MPEP § 2531 — Payment Late or Insufficient (Annotated Rules)

§2531 Payment Late or Insufficient

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2531, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Payment Late or Insufficient

This section addresses Payment Late or Insufficient. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 2590, 37 CFR 1.362(e), and 37 CFR 1.377. Contains: 3 requirements and 1 other statement.

Key Rules

Topic

Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2531-e0cdf2e4eadbfa85bacb0d90]
Notice Requirement for Late or Insufficient Payment
Note:
The Office must send a notice if a payment is late or insufficient, and the fee submitter must reply before the grace period expires to avoid patent termination.

If the Office considers a payment to be late or insufficient, a notice (e.g., a Notice of Non-Acceptance of Patent Maintenance Fee (PTO-2142)) will be sent to the "fee submitter." Reply to the notice is required prior to expiration of the grace period provided by 37 CFR 1.362(e) in order to avoid the expiration of the patent. If a reply is not received prior to expiration of the patent, then an appropriate petition under 37 CFR 1.377 or 37 CFR 1.378 is required. See MPEP § 2580 and § 2590.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.362(e)Term Lapse for Maintenance FeePost-Issuance & Maintenance FeesMaintenance Fee Amounts
Topic

Grace Period Window

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2531-c11f4a696875b5eebcd0459f]
Reply Required Before Grace Period to Avoid Patent Expiration
Note:
Respond to the notice within the grace period provided by 37 CFR 1.362(e) to prevent patent expiration.

If the Office considers a payment to be late or insufficient, a notice (e.g., a Notice of Non-Acceptance of Patent Maintenance Fee (PTO-2142)) will be sent to the "fee submitter." Reply to the notice is required prior to expiration of the grace period provided by 37 CFR 1.362(e) in order to avoid the expiration of the patent. If a reply is not received prior to expiration of the patent, then an appropriate petition under 37 CFR 1.377 or 37 CFR 1.378 is required. See MPEP § 2580 and § 2590.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.362(e)Grace Period WindowLate Payment SurchargePatent Term Expiration
Topic

Petition to Reinstate

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2531-7335152bf74e673e88c21b4f]
Petition Required If No Reply Before Patent Expiration
Note:
A petition under 37 CFR 1.377 or 1.378 is required if a reply is not received before the patent expires after receiving a notice of late or insufficient payment.

If the Office considers a payment to be late or insufficient, a notice (e.g., a Notice of Non-Acceptance of Patent Maintenance Fee (PTO-2142)) will be sent to the "fee submitter." Reply to the notice is required prior to expiration of the grace period provided by 37 CFR 1.362(e) in order to avoid the expiration of the patent. If a reply is not received prior to expiration of the patent, then an appropriate petition under 37 CFR 1.377 or 37 CFR 1.378 is required. See MPEP § 2580 and § 2590.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.362(e)Petition to ReinstateLate Payment SurchargePatent Reinstatement
Topic

Post-Issuance & Maintenance Fees

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2531-9a919f5b8ebc52ce18317ed5]
Underpayment Notice for Unestablished Entity Status
Note:
If a payment is deemed insufficient due to an unestablished small or micro entity status, an Underpayment Notice will be mailed to the fee submitter. Refer to MPEP § 2550 for establishing or changing entity status.

If a payment is deemed insufficient because the payment was submitted in a discounted amount but entitlement to the entity status (small or micro) corresponding to the discounted amount was not established, an Underpayment Notice or Non-Acceptance Notice will be mailed to the fee submitter. See MPEP § 2550 for information on establishing or changing an entity status for the purpose of paying a maintenance fee.

Jump to MPEP SourcePost-Issuance & Maintenance FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
Topic

Maintenance Fee Payment

1 rules
MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-2531-3de426139f98198252deee0e]
Late or Insufficient Fees Require Additional Funds
Note:
If maintenance fees and surcharges are paid late or insufficient, additional funds may be required due to fee increases or incorrect entity status.
Examples of when a payment of maintenance fees and any necessary surcharges will be considered to be late or insufficient include instances when:
  • (A) Though a payment was received, additional funds are required due to surcharge or fee increase;
  • (B) Though a payment was received in an amount for small entity, the patented file records do not indicate that an assertion of small entity status was received; or
  • (C) The payment was received after the patent expired.
Jump to MPEP SourceMaintenance Fee PaymentAsserting Small Entity StatusSurcharge Fee Amount
Topic

Fee Requirements

1 rules
MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-2531-aff24382e411b5274a25b472]
Payment Late for Expired Patent
Note:
A payment of maintenance fees and surcharges is considered late if received after the patent has expired.

Examples of when a payment of maintenance fees and any necessary surcharges will be considered to be late or insufficient include instances when:

(C) The payment was received after the patent expired.

Jump to MPEP SourceFee RequirementsLate Payment and ReinstatementMaintenance Fee Payment

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Grace Period Window
Petition to Reinstate
Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee
35 U.S.C. § 2590
Grace Period Window
Petition to Reinstate
Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee
37 CFR § 1.362(e)
Grace Period Window
Petition to Reinstate
Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee
37 CFR § 1.377
Grace Period Window
Petition to Reinstate
Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee
37 CFR § 1.378
Post-Issuance & Maintenance FeesMPEP § 2550
Grace Period Window
Petition to Reinstate
Term Lapse for Maintenance Fee
MPEP § 2580

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31