MPEP § 1875.02 — Reply to Invitation Concerning Lack of Unity of Invention (Annotated Rules)

§1875.02 Reply to Invitation Concerning Lack of Unity of Invention

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 1875.02, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Reply to Invitation Concerning Lack of Unity of Invention

This section addresses Reply to Invitation Concerning Lack of Unity of Invention. Primary authority: 37 CFR 1.489. Contains: 3 requirements, 1 guidance statement, 2 permissions, and 3 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Protest Practice

4 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-1875-02-5ffa2dd6735e62e151f1f4a2]
Requirement for Direct Reply on Lack of Unity
Note:
Applicant must reply directly by paying fees or restricting claims within the time limit, otherwise examination proceeds on the main invention only.

Applicant may reply directly to the International Preliminary Examining Authority issuing the invitation by paying some or all additional fees or by restricting the claims to one invention. If applicant makes no reply within the set time limit, the international preliminary examination will proceed on the basis of the main invention only.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489Protest PracticePeriod for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1875-02-729a763a115304face6fa60d]
Protest Must Explain If Box 2 Checked
Note:
If the protest concerning lack of unity of invention is for box 2, a clear explanation must be provided why it was found unjustified.

The TC checks the appropriate box, i.e., 1 or 2. If box 2 is checked, a clear and concise explanation as to why the protest concerning the unity of invention was found to be unjustified must be given.

StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1875-02-cfada7e20d29a48903843f1e]
Requirement for Clear Protest Explanation When Box 2 is Checked
Note:
When box 2 is checked, a clear and concise explanation must be provided as to why the protest concerning the unity of invention was found unjustified.

The TC checks the appropriate box, i.e., 1 or 2. If box 2 is checked, a clear and concise explanation as to why the protest concerning the unity of invention was found to be unjustified must be given.

StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1875-02-5beded4d8569b68efef99f52]
Supplemental Attachment Sheet Required
Note:
A supplemental attachment sheet must be incorporated when necessary to address the lack of unity of invention.

Since the space is limited, supplemental attachment sheet(s) should be incorporated whenever necessary.

Topic

International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)

3 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-1875-02-91f7797d3b56d6f53dd87866]
Protest to Lack of Unity Can Be Filed With IPEA If Additional Fees Paid
Note:
If additional fees are paid, an applicant may file a protest regarding lack of unity of invention with the International Preliminary Examining Authority.

If applicant has paid an additional fee or fees, a protest to the holding of lack of unity of invention may be filed with the International Preliminary Examining Authority. The IPEA/US does not charge a protest fee under PCT Rule 68.3(e).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)Lack of Unity FindingUnity of Invention Standard
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1875-02-f54b94a4768f0b52bcf95947]
Protest to Lack of Unity of Invention Not Requiring Fee
Note:
The International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA/US) does not charge a fee for protesting the lack of unity of invention under PCT Rule 68.3(e).

If applicant has paid an additional fee or fees, a protest to the holding of lack of unity of invention may be filed with the International Preliminary Examining Authority. The IPEA/US does not charge a protest fee under PCT Rule 68.3(e).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)International Preliminary Examination (Chapter II)Patent Cooperation Treaty
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1875-02-60dce6a1e44b9f770aa72904]
TC Director Must Sign PCT/IPEA/420
Note:
The TC Director must sign Form PCT/IPEA/420 as per MPEP § 1002.02(c), item (2).

Form PCT/IPEA/420 must be signed by a TC Director. See MPEP § 1002.02(c), item (2).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)Request Content and FormInternational Preliminary Examination (Chapter II)
Topic

Fee Requirements

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1875-02-553e2f2899a81cd8e52b60ee]
Protest Against Unity of Invention Fees
Note:
If the applicant disagrees with the lack of unity of invention, they can pay additional fees under protest and request a refund along with reasons for disagreement or why fees are excessive.

(a) If the applicant disagrees with the holding of lack of unity of invention by the International Preliminary Examining Authority, additional fees may be paid under protest, accompanied by a request for refund and a statement setting forth reasons for disagreement or why the required additional fees are considered excessive, or both.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489Fee RequirementsProtest Practice
Topic

Protest Handling Procedure

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1875-02-e06abfd81affea7f44b95a3b]
Notification Required for Protest and Decision Accompaniment
Note:
An applicant must notify the International Preliminary Examining Authority before the issuance of the international preliminary examination report if they want a copy of the protest and decision to accompany it when sent to elected offices.

(c) An applicant who desires that a copy of the protest and the decision thereon accompany the international preliminary examination report when forwarded to the Elected Offices, may notify the International Preliminary Examining Authority to that effect any time prior to the issuance of the international preliminary examination report. Thereafter, such notification should be directed to the International Bureau.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489Protest Handling ProcedureProtest Practice
Topic

Period for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1875-02-cabff9d25f2ad18e6246f8d6]
Reply Required for Additional Inventions Within Time Limit
Note:
Applicant must reply within the set time limit to include additional inventions; failure to do so will result in examination proceeding based solely on the main invention.

Applicant may reply directly to the International Preliminary Examining Authority issuing the invitation by paying some or all additional fees or by restricting the claims to one invention. If applicant makes no reply within the set time limit, the international preliminary examination will proceed on the basis of the main invention only.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.489Period for Reply (37 CFR 1.134)Protest Practice
Topic

Article 19 Amendment Scope

1 rules
MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-1875-02-4d604465391a0f060e14d492]
Decision on Protest Against Additional Fees Must Be Sent to Applicant
Note:
The International Preliminary Examining Authority must send any decision regarding a protest against additional fees, where the application lacks unity of invention, to the applicant and the International Bureau.

The International Preliminary Examining Authority shall transmit to the applicant, preferably at the latest together with the international preliminary examination report, any decision which it has taken under Rule 68.3(c) on the protest of the applicant against payment of additional fees where the international application is considered to lack unity of invention. At the same time, it shall transmit to the International Bureau a copy of both the protest and the decision thereon, as well as any request by the applicant to forward the texts of both the protest and the decision thereon to the elected Offices.

Jump to MPEP SourceArticle 19 Amendment ScopeArticle 34 AmendmentsInternational Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)MPEP § 1002.02(c)
International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA)PCT Rule 68.3(e)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31