registration. Hague Agreement Rule 18 prescribes a time period for sending of the notification of refusal and the content of the notification.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Hague DefinitionsDesignation of United StatesBasic Hague Agreement Principles
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-e92ffc9e8a51d6f55d3b3f6c]
Refusal Notification for Industrial Design
Note:
A notification must be sent to the International Bureau within 12 months from the publication of an international registration if the applicant is not entitled to a patent under U.S. law for any industrial design in the registration.

In accordance with 37 CFR 1.1062(b), a notification of refusal is to be sent to the International Bureau within 12 months from the publication of the international registration where it appears that the applicant is not entitled to a patent under the law of the United States with respect to any industrial design that is the subject of the international registration. The notification of refusal may be sent after this 12-month period where the failure to send the notification within the 12-month period was unintentional.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1062(b)Hague DefinitionsHague Agreement OverviewNotification of Refusal
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-e674134447ba22c1a3784dfa]
Cancellation or Abandonment of Industrial Designs
Note:
The grounds for refusal may include cancellation by amendment or express abandonment of industrial designs in an international design application.

The grounds of refusal may be in the form of a rejection based on a condition for patentability under title 35, United States Code (e.g., 35 U.S.C. 171, 102, 103, or 112), a requirement for restriction (where more than one independent and distinct design is presented in the application), and/or an objection (where not prohibited by Article 12(1) of the Hague Agreement). The grounds of refusal may also be based on applicant’s action taken prior to examination, including cancellation of industrial designs in the international design application by amendment, or by an express abandonment of the application pursuant to 37 CFR 1.138 or the renunciation of the designation of the United States (see MPEP § 2930).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.138Hague DefinitionsNotification of RefusalResponse to Refusal
Topic

Title Format Requirements

2 rules
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-d37a6b08b27df10b241cd69e]
Refusal Grounds for Patentability and Design Applications
Note:
The grounds of refusal may include rejections based on patentability conditions, requirement for restriction when multiple designs are presented, and objections where not prohibited by the Hague Agreement.

The grounds of refusal may be in the form of a rejection based on a condition for patentability under title 35, United States Code (e.g., 35 U.S.C. 171, 102, 103, or 112), a requirement for restriction (where more than one independent and distinct design is presented in the application), and/or an objection (where not prohibited by Article 12(1) of the Hague Agreement). The grounds of refusal may also be based on applicant’s action taken prior to examination, including cancellation of industrial designs in the international design application by amendment, or by an express abandonment of the application pursuant to 37 CFR 1.138 or the renunciation of the designation of the United States (see MPEP § 2930).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.138Title Format RequirementsDesign Title Requirements35 U.S.C. 112 Considerations
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-db245cdf27461c600cc771a3]
Objections on Application Form Not Prohibited
Note:
Objections based on form or content requirements of the Hague Agreement and its Regulations are not restricted by Article 12(1) when the International Bureau does not verify compliance.

Objections based on requirements relating to the form or content of the application provided for in the Hague Agreement and Regulations thereunder are not prohibited by Article 12(1) where the International Bureau is not responsible for verifying compliance with such requirements. Such may arise, for example, where the applicant submits amended drawings directly to the Office in the course of examination that fail to comply with the formal requirements applicable to reproductions under Hague Agreement Rule 9 and Part Four of the Administrative Instructions. Nor does Article 12(1) prohibit objections based on inconsistencies among the views of the reproductions or incorrect or inaccurate statements contained in the description.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Title Format RequirementsHague Agreement OverviewExamination by International Bureau
Topic

Registration Number on Signature

2 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-f4e2323766356d703597de6c]
Requirement for Unrepresented Applicant's Response
Note:
This rule requires adding a paragraph to notifications of refusal when no registered patent attorney or agent is appointed as the applicant's representative.

Add this paragraph at the end of a notification of refusal or other Office action where a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office has not been appointed as applicant's representative. If this paragraph was included in a prior Office action, it may be, but is not required to be, included in a subsequent Office action.

Jump to MPEP SourceRegistration Number on SignaturePractitioner Recognition and ConductMailing of Office Actions
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-01b225893d1e1f2d8d4b46d9]
Prior Office Action Not Required in Next Action
Note:
If a patent attorney or agent was not appointed as the applicant's representative, this paragraph must be included. It may but is not required to be repeated in subsequent Office actions.

Add this paragraph at the end of a notification of refusal or other Office action where a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office has not been appointed as applicant's representative. If this paragraph was included in a prior Office action, it may be, but is not required to be, included in a subsequent Office action.

Jump to MPEP SourceRegistration Number on SignaturePractitioner Recognition and ConductTypes of Office Actions
Topic

Foreign Priority for International Designs

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-589b0162c4a2220a04c0b64d]
Six-Month Notification Period for Refusal of International Registration
Note:
The prescribed period to notify refusal of an international registration is six months from its publication.

(1) [Period for Notification of Refusal] (a) The prescribed period for the notification of refusal of the effects of an international registration in accordance with Article 12(2) of the 1999 Act or Article 8(1) of the 1960 Act shall be six months from the publication of the international registration as provided for by Rule 26(3).

Jump to MPEP SourceForeign Priority for International DesignsNotification of RefusalInternational Design Examination
Topic

PTAB Contested Case Procedures

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-496f3b18568d67f578edb0d3]
Examination Office Can Extend Notification Period to 12 Months
Note:
An Examining Office or a country with opposition rights can declare to extend the notification period from six months to twelve months under the 1999 Act.

(1) [Period for Notification of Refusal]

(b) Notwithstanding subparagraph (a), any Contracting Party whose Office is an Examining Office, or whose law provides for the possibility of opposition to the grant of protection, may, in a declaration, notify the Director General that, where it is designated under the 1999 Act, the period of six months referred to in that subparagraph shall be replaced by a period of 12 months.

Jump to MPEP SourcePTAB Contested Case Procedures
Topic

Basic Hague Agreement Principles

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-ef70f1585ad86d746c82d350]
Declaration for International Registration Effect
Note:
The declaration must state that the international registration will have the effect specified in Article 14(2)(a) of the 1999 Act by a certain date.
(c) The declaration referred to in subparagraph (b) may also state that the international registration shall produce the effect referred to in Article 14(2)(a) of the 1999 Act at the latest
  • (i) at a time specified in the declaration which may be later than the date referred to in that Article but which shall not be more than six months after the said date or
  • (ii) at a time at which protection is granted according to the law of the Contracting Party where a decision regarding the grant of protection was unintentionally not communicated within the period applicable under subparagraph (a) or (b); in such a case, the Office of the Contracting Party concerned shall notify the International Bureau accordingly and endeavor to communicate such decision to the holder of the international registration concerned promptly thereafter.
Jump to MPEP SourceBasic Hague Agreement PrinciplesInternational Design ApplicationsHague Agreement Overview
Topic

International Filing Date

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-e7bcff314ce7404c2d4efa59]
Notification of Refusal Must Include Earlier Industrial Design Details
Note:
The notification of refusal must include details about any earlier industrial design that is similar, such as filing date, priority date, registration date, reproduction, and owner’s information.

(2) [Notification of Refusal]
(b) The notification shall contain or indicate

(iv) where the grounds on which the refusal is based refer to similarity with an industrial design which has been the subject of an earlier national, regional or international application or registration, the filing date and number, the priority date (if any), the registration date and number (if available), a copy of a reproduction of the earlier industrial design (if that reproduction is accessible to the public) and the name and address of the owner of the said industrial design, as provided for in the Administrative Instructions,

Jump to MPEP SourceInternational Filing DateNationals and ResidentsReceiving Office (RO/US)
Topic

Request Content and Form

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-6869903cd1e72c4c6d507df8]
Notification Must Contain Required Information
Note:
The notification must include the necessary details as specified.
(b) The notification shall contain or indicate
  • (i) the Office making the notification,
  • (ii) the number of the international registration,
  • (iii) all the grounds on which the refusal is based together with a reference to the corresponding essential provisions of the law,
  • (iv) where the grounds on which the refusal is based refer to similarity with an industrial design which has been the subject of an earlier national, regional or international application or registration, the filing date and number, the priority date (if any), the registration date and number (if available), a copy of a reproduction of the earlier industrial design (if that reproduction is accessible to the public) and the name and address of the owner of the said industrial design, as provided for in the Administrative Instructions,
  • (v) where the refusal does not relate to all the industrial designs that are the subject of the international registration, those to which it relates or does not relate,
  • (vi) whether the refusal may be subject to review or appeal and, if so, the time limit, reasonable under the circumstances, for any request for review of, or appeal against, the refusal and the authority to which such request for review or appeal shall lie, with the indication, where applicable, that the request for review or the appeal has to be filed through the intermediary of a representative whose address is within the territory of the Contracting Party whose Office has pronounced the refusal, and (vii) the date on which the refusal was pronounced.
Jump to MPEP SourceRequest Content and FormApplicant EligibilityHague Definitions
Topic

Period for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-2a201b9db70149105dc73a3f]
Time Period for Responding to Refusal Notification Required
Note:
A notification of refusal must include a time period for responding, as required by §§ 1.134 and 1.136.

(a) A notification of refusal shall contain or indicate:

(5) A time period for reply under §§ 1.134 and 1.136, where a reply to the notification of refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Period for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)
Topic

Mandatory Application Elements

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-83102d8e7d1d16ff69d683a5]
Contents of Notification of Refusal Required
Note:
The notification of refusal must include the international registration number, grounds for refusal, earlier industrial design details, affected designs, and reply time period.

The notification of refusal contains or indicates: (1) the number of the international registration; (2) the grounds on which the refusal is based; (3) a copy of a reproduction of the earlier industrial design and information concerning the earlier industrial design, where the grounds of refusal refer to similarity with an industrial design that is the subject of an earlier application or registration; (4) where the refusal does not relate to all the industrial designs that are the subject of the international registration, those to which it relates or does not relate; and (5) a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. See 37 CFR 1.1063(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Mandatory Application ElementsHague DefinitionsNotification of Refusal
Topic

Examination by International Bureau

1 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-c223dc3e08756d711573c7d1]
Amended Drawings Must Comply with Formal Requirements
Note:
The applicant must submit amended drawings that meet the formal requirements for reproductions under Hague Agreement Rule 9 and Part Four of the Administrative Instructions.

Objections based on requirements relating to the form or content of the application provided for in the Hague Agreement and Regulations thereunder are not prohibited by Article 12(1) where the International Bureau is not responsible for verifying compliance with such requirements. Such may arise, for example, where the applicant submits amended drawings directly to the Office in the course of examination that fail to comply with the formal requirements applicable to reproductions under Hague Agreement Rule 9 and Part Four of the Administrative Instructions. Nor does Article 12(1) prohibit objections based on inconsistencies among the views of the reproductions or incorrect or inaccurate statements contained in the description.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Examination by International BureauBasic Hague Agreement PrinciplesInternational Design Examination
Topic

Brief Description of Design

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-cb58ee00a54b68362ffddd10]
Objections on Inconsistent Views or Incorrect Statements Allowed
Note:
Article 12(1) permits objections based on inconsistencies among reproduction views and incorrect statements in the description during international design examination.

Objections based on requirements relating to the form or content of the application provided for in the Hague Agreement and Regulations thereunder are not prohibited by Article 12(1) where the International Bureau is not responsible for verifying compliance with such requirements. Such may arise, for example, where the applicant submits amended drawings directly to the Office in the course of examination that fail to comply with the formal requirements applicable to reproductions under Hague Agreement Rule 9 and Part Four of the Administrative Instructions. Nor does Article 12(1) prohibit objections based on inconsistencies among the views of the reproductions or incorrect or inaccurate statements contained in the description.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Brief Description of DesignTitle Format RequirementsTitle and Description
Topic

Timing of Preliminary Amendment

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-8650360117e90ea13a6bd7bf]
Notification of Partial Refusal for Cancelled Designs
Note:
When an international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one is cancelled by preliminary amendment, the examiner sends a notice of allowance along with a notification refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States for the cancelled design(s).

The notification of refusal should include a time period for reply under 37 CFR 1.134 and 1.136 to avoid abandonment where a reply to the notification of refusal is required. This time period will normally be made in the Office Action Summary, Form PTOL-326, accompanying a Notification of Refusal cover sheet, Form PTO-2319. Not all notifications of refusal will require a reply. For example, where the international registration contains multiple industrial designs and all but one design is cancelled by preliminary amendment prior to examination, and the remaining design is determined by the examiner to be allowable, then a notice of allowance will be sent concurrently with a notification of refusal, refusing the effects of the international registration in the United States with respect to the industrial design or designs that have been cancelled. Such a notification of refusal, otherwise known as a “Notification of Partial Refusal,” (Form PTO-2321) will be communicated to the International Bureau but will not set a time period for reply to the notification of refusal, as no reply to the refusal is required.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.134Timing of Preliminary AmendmentAmendments Adding New MatterPreliminary Amendments
Topic

Statutory Authority for Examination

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2920-05-a-3b550987255260e230d354f9]
No USPTO Submission Required for Design Exam Initiation
Note:
The Hague system allows nonprovisional international design applications to be examined without initial submission to the USPTO.

The Hague system does not require any submission from the applicant to the USPTO to initiate examination of a nonprovisional international design application. In many cases the applicant will not have retained the services of an attorney or agent registered to practice before the USPTO (“patent practitioner”) prior to receipt of the notification of refusal. Where there is no patent practitioner of record, the examiner should include the following form paragraph in the refusal to remind applicants of the signature requirements applicable to a reply to a notification of refusal:

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.1063Statutory Authority for ExaminationInternational Design ExaminationPower of Attorney by Assignee

Examiner Form Paragraphs

Examiner form paragraphs are standard language that you might see in an Office Action or communication from the USPTO. Examiners have latitude to change the form paragraphs, but you will often see this exact language.

¶ 29.100 ¶ 29.100 Reply Reminder

Applicant is reminded that any reply to this communication must be signed either by a patent practitioner (i.e., a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office) or by the applicant. If the applicant is a juristic entity, the reply must be signed by a patent practitioner. See 37 CFR 1.33(b) .

Examiner Note

Add this paragraph at the end of a notification of refusal or other Office action where a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office has not been appointed as applicant's representative. If this paragraph was included in a prior Office action, it may be, but is not required to be, included in a subsequent Office action.

¶ 29.101 ¶ 29.101 Discussion of the Merits of the Application

All discussions between the applicant and the examiner regarding the merits of a pending application will be considered an interview and are to be made of record. See MPEP § 713 . The examiner will not discuss the merits of the application with applicant's representative if the representative is not registered to practice before the USPTO. Appointment as applicant’s representative before the International Bureau pursuant to Rule 3 of the Common Regulations under the Hague Agreement does NOT entitle such representative to represent the applicant before the USPTO. Furthermore, an applicant that is a juristic entity must be represented by a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the USPTO. Additional information regarding interviews is set forth below.

Telephonic or in person interviews

A telephonic or in person interview may only be conducted with an attorney or agent registered to practice before the USPTO ("registered practitioner") or with a pro se applicant (an applicant who is the inventor and who is not represented by a registered practitioner).

The registered practitioner may either be of record or not of record. To become "of record," a power of attorney (POA) in accordance with 37 CFR 1.32 must be filed in the application. Form PTO/AIA/80 "Power of Attorney to Prosecute Applications Before the USPTO," available at www.uspto.gov/ patent/forms/forms-patent-applications-filed-or-after-september-16-2012 , may be used for this purpose. See MPEP § 402.02(a) for further information. Interviews may also be conducted with a registered practitioner not of record provided the registered practitioner can show authorization to conduct an interview by completing, signing and filing an "Applicant Initiated Interview Request Form" (PTOL-413A) (available at the USPTO web page indicated above). See MPEP § 405 . For acceptable ways to submit forms to the USPTO, see "When Responding to Official USPTO Correspondence" below.

Examiner Note

Add this paragraph at the end of the Refusal where a patent attorney or agent registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office has not been appointed as applicant's representative.

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Notification of Refusal35 U.S.C. § 102
Hague Definitions
Title Format Requirements
35 U.S.C. § 171
Hague Definitions
Notification of Refusal
37 CFR § 1.1062(b)
Mandatory Application Elements37 CFR § 1.1063(a)
Notification of Refusal37 CFR § 1.1063(a)(3)
37 CFR § 1.1063(b)
37 CFR § 1.111
Hague Agreement Overview
Mandatory Application Elements
Notification of Refusal
Period for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)
Timing of Preliminary Amendment
37 CFR § 1.134
Hague Definitions
Title Format Requirements
37 CFR § 1.138
Hague Definitions
Title Format Requirements
MPEP § 2930

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31