MPEP § 1443 — Initial Examiner Review (Annotated Rules)

§1443 Initial Examiner Review

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 1443, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Initial Examiner Review

This section addresses Initial Examiner Review. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 251, 37 CFR 1.172, and 37 CFR 3.73. Contains: 3 requirements, 6 guidance statements, and 2 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Reissue Application Filing

4 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-9c43922189483bfb3f7a3eb0]
Determine If Patent Is Involved In Interference Before Acting On Reissue Application
Note:
The examiner must check if the patent is in an interference before processing any actions on a reissue application and follow MPEP § 1449.01.

The examiner should determine whether the patent is involved in an interference, and if so, should refer to MPEP § 1449.01 before taking any action on the reissue application.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue Application FilingReissue Patent Practice
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-637adf9cac5961773e98eb82]
Verify Corrected Changes in Reissue Application
Note:
The examiner must ensure that all changes from the certificate of correction are accurately included in the reissue application.

The examiner should verify that all certificate of correction changes have been properly incorporated into the reissue application. See MPEP § 1411.01.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue Application FilingReissue Patent Practice
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1443-4112a66757334268582d1e33]
Requirement for Unexpired Patent
Note:
The examiner must ensure the patent underlying a reissue application has not expired due to term expiration or unpaid maintenance fees.

The examiner should verify that the patent on which the reissue application is based has not expired, either because its term has run or because required maintenance fees have not been paid. Once a patent has expired, the Director of the USPTO no longer has the authority under 35 U.S.C. 251 to reissue the patent. See In re Morgan, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993). See also MPEP § 1415.01.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue Application FilingLate Payment and ReinstatementReissue Patent Practice
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1443-29cab85dbe30ec4c07c5c3ea]
Examiner Must Verify Patent Not Expired For Reissue Application
Note:
The examiner must ensure the patent on which the reissue application is based has not expired before proceeding with the review.

The examiner should verify that the patent on which the reissue application is based has not expired, either because its term has run or because required maintenance fees have not been paid. Once a patent has expired, the Director of the USPTO no longer has the authority under 35 U.S.C. 251 to reissue the patent. See In re Morgan, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993). See also MPEP § 1415.01.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue Application FilingGrounds for ReissueLate Payment and Reinstatement
Topic
3 rules
Topic

Continued Prosecution Applications

3 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-929aed309ca27fda1f49b34c]
Requirement for Reissue Application Announced in Official Gazette
Note:
Examiners must ensure reissue applications (excluding CPAs) are announced in the Official Gazette before further processing.

The filing of all reissue applications, except for continued prosecution applications (CPAs) (only available for design applications) filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette. Accordingly, for any reissue application other than a CPA, the examiner should determine if the filing of the reissue application has been announced in the Official Gazette as provided in 37 CFR 1.11(b). The contents entry on the Patent Data Portal Content History should be checked for the presence of "NRE" and "NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE " entries in the contents, and the date of publication. If the filing of the reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction over the reissue application should be returned to the Office of Patent Application Processing (Special Processing) to handle the announcement. The examiner should not further act on the reissue until 2 months after announcement of the filing of the reissue has appeared in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1440.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.53(d)Continued Prosecution ApplicationsPTAB JurisdictionApplication Types and Filing
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-ed96934a8dabbd644eb99051]
Check for NRE and Gazette Notice in Content History
Note:
Examiners must verify the presence of 'NRE' and 'NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE' entries in the Patent Data Portal Content History and their publication dates.

The filing of all reissue applications, except for continued prosecution applications (CPAs) (only available for design applications) filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette. Accordingly, for any reissue application other than a CPA, the examiner should determine if the filing of the reissue application has been announced in the Official Gazette as provided in 37 CFR 1.11(b). The contents entry on the Patent Data Portal Content History should be checked for the presence of "NRE" and "NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE " entries in the contents, and the date of publication. If the filing of the reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction over the reissue application should be returned to the Office of Patent Application Processing (Special Processing) to handle the announcement. The examiner should not further act on the reissue until 2 months after announcement of the filing of the reissue has appeared in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1440.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.53(d)Continued Prosecution ApplicationsPTAB JurisdictionApplication Types and Filing
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-6a02e826873cecec1459b974]
Requirement for Reissue Announcement in Official Gazette
Note:
Examiner must not act on reissue until filing announcement appears in the Official Gazette after 2 months.

The filing of all reissue applications, except for continued prosecution applications (CPAs) (only available for design applications) filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette. Accordingly, for any reissue application other than a CPA, the examiner should determine if the filing of the reissue application has been announced in the Official Gazette as provided in 37 CFR 1.11(b). The contents entry on the Patent Data Portal Content History should be checked for the presence of "NRE" and "NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE " entries in the contents, and the date of publication. If the filing of the reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction over the reissue application should be returned to the Office of Patent Application Processing (Special Processing) to handle the announcement. The examiner should not further act on the reissue until 2 months after announcement of the filing of the reissue has appeared in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1440.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.53(d)Continued Prosecution ApplicationsPTAB JurisdictionApplication Types and Filing
Topic

Signature Requirements

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-682624f41ac95baebe2d1760]
Requirement for Documentary Evidence Submission
Note:
Examiners must require the submission of documentary evidence under 37 CFR 1.172 when an application is assigned and no such submission has been made.

Where the application is assigned, and there is no submission under 37 CFR 1.172 as to documentary evidence in the application, the examiner should require the submission using form paragraph 14.16. Once the submission under 37 CFR 1.172 as to documentary evidence is received, it must be compared with the consent to determine whether the assignee indicated by the documentary evidence is the same assignee which signed the consent. See MPEP § 1410.02 for further discussion as to the required consent and documentary evidence.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.172Signature Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1443-d5575b19c18295c4b199a970]
Consent and Documentary Evidence Must Match
Note:
Examiner must compare documentary evidence with consent to ensure the assignee matches.

Where the application is assigned, and there is no submission under 37 CFR 1.172 as to documentary evidence in the application, the examiner should require the submission using form paragraph 14.16. Once the submission under 37 CFR 1.172 as to documentary evidence is received, it must be compared with the consent to determine whether the assignee indicated by the documentary evidence is the same assignee which signed the consent. See MPEP § 1410.02 for further discussion as to the required consent and documentary evidence.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.172Signature Requirements
Topic

Disclosure of Litigation

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-00fc4b094d956609a33b3fd2]
Examiner Must Determine Concurrent Litigation Status and Reissue File History Marking
Note:
The examiner must check for concurrent litigation and ensure the reissue file history is properly marked.

The examiner should determine if there is concurrent litigation, and if so, the status thereof (MPEP § 1442.01), and whether the reissue file history has been appropriately marked. Note MPEP § 1404.

Jump to MPEP SourceDisclosure of LitigationLitigation File HistoryReissue and Litigation
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1443-688186d988dad42e815f6349]
Examiner Must Determine Concurrent Litigation Status
Note:
The examiner is required to check for any ongoing litigation and its status before proceeding with the reissue application.

The examiner should determine if there is concurrent litigation, and if so, the status thereof (MPEP § 1442.01), and whether the reissue file history has been appropriately marked. Note MPEP § 1404.

Jump to MPEP SourceDisclosure of LitigationLitigation File HistoryReissue and Litigation
Topic

Reissue and Reexamination

2 rules
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1443-30a34b1a4f3f8a0112abfe53]
Guide and Checklist for Reissue Examiner
Note:
Examiners must consult the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist when preparing to examine a reissue application, with TQASs or SPRS ensuring these resources are available at docketing.

As part of an examiner’s preparation for the examination of a reissue application, the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist should be consulted for basic guidance and suggestions for handling the prosecution. The Technology Center (TC) Training Quality Assurance Specialists (TQASs) or Supervisory Patent Reexamination Specialist (SPRS) should make the Guide and Checklist available at the time a reissue application is docketed to an examiner.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue and ReexaminationStatutory Authority for ExaminationConcurrent Reissue Proceedings
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-3ed3a3b6f85ac3a5b67b8211]
TQAS/SPRS Must Make Guide and Checklist Available at Docketing
Note:
Training Quality Assurance Specialists or Supervisory Patent Reexamination Specialists must ensure the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist are available to examiners when a reissue application is docketed.

As part of an examiner’s preparation for the examination of a reissue application, the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist should be consulted for basic guidance and suggestions for handling the prosecution. The Technology Center (TC) Training Quality Assurance Specialists (TQASs) or Supervisory Patent Reexamination Specialist (SPRS) should make the Guide and Checklist available at the time a reissue application is docketed to an examiner.

Jump to MPEP SourceReissue and ReexaminationConcurrent Reissue ProceedingsReissue Patent Practice
Topic

Application Types and Filing

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1443-9d7f38720912177a685591f7]
Reissue Application Must Be Announced in Official Gazette
Note:
All reissue applications, except for design application CPAs filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette before further action can proceed.

The filing of all reissue applications, except for continued prosecution applications (CPAs) (only available for design applications) filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette. Accordingly, for any reissue application other than a CPA, the examiner should determine if the filing of the reissue application has been announced in the Official Gazette as provided in 37 CFR 1.11(b). The contents entry on the Patent Data Portal Content History should be checked for the presence of "NRE" and "NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE " entries in the contents, and the date of publication. If the filing of the reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction over the reissue application should be returned to the Office of Patent Application Processing (Special Processing) to handle the announcement. The examiner should not further act on the reissue until 2 months after announcement of the filing of the reissue has appeared in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1440.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.53(d)Application Types and FilingContinued Prosecution ApplicationsPTAB Jurisdiction
Topic

PTAB Jurisdiction

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-7e86150624b025a03f0fe6ab]
Announcement Required for Reissue Application
Note:
If a reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction must be returned to Special Processing for announcement.

The filing of all reissue applications, except for continued prosecution applications (CPAs) (only available for design applications) filed under 37 CFR 1.53(d), must be announced in the Official Gazette. Accordingly, for any reissue application other than a CPA, the examiner should determine if the filing of the reissue application has been announced in the Official Gazette as provided in 37 CFR 1.11(b). The contents entry on the Patent Data Portal Content History should be checked for the presence of "NRE" and "NOTICE OF REISSUE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL GAZETTE " entries in the contents, and the date of publication. If the filing of the reissue application has not been announced in the Official Gazette, jurisdiction over the reissue application should be returned to the Office of Patent Application Processing (Special Processing) to handle the announcement. The examiner should not further act on the reissue until 2 months after announcement of the filing of the reissue has appeared in the Official Gazette. See MPEP § 1440.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.53(d)PTAB JurisdictionPTAB Contested Case ProceduresContinued Prosecution Applications
Topic

Examiner Action on Protest

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-0dd83bb5ce782fb0ad282c24]
Examiner Must Handle Protest as Directed
Note:
The examiner is required to process any filed protest according to the procedures outlined in MPEP § 1901.06.

The examiner should determine if a protest has been filed, and if so, it should be handled as set forth in MPEP § 1901.06. For a discussion of protests under 37 CFR 1.291 in reissue applications, see MPEP § 1441.01.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291Examiner Action on ProtestProtest Handling ProcedureProtest Practice
Topic

Protest Practice

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1443-6481db9442a737eeb331c40f]
Protests Must Be Handled as Directed
Note:
Examiners must address protests filed in reissue applications according to MPEP § 1441.01.

The examiner should determine if a protest has been filed, and if so, it should be handled as set forth in MPEP § 1901.06. For a discussion of protests under 37 CFR 1.291 in reissue applications, see MPEP § 1441.01.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.291Protest PracticeExaminer Action on ProtestProtest Handling Procedure
Topic

Grounds for Reissue

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1443-fb576f226b838e59dfaabeee]
Expired Patent Cannot Be Reissued
Note:
The Director of the USPTO lacks authority to reissue a patent once it has expired due to term expiration or unpaid maintenance fees.

The examiner should verify that the patent on which the reissue application is based has not expired, either because its term has run or because required maintenance fees have not been paid. Once a patent has expired, the Director of the USPTO no longer has the authority under 35 U.S.C. 251 to reissue the patent. See In re Morgan, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993). See also MPEP § 1415.01.

Jump to MPEP SourceGrounds for ReissueLate Payment and ReinstatementReissue Patent Practice
Topic

Statutory Authority for Examination

1 rules
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1443-2eed302f1a256040cadefc03]
Guide and Checklist for Examining Reissue Applications
Note:
Examiners must consult the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist when preparing to examine reissue applications.

As part of an examiner’s preparation for the examination of a reissue application, the Examiner Reissue Guide and Checklist should be consulted for basic guidance and suggestions for handling the prosecution. The Technology Center (TC) Training Quality Assurance Specialists (TQASs) or Supervisory Patent Reexamination Specialist (SPRS) should make the Guide and Checklist available at the time a reissue application is docketed to an examiner.

Jump to MPEP SourceStatutory Authority for ExaminationExamination ProceduresReissue Patent Practice

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Grounds for Reissue
Reissue Application Filing
35 U.S.C. § 251
Application Types and Filing
Continued Prosecution Applications
PTAB Jurisdiction
37 CFR § 1.11(b)
Consent of Assignee
Signature Requirements
37 CFR § 1.172
Examiner Action on Protest
Protest Practice
37 CFR § 1.291
Application Types and Filing
Continued Prosecution Applications
PTAB Jurisdiction
37 CFR § 1.53(d)
Consent of Assignee37 CFR § 3.73
Disclosure of LitigationMPEP § 1404
Signature RequirementsMPEP § 1410.02
Reissue Application FilingMPEP § 1411.01
Grounds for Reissue
Reissue Application Filing
MPEP § 1415.01
Application Types and Filing
Continued Prosecution Applications
PTAB Jurisdiction
MPEP § 1440
Examiner Action on Protest
Protest Practice
MPEP § 1441.01
Disclosure of LitigationMPEP § 1442.01
Reissue Application FilingMPEP § 1449.01
Examiner Action on Protest
Protest Practice
MPEP § 1901.06
Consent of AssigneeMPEP § 324
Signature RequirementsForm Paragraph § 14.16
Grounds for Reissue
Reissue Application Filing
In re Morgan, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31