MPEP § 1309 — Issue of Patent (Annotated Rules)

§1309 Issue of Patent

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2026-01-17

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 1309, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Issue of Patent

This section addresses Issue of Patent. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 153, 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1), and 37 CFR 3.81. Contains: 3 requirements, 2 guidance statements, 3 permissions, and 11 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Issue Fees

10 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1309-575b61f1925ee5f935fd6eac]
Leave Name Field Blank for No Practitioner Name
Note:
If the person submitting the issue fee wants no practitioner name to appear on the patent, they should leave the name field on the Fee(s) Transmittal form blank.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL-85B) provides a space (item 2) for the person submitting the base issue fee to indicate, for printing, (1) the names of up to three registered patent attorneys or agents or, alternatively, (2) the name of a single firm, which has as a member at least one registered patent attorney or agent, and the names of up to two registered patent attorneys or agents. If the person submitting the issue fee desires that no name of practitioner or firm be printed on the patent, the space on the Fee(s) Transmittal form should be left blank. If no name is listed on the form, no name will be printed on the patent.

Jump to MPEP SourceIssue FeesFee RequirementsPractitioner Recognition and Conduct
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-1158eb7f5a44e4d700ff6567]
Assignee Entry on PTOL-85B Does Not Affect Patent Printing
Note:
The assignee entry on the Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL-85B) will be printed on the patent, but this does not change the recorded assignment with the Assignment Recordation Branch.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1309-4995fd51534683e2046e06f5]
Assignee Entry on PTOL-85B Required
Note:
The assignee information must be entered on form PTOL-85B to reflect the assignment data recorded in the Office, even if multiple names are listed.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-cf106ec975f9f74605c49e74]
Assignee Name on Patent May Differ From PTOL-85B
Note:
The assignee name printed on the patent may differ from the name entered on the PTOL-85B form if multiple names are provided for the same party.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-99a9838f114102fb51f0469d]
Assignee Entry on Patent Will Be Smith Company
Note:
The assignee name printed on the patent will be 'Smith Company' even if multiple names are listed on the Fee(s) Transmittal form.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-3d342d877d449babddfb7ea4]
Assignee Information on PTOL-85B
Note:
Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will be reflected in the issued patent but does not change the applicant of record.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-b2dc4b31b9936941e4a6f838]
Request to Change Assignee as Applicant
Note:
If the assignee is not the applicant of record, an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the issue fee payment.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Issue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-8424687b9c8db2c4ab04bc07]
Application Exported to Final Data Capture After Fees and Requirements Met
Note:
When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements are satisfied, the application is electronically exported to the Final Data Capture stage for final processing before issuance.

When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements have been met (e.g., drawings) for issuance as a patent, the application is then electronically exported to the Final Data Capture (FDC) stage. The FDC makes any updates necessary to the electronic file and places the allowed patent application in an issued status. Issue Notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system after the payment of the issue fee, usually on the Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues. For those applicants who participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the Issue Notification to the applicant's designated email address. For those who do not participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification prior to the issue date of the patent. However, the USPTO foresees the possibility that a patent may issue electronically before the applicant receives a mailed Issue Notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceIssue FeesMaintenance Fee AmountsFee Requirements
MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-1642c8562bd029209f2ac5d7]
Issue Fees Determine Issuance Order
Note:
Patents are issued in chronological order based on when the issue fee was paid, with special handling for certain applications.
All allowed applications ready for issuance will be selected by chronological sequence based on the date the issue fee was paid. Special handling will be given to the following applications in these categories:
  • (A) Allowed cases which were made special by the Director.
  • (B) Allowed cases that have an earliest claimed priority date more than 5 years old.
  • (C) Allowed reissue applications.
  • (D) Allowed applications having an earliest claimed priority date earlier than that required for declaring an interference with a copending application claiming the same subject matter.
  • (E) Allowed application of a party involved in a terminated interference.
Jump to MPEP SourceIssue FeesSequence Listing FormatFee Requirements
MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-b8c8d00c798bf0b8aba7473e]
Priority Date Earlier Than Interference Required
Note:
Applications with an earlier priority date than required for declaring an interference must be handled specially.

All allowed applications ready for issuance will be selected by chronological sequence based on the date the issue fee was paid. Special handling will be given to the following applications in these categories:

(D) Allowed applications having an earliest claimed priority date earlier than that required for declaring an interference with a copending application claiming the same subject matter.

Jump to MPEP SourceIssue FeesSequence Listing FormatFee Requirements
Topic

Notice of Allowance

4 rules
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-da6218ec23565211f2620871]
Electronic Capture After Notice of Allowance
Note:
Information for the patent will be electronically captured once an electronic message concerning the allowed application is received after the Notice of Allowance has been mailed.

Electronic capture of most of the information to be printed in a patent will begin as soon as an electronic message concerning the allowed application is received in the Office of Data Management, immediately after the Notice of Allowance has been mailed. The application is then electronically exported to Initial Data Capture (IDC) for electronic capture of the patent filed. Upon IDC completion, an electronic message is then sent to the File Maintenance Facility (FMF) to ensure that all post allowance correspondence, fees and drawings have been updated. The application may stay in FMF or until all post-allowance requirements are met.

Jump to MPEP SourceNotice of AllowancePatent Issue and Publication
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-b153c69d69b5310bd26a348d]
Application Data Sent to IDC After Allowance
Note:
The application is electronically exported to Initial Data Capture (IDC) for patent electronic capture after receiving the Notice of Allowance.

Electronic capture of most of the information to be printed in a patent will begin as soon as an electronic message concerning the allowed application is received in the Office of Data Management, immediately after the Notice of Allowance has been mailed. The application is then electronically exported to Initial Data Capture (IDC) for electronic capture of the patent filed. Upon IDC completion, an electronic message is then sent to the File Maintenance Facility (FMF) to ensure that all post allowance correspondence, fees and drawings have been updated. The application may stay in FMF or until all post-allowance requirements are met.

Jump to MPEP SourceNotice of AllowancePatent Issue and Publication
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-8110e22ad8179c3dff8e852f]
Electronic Message Sent to FMF After IDC Completion
Note:
An electronic message is sent to the File Maintenance Facility (FMF) after IDC completion to ensure all post allowance correspondence, fees, and drawings are updated.

Electronic capture of most of the information to be printed in a patent will begin as soon as an electronic message concerning the allowed application is received in the Office of Data Management, immediately after the Notice of Allowance has been mailed. The application is then electronically exported to Initial Data Capture (IDC) for electronic capture of the patent filed. Upon IDC completion, an electronic message is then sent to the File Maintenance Facility (FMF) to ensure that all post allowance correspondence, fees and drawings have been updated. The application may stay in FMF or until all post-allowance requirements are met.

Jump to MPEP SourceNotice of AllowancePatent Issue and Publication
MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-1309-b774e459a1bdbcffc39f6229]
Application Stays Until All Post-Allowance Requirements Met
Note:
The application remains in the File Maintenance Facility until all post-allowance requirements, including fees and drawings, are satisfied after receiving a Notice of Allowance.

Electronic capture of most of the information to be printed in a patent will begin as soon as an electronic message concerning the allowed application is received in the Office of Data Management, immediately after the Notice of Allowance has been mailed. The application is then electronically exported to Initial Data Capture (IDC) for electronic capture of the patent filed. Upon IDC completion, an electronic message is then sent to the File Maintenance Facility (FMF) to ensure that all post allowance correspondence, fees and drawings have been updated. The application may stay in FMF or until all post-allowance requirements are met.

Jump to MPEP SourceNotice of AllowancePatent Issue and Publication
Topic

Electronic Office Action Notification

4 rules
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-73177e61ab31c5c01d293a54]
FDC Updates Electronic File for Patent Issuance
Note:
The Final Data Capture stage updates the electronic file and places an allowed patent application in issued status after payment of the issue fee.

When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements have been met (e.g., drawings) for issuance as a patent, the application is then electronically exported to the Final Data Capture (FDC) stage. The FDC makes any updates necessary to the electronic file and places the allowed patent application in an issued status. Issue Notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system after the payment of the issue fee, usually on the Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues. For those applicants who participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the Issue Notification to the applicant's designated email address. For those who do not participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification prior to the issue date of the patent. However, the USPTO foresees the possibility that a patent may issue electronically before the applicant receives a mailed Issue Notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceElectronic Office Action NotificationMailing of Office ActionsExaminer's Action (37 CFR 1.104)
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-c6bedac23085c8a324457d63]
Issue Notification Available Electronically Before Patent Issues
Note:
Issue notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system usually on Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues.

When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements have been met (e.g., drawings) for issuance as a patent, the application is then electronically exported to the Final Data Capture (FDC) stage. The FDC makes any updates necessary to the electronic file and places the allowed patent application in an issued status. Issue Notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system after the payment of the issue fee, usually on the Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues. For those applicants who participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the Issue Notification to the applicant's designated email address. For those who do not participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification prior to the issue date of the patent. However, the USPTO foresees the possibility that a patent may issue electronically before the applicant receives a mailed Issue Notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceElectronic Office Action NotificationIssue FeesMaintenance Fee Amounts
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-161504ca7883a71a2fd9e45d]
E-Office Action Program Applicants Get Issue Notification By Email
Note:
For applicants in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the issue notification to their designated email address after payment of the issue fee and meeting all other requirements.

When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements have been met (e.g., drawings) for issuance as a patent, the application is then electronically exported to the Final Data Capture (FDC) stage. The FDC makes any updates necessary to the electronic file and places the allowed patent application in an issued status. Issue Notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system after the payment of the issue fee, usually on the Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues. For those applicants who participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the Issue Notification to the applicant's designated email address. For those who do not participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification prior to the issue date of the patent. However, the USPTO foresees the possibility that a patent may issue electronically before the applicant receives a mailed Issue Notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceElectronic Office Action NotificationMailing of Office ActionsExaminer's Action (37 CFR 1.104)
MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-1309-3b33c32759512b282b2171ac]
Mailed Issue Notification for Non-e-Office Participants
Note:
The USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification to non-participants of the e-Office action program before the patent issue date, even if the patent may be issued electronically first.

When the issue fee is paid and all other requirements have been met (e.g., drawings) for issuance as a patent, the application is then electronically exported to the Final Data Capture (FDC) stage. The FDC makes any updates necessary to the electronic file and places the allowed patent application in an issued status. Issue Notifications will be available electronically via the USPTO patent electronic filing system after the payment of the issue fee, usually on the Wednesday or Thursday before the patent issues. For those applicants who participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will email notification of the Issue Notification to the applicant's designated email address. For those who do not participate in the e-Office action program, the USPTO will send a mailed Issue Notification prior to the issue date of the patent. However, the USPTO foresees the possibility that a patent may issue electronically before the applicant receives a mailed Issue Notification.

Jump to MPEP SourceElectronic Office Action NotificationMailing of Office ActionsExaminer's Action (37 CFR 1.104)
Topic

Patent Grant and Document Format

3 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-2fc4d239769cb04a5c590c32]
Digital Seal and Signature for Electronic Patents
Note:
The electronic patent grant cover sheet uses a digital seal and signature in compliance with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 153.

The electronic patent grant cover sheet is nearly identical in appearance to the cover sheets previously used for paper patents, except that the seal and Director’s signature are in digital form. Importantly, the digital seal and electronic signature of the Director on the electronic patent grant cover sheet are in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 153, which requires that patents be issued "under the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office, and shall be signed by the Director or have [her or] his signature placed thereon and shall be recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office." The new seal is an official USPTO seal in digital form that serves to authenticate the patent, in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1). An encrypted digital signature that may be used to validate the electronic patent document as the issued patent is embedded within the seal.

Jump to MPEP SourcePatent Grant and Document FormatPatent Issue and PublicationSignature Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-2818bc743b54106118035607]
Director’s Digital Seal and Signature Required for Electronic Patents
Note:
The Director's digital seal and electronic signature must conform to 35 U.S.C. 153 requirements for issuing patents electronically.

The electronic patent grant cover sheet is nearly identical in appearance to the cover sheets previously used for paper patents, except that the seal and Director’s signature are in digital form. Importantly, the digital seal and electronic signature of the Director on the electronic patent grant cover sheet are in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 153, which requires that patents be issued "under the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office, and shall be signed by the Director or have [her or] his signature placed thereon and shall be recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office." The new seal is an official USPTO seal in digital form that serves to authenticate the patent, in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1). An encrypted digital signature that may be used to validate the electronic patent document as the issued patent is embedded within the seal.

Jump to MPEP SourcePatent Grant and Document FormatElectronic Signature (S-Signature)Patent Issue and Publication
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-1309-f8f0a77402b66b29c0f5c019]
Digital Signature Embedded Within Patent Seal
Note:
An encrypted digital signature is embedded within the electronic patent seal to validate the document as an issued patent.

The electronic patent grant cover sheet is nearly identical in appearance to the cover sheets previously used for paper patents, except that the seal and Director’s signature are in digital form. Importantly, the digital seal and electronic signature of the Director on the electronic patent grant cover sheet are in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 153, which requires that patents be issued "under the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office, and shall be signed by the Director or have [her or] his signature placed thereon and shall be recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office." The new seal is an official USPTO seal in digital form that serves to authenticate the patent, in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1). An encrypted digital signature that may be used to validate the electronic patent document as the issued patent is embedded within the seal.

Jump to MPEP SourcePatent Grant and Document FormatPatent Issue and PublicationSignature Requirements
Topic

Registration Number on Signature

2 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-d8e7cdaa6cd5d3f0dfcb9677]
Names for Fee Transmittal Form Required
Note:
The person submitting the base issue fee must indicate up to three registered patent attorneys or agents, or a firm with at least one member and two additional names.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL-85B) provides a space (item 2) for the person submitting the base issue fee to indicate, for printing, (1) the names of up to three registered patent attorneys or agents or, alternatively, (2) the name of a single firm, which has as a member at least one registered patent attorney or agent, and the names of up to two registered patent attorneys or agents. If the person submitting the issue fee desires that no name of practitioner or firm be printed on the patent, the space on the Fee(s) Transmittal form should be left blank. If no name is listed on the form, no name will be printed on the patent.

Jump to MPEP SourceRegistration Number on SignatureIssue FeesFee Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-a044f8177ae778c773aa44fe]
No Name Listed on Form Means No Name on Patent
Note:
If no name is entered on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, no practitioner's name will be printed on the patent.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL-85B) provides a space (item 2) for the person submitting the base issue fee to indicate, for printing, (1) the names of up to three registered patent attorneys or agents or, alternatively, (2) the name of a single firm, which has as a member at least one registered patent attorney or agent, and the names of up to two registered patent attorneys or agents. If the person submitting the issue fee desires that no name of practitioner or firm be printed on the patent, the space on the Fee(s) Transmittal form should be left blank. If no name is listed on the form, no name will be printed on the patent.

Jump to MPEP SourceRegistration Number on SignatureIssue FeesFee Requirements
Topic

Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)

2 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-adc2930bfe4669b44c253132]
Assignment Data Must Be Supplied on Fee(s) Transmittal Form
Note:
The name and address of the assignee must be provided in item 3 of the Fee(s) Transmittal form PTOL-85B for it to appear on the patent.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL -85B) provides a space (item 3) for assignment data which should be completed in order to comply with 37 CFR 3.81. The Office does not look to the assignment record to determine the name of the assignee to be printed on the front of the patent. Therefore, unless an assignee’s name and address are identified in item 3 of the Fee(s) Transmittal form PTOL-85B, the patent will issue to the applicant. Assignment data printed on the patent will be based solely on the information so supplied. See MPEP § 307. Recording of the assignment, or submission of the assignment for recordation as set forth in 37 CFR 3.11 is required for a Patent to issue to an assignee. See 37 CFR 3.81(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.81Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)Recording of Assignments (MPEP 302-303)Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-99b1a3036b543c1edcef91bc]
Recording of Assignment Required for Patent Issuance
Note:
The assignment must be recorded or submitted for recordation to ensure a patent is issued to the correct assignee.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL -85B) provides a space (item 3) for assignment data which should be completed in order to comply with 37 CFR 3.81. The Office does not look to the assignment record to determine the name of the assignee to be printed on the front of the patent. Therefore, unless an assignee’s name and address are identified in item 3 of the Fee(s) Transmittal form PTOL-85B, the patent will issue to the applicant. Assignment data printed on the patent will be based solely on the information so supplied. See MPEP § 307. Recording of the assignment, or submission of the assignment for recordation as set forth in 37 CFR 3.11 is required for a Patent to issue to an assignee. See 37 CFR 3.81(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.81Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)Recording of Assignments (MPEP 302-303)Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Topic

Signature Requirements

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1309-026ecfce3b3371d04126f79b]
Patent Must Be Signed and Recorded
Note:
A patent must be signed by the Director of the Patent and Trademark Office or have their signature placed on it, and must be recorded in the office.

Patents shall be issued in the name of the United States of America, under the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office, and shall be signed by the Director or have his signature placed thereon and shall be recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office.

Jump to MPEP SourceSignature Requirements
Topic

Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1309-3ec1310755b190cf59628cb1]
Assignment Data Must Be Provided on PTOL-85B
Note:
The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL -85B) requires assignment data to be completed for patent issuance compliance with 37 CFR 3.81.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL -85B) provides a space (item 3) for assignment data which should be completed in order to comply with 37 CFR 3.81. The Office does not look to the assignment record to determine the name of the assignee to be printed on the front of the patent. Therefore, unless an assignee’s name and address are identified in item 3 of the Fee(s) Transmittal form PTOL-85B, the patent will issue to the applicant. Assignment data printed on the patent will be based solely on the information so supplied. See MPEP § 307. Recording of the assignment, or submission of the assignment for recordation as set forth in 37 CFR 3.11 is required for a Patent to issue to an assignee. See 37 CFR 3.81(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.81Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)Fee RequirementsRecordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
Topic

Fee Requirements

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-fad8a802462eff43b182a7d0]
Assignee Name Must Be Specified on Fee(s) Transmittal Form
Note:
The Office will not use the assignment record to determine the assignee name printed on the patent. The name must be specified in item 3 of the PTOL-85B form for the patent to issue to an assignee.

The Fee(s) Transmittal form (PTOL -85B) provides a space (item 3) for assignment data which should be completed in order to comply with 37 CFR 3.81. The Office does not look to the assignment record to determine the name of the assignee to be printed on the front of the patent. Therefore, unless an assignee’s name and address are identified in item 3 of the Fee(s) Transmittal form PTOL-85B, the patent will issue to the applicant. Assignment data printed on the patent will be based solely on the information so supplied. See MPEP § 307. Recording of the assignment, or submission of the assignment for recordation as set forth in 37 CFR 3.11 is required for a Patent to issue to an assignee. See 37 CFR 3.81(a).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 3.81Fee RequirementsPatent Issue and PublicationRecordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
Topic

Maintenance Fee Amounts

1 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-1309-9b6af5a1535ce49dfeffe73c]
First Appearing Assignee Name Printed on Patent
Note:
The first name listed on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B, will be printed on the patent even if multiple names are used for the same party.

Only the first appearing name of an assignee will be printed on the patent where multiple names for the same party are identified on the Fee(s) Transmittal form, PTOL-85B. Such multiple names may occur when both a legal name and an “also known as” or “doing business as” name is also included. This printing practice will not, however, affect the practice of recording assignments with the Assignment Recordation Branch. The assignee entry on form PTOL-85B should still be completed to indicate the assignment data as recorded in the Office. For example, the assignment filed in the Office and therefore the PTOL-85B assignee entry might read “Smith Company doing business as (d.b.a.) Jones Company.” The assignee entry on the printed patent will read “Smith Company.” Providing assignee information on the form PTOL-85B will result in identification of the assignee in the assignee field of the issued patent, but will not affect any change in the applicant of record. If the assignee is not the applicant of record, then an appropriate request under 37 CFR 1.46(c) must be filed before or with the payment of the issue fee for the patent to reflect the assignee as both the applicant and the assignee.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.46(c)Maintenance Fee AmountsFee RequirementsIssue Fees
Topic

S-Signature Authentication

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1309-97bb2b6d6e66477229ad91f4]
Digital Seal Requirement for Patents
Note:
The digital seal on electronic patent grant cover sheets must conform to 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1) and authenticate the patent as required by law.

The electronic patent grant cover sheet is nearly identical in appearance to the cover sheets previously used for paper patents, except that the seal and Director’s signature are in digital form. Importantly, the digital seal and electronic signature of the Director on the electronic patent grant cover sheet are in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 153, which requires that patents be issued "under the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office, and shall be signed by the Director or have [her or] his signature placed thereon and shall be recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office." The new seal is an official USPTO seal in digital form that serves to authenticate the patent, in conformance with 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(1). An encrypted digital signature that may be used to validate the electronic patent document as the issued patent is embedded within the seal.

Jump to MPEP SourceS-Signature AuthenticationPatent Grant and Document FormatElectronic Signature (S-Signature)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Patent Grant and Document Format
S-Signature Authentication
35 U.S.C. § 153
Patent Grant and Document Format
S-Signature Authentication
35 U.S.C. § 2(b)(1)
Issue Fees
Maintenance Fee Amounts
37 CFR § 1.46(c)
37 CFR § 1.9(k)
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Fee Requirements
Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
37 CFR § 3.11
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Fee Requirements
Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
37 CFR § 3.81
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Fee Requirements
Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
37 CFR § 3.81(a)
MPEP § 2128
Assignment and Ownership (MPEP Chapter 300)
Fee Requirements
Recordable Documents (37 CFR 3.11)
MPEP § 307

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2026-01-17