MPEP § 2301.02 — Definitions (Annotated Rules)
§2301.02 Definitions
This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2301.02, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.
Definitions
This section addresses Definitions. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1), 35 U.S.C. 119, and 37 CFR 41.2. Contains: 9 requirements, 1 permission, and 3 other statements.
Key Rules
PTAB Jurisdiction
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Board member means the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Deputy Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Deputy Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Commissioner for Patents, the Commissioner for Trademarks, and the administrative patent judges.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Panel means at least three Board members acting in a panel proceeding.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part:
Party, in this part, means any entity participating in a Board proceeding, other than officers and employees of the Office, including:
…
(4) Counsel for any of the above, where context permits.
(c) Patent interferences shall be administered such that pendency before the Board is normally no more than two years.
Accord benefit means Board recognition that a patent application provides a proper constructive reduction to practice under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1).
Count means the Board’s description of the interfering subject matter that sets the scope of admissible proofs on priority. Where there is more than one count, each count must describe a patentably distinct invention.
Count means the Board’s description of the interfering subject matter that sets the scope of admissible proofs on priority. Where there is more than one count, each count must describe a patentably distinct invention.
PTAB Contested Case Procedures
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Affidavit means affidavit, declaration under § 1.68 of this title, or statutory declaration under 28 U.S.C. 1746. A transcript of an ex parte deposition may be used as an affidavit in a contested case.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Affidavit means affidavit, declaration under § 1.68 of this title, or statutory declaration under 28 U.S.C. 1746. A transcript of an ex parte deposition may be used as an affidavit in a contested case.
Senior party means the party entitled to the presumption under § 41.207(a)(1) that it is the prior inventor. Any other party is a junior party.
Senior party means the party entitled to the presumption under § 41.207(a)(1) that it is the prior inventor. Any other party is a junior party.
Estoppel After Judgment
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part:
Final means, with regard to a Board action, final for the purposes of judicial review. A decision is final only if:
…
(2) In other proceedings.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part:
Final means, with regard to a Board action, final for the purposes of judicial review. A decision is final only if:
…
The decision disposes of all issues or the decision states it is final.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Panel proceeding means a proceeding in which final action is reserved by statute to at least three Board members, but includes a non-final portion of such a proceeding whether administered by a panel or not.
Anticipation/Novelty
Constructive reduction to practice means a described and enabled anticipation under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1), in a patent application of the subject matter of a count. Earliest constructive reduction to practice means the first constructive reduction to practice that has been continuously disclosed through a chain of patent applications including in the involved application or patent. For the chain to be continuous, each subsequent application must comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 119-121, 365, or 386.
Constructive reduction to practice means a described and enabled anticipation under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1), in a patent application of the subject matter of a count. Earliest constructive reduction to practice means the first constructive reduction to practice that has been continuously disclosed through a chain of patent applications including in the involved application or patent. For the chain to be continuous, each subsequent application must comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 119-121, 365, or 386.
Constructive reduction to practice means a described and enabled anticipation under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1), in a patent application of the subject matter of a count. Earliest constructive reduction to practice means the first constructive reduction to practice that has been continuously disclosed through a chain of patent applications including in the involved application or patent. For the chain to be continuous, each subsequent application must comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 119-121, 365, or 386.
Inter Partes Reexamination Appeal
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Contested case means a Board proceeding other than an appeal under 35 U.S.C. 134 or a petition under § 41.3. An appeal in an inter partes reexamination is not a contested case.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part Contested case means a Board proceeding other than an appeal under 35 U.S.C. 134 or a petition under § 41.3. An appeal in an inter partes reexamination is not a contested case.
35 U.S.C. 102 – Novelty / Prior Art
(b) Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 102 or 135 in this subpart refers to the statute in effect on March 15, 2013, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 141 or 146 in this subpart refers to the statute applicable to the involved application or patent.
(b) Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 102 or 135 in this subpart refers to the statute in effect on March 15, 2013, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 141 or 146 in this subpart refers to the statute applicable to the involved application or patent.
Declaration of Interference
Threshold issue means an issue that, if resolved in favor of the movant, would deprive the opponent of standing in the interference. Threshold issues may include:
- (2) In the case of an involved application claim first made after the publication of the movant’s application or issuance of the movant’s patent:
- (i) Repose under 35 U.S.C. 135(b) in view of the movant’s patent or published application, or
- (ii) Unpatentability for lack of written description under 35 U. S.C. 112 of an involved application claim where the applicant suggested, or could have suggested, an interference under § 41.202(a).
Threshold issue means an issue that, if resolved in favor of the movant, would deprive the opponent of standing in the interference. Threshold issues may include:
(2) In the case of an involved application claim first made after the publication of the movant’s application or issuance of the movant’s patent:
…
(ii) Unpatentability for lack of written description under 35 U. S.C. 112 of an involved application claim where the applicant suggested, or could have suggested, an interference under § 41.202(a).
Commissioner for Patents
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part:
- Affidavit means affidavit, declaration under § 1.68 of this title, or statutory declaration under 28 U.S.C. 1746. A transcript of an ex parte deposition may be used as an affidavit in a contested case.
- Board means the Patent Trial and Appeal Board and includes:
- (1) For a final Board action:
- (i) In an appeal or contested case, a panel of the Board.
- (ii) In a proceeding under § 41.3, the Chief Administrative Patent Judge or another official acting under an express delegation from the Chief Administrative Patent Judge.
- (2) For non-final actions, a Board member or employee acting with the authority of the Board.
- Board member means the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Deputy Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Deputy Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Commissioner for Patents, the Commissioner for Trademarks, and the administrative patent judges.
- Contested case means a Board proceeding other than an appeal under 35 U.S.C. 134 or a petition under § 41.3. An appeal in an inter partes reexamination is not a contested case.
- Final means, with regard to a Board action, final for the purposes of judicial review. A decision is final only if:
- (1) In a panel proceeding. The decision is rendered by a panel, disposes of all issues with regard to the party seeking judicial review, and does not indicate that further action is required; and
- (2) In other proceedings. The decision disposes of all issues or the decision states it is final.
- Hearing means consideration of the issues of record. Rehearing means reconsideration.
- Office means United States Patent and Trademark Office.
- Panel means at least three Board members acting in a panel proceeding.
- Panel proceeding means a proceeding in which final action is reserved by statute to at least three Board members, but includes a non-final portion of such a proceeding whether administered by a panel or not.
- Party, in this part, means any entity participating in a Board proceeding, other than officers and employees of the Office, including:
- (1) An appellant;
- (2) A participant in a contested case;
- (3) A petitioner; and
- (4) Counsel for any of the above, where context permits.
Derivation Proceedings (AIA)
Involved claim means, for the purposes of 35 U.S.C. 135(a), a claim that has been designated as corresponding to the count.
Citations
| Primary topic | Citation |
|---|---|
| 35 U.S.C. 102 – Novelty / Prior Art | 35 U.S.C. § 102 |
| Anticipation/Novelty PTAB Jurisdiction | 35 U.S.C. § 102(g)(1) |
| Anticipation/Novelty | 35 U.S.C. § 119 |
| Commissioner for Patents Inter Partes Reexamination Appeal | 35 U.S.C. § 134 |
| Derivation Proceedings (AIA) | 35 U.S.C. § 135(a) |
| Declaration of Interference | 35 U.S.C. § 135(b) |
| 35 U.S.C. 102 – Novelty / Prior Art | 35 U.S.C. § 141 |
| Commissioner for Patents PTAB Contested Case Procedures | 37 CFR § 1.68 |
| – | 37 CFR § 41.2 |
| Declaration of Interference | 37 CFR § 41.202(a) |
| PTAB Contested Case Procedures | 37 CFR § 41.207(a)(1) |
| Commissioner for Patents Inter Partes Reexamination Appeal | 37 CFR § 41.3 |
Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP
This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.
Official MPEP § 2301.02 — Definitions
Source: USPTO2301.02 Definitions [R-08.2017]
37 CFR 41.2 Definitions.
Unless otherwise clear from the context, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this part:
- Affidavit means affidavit, declaration under § 1.68 of this title, or statutory declaration under 28 U.S.C. 1746. A transcript of an ex parte deposition may be used as an affidavit in a contested case.
- Board means the Patent Trial and Appeal Board and
includes:
- (1) For a final Board action:
- (i) In an appeal or contested case, a panel of the Board.
- (ii) In a proceeding under § 41.3, the Chief Administrative Patent Judge or another official acting under an express delegation from the Chief Administrative Patent Judge.
- (2) For non-final actions, a Board member or employee acting with the authority of the Board.
- (1) For a final Board action:
- Board member means the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Deputy Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Deputy Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the Commissioner for Patents, the Commissioner for Trademarks, and the administrative patent judges.
- Contested case means a Board proceeding other than an appeal under 35 U.S.C. 134 or a petition under § 41.3. An appeal in an inter partes reexamination is not a contested case.
- Final means, with regard to a Board action, final for the
purposes of judicial review. A decision is final only if:
- (1) In a panel proceeding. The decision is rendered by a panel, disposes of all issues with regard to the party seeking judicial review, and does not indicate that further action is required; and
- (2) In other proceedings. The decision disposes of all issues or the decision states it is final.
- Hearing means consideration of the issues of record. Rehearing means reconsideration.
- Office means United States Patent and Trademark Office.
- Panel means at least three Board members acting in a panel proceeding.
- Panel proceeding means a proceeding in which final action is reserved by statute to at least three Board members, but includes a non-final portion of such a proceeding whether administered by a panel or not.
- Party, in this part, means any entity participating in a
Board proceeding, other than officers and employees of the Office,
including:
- (1) An appellant;
- (2) A participant in a contested case;
- (3) A petitioner; and
- (4) Counsel for any of the above, where context permits.
37 CFR 41.100 Definitions.
In addition to the definitions in § 41.2, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this subpart:
Business day means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday, or Federal holiday within the District of Columbia.
Involved means the Board has declared the patent application, patent, or claim so described to be a subject of the contested case.
37 CFR 41.200 Procedure; pendency.
- (a) A patent interference is a contested case subject to the procedures set forth in subpart D of this part.
- (b) Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 102 or 135 in this subpart refers to the statute in effect on March 15, 2013, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Any reference to 35 U.S.C. 141 or 146 in this subpart refers to the statute applicable to the involved application or patent.
- (c) Patent interferences shall be administered such that pendency before the Board is normally no more than two years.
37 CFR 41.201 Definitions.
In addition to the definitions in §§ 41.2 and 41.100, the following definitions apply to proceedings under this subpart:
Accord benefit means Board recognition that a patent application provides a proper constructive reduction to practice under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1).
Constructive reduction to practice means a described and enabled anticipation under 35 U.S.C. 102(g)(1), in a patent application of the subject matter of a count. Earliest constructive reduction to practice means the first constructive reduction to practice that has been continuously disclosed through a chain of patent applications including in the involved application or patent. For the chain to be continuous, each subsequent application must comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 119-121, 365, or 386.
Count means the Board’s description of the interfering subject matter that sets the scope of admissible proofs on priority. Where there is more than one count, each count must describe a patentably distinct invention.
Involved claim means, for the purposes of 35 U.S.C. 135(a), a claim that has been designated as corresponding to the count.
Senior party means the party entitled to the presumption under § 41.207(a)(1) that it is the prior inventor. Any other party is a junior party.
Threshold issue means an issue that, if resolved in favor of the movant, would deprive the opponent of standing in the interference. Threshold issues may include:
-
- (1) No interference-in-fact, and
- (2) In the case of an involved application claim first made after
the publication of the movant’s application or issuance of the movant’s
patent:
- (i) Repose under 35 U.S.C. 135(b) in view of the movant’s patent or published application, or
- (ii) Unpatentability for lack of written description under 35 U. S.C. 112 of an involved application claim where the applicant suggested, or could have suggested, an interference under § 41.202(a).