MPEP § 2154.01(a) — WIPO Published Applications (Annotated Rules)

§2154.01(a) WIPO Published Applications

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2026-01-17

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2154.01(a), including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

WIPO Published Applications

This section addresses WIPO Published Applications. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 100, 35 U.S.C. 102, and 35 U.S.C. 122(b). Contains: 3 statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Statutory Authority for Examination

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2154-01-a-055224bd0d40eafe6e685d7e]
Requirement for WIPO Published Applications
Note:
This rule outlines the requirements for applications published by the World Intellectual Property Organization under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA.

[Editor Note: This MPEP section is only applicable to applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions of the AIA as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 100 (note). See MPEP § 2159 et seq. to determine whether an application is subject to examination under the FITF provisions, and MPEP § 2131MPEP § 2138 for examination of applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102.]

Jump to MPEP SourceStatutory Authority for ExaminationExamination ProceduresFirst Inventor to File (FITF) System
Topic

Access to National Stage Applications

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2154-01-a-35cdcabe40e6e5feb801fc22]
WIPO PCT Publications Treated as U.S. Applications
Note:
Under the AIA, WIPO publications of PCT applications designating the United States are treated as U.S. patent application publications for prior art purposes.

The WIPO publication of a PCT international application that designates the United States is an application for patent deemed published under 35 U.S.C. 122(b) for purposes of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) under 35 U.S.C. 374. Thus, under the AIA, WIPO publications of PCT applications that designate the United States are treated as U.S. patent application publications for prior art purposes, regardless of the international filing date, whether they are published in English, or whether the PCT international application enters the national stage in the United States. Accordingly, a U.S. patent, a U.S. patent application publication, or a WIPO published application that names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, is prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2), unless an exception under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2) applies. This differs from the treatment of a WIPO published application under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), where a WIPO published application is treated as a U.S. patent application publication only if the PCT application was filed on or after November 29, 2000, designated the United States, and is published under PCT Article 21(2) in the English language. See MPEP § 2136.03, subsection II.

Jump to MPEP SourceAccess to National Stage ApplicationsAccess to Published PCT ApplicationsAIA 102(a)(2) – Earlier Filed Applications (MPEP 2154)
Topic

Access to Published Application File

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2154-01-a-e8ae4ef7e04c04b1cf3c64c0]
WIPO Published Application as Prior Art
Note:
A WIPO published PCT application that designates the U.S. and was filed on or after November 29, 2000 is considered prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2), unless an exception applies.

The WIPO publication of a PCT international application that designates the United States is an application for patent deemed published under 35 U.S.C. 122(b) for purposes of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) under 35 U.S.C. 374. Thus, under the AIA, WIPO publications of PCT applications that designate the United States are treated as U.S. patent application publications for prior art purposes, regardless of the international filing date, whether they are published in English, or whether the PCT international application enters the national stage in the United States. Accordingly, a U.S. patent, a U.S. patent application publication, or a WIPO published application that names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, is prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2), unless an exception under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2) applies. This differs from the treatment of a WIPO published application under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), where a WIPO published application is treated as a U.S. patent application publication only if the PCT application was filed on or after November 29, 2000, designated the United States, and is published under PCT Article 21(2) in the English language. See MPEP § 2136.03, subsection II.

Jump to MPEP SourceAccess to Published Application FileDetermining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIAAIA 102(a)(2) – Earlier Filed Applications (MPEP 2154)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Statutory Authority for Examination35 U.S.C. § 100
Statutory Authority for Examination35 U.S.C. § 102
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
35 U.S.C. § 102(a)(2)
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
35 U.S.C. § 102(b)(2)
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
35 U.S.C. § 102(e)
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
35 U.S.C. § 122(b)
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
35 U.S.C. § 374
Statutory Authority for ExaminationMPEP § 2131
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
MPEP § 2136.03
Statutory Authority for ExaminationMPEP § 2138
Statutory Authority for ExaminationMPEP § 2159
Access to National Stage Applications
Access to Published Application File
PCT Article 21(2)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2026-01-17