MPEP § 1207.01 — Appeal Conference (Annotated Rules)

§1207.01 Appeal Conference

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2026-01-17

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 1207.01, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Appeal Conference

This section addresses Appeal Conference. Primary authority: 37 CFR 41.39. Contains: 4 requirements, 4 guidance statements, 1 permission, and 2 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Ex Parte Appeals to PTAB

5 rules
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-332da6b19e3d0cf8e9fa9cec]
Examiners and SPE Must Attend Appeal Conferences
Note:
The appeal conference must include the examiner preparing the answer, a supervisory patent examiner (SPE), and another experienced examiner to assist in reviewing the issues.

The participants of the appeal conference should include (1) the examiner charged with preparation of the examiner’s answer, (2) a supervisory patent examiner (SPE), and (3) another examiner, known as a conferee, having sufficient experience to be of assistance in the consideration of the merits of the issues on appeal. During the appeal conference, consideration should be given to the possibility of dropping cumulative art rejections and eliminating technical rejections of doubtful value.

Jump to MPEP SourceEx Parte Appeals to PTAB
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-b2adb9c0a45803b02e81c65c]
Consider Dropping Cumulative Rejections
Note:
During the appeal conference, participants should consider dropping cumulative art rejections and eliminating technical rejections of doubtful value.

The participants of the appeal conference should include (1) the examiner charged with preparation of the examiner’s answer, (2) a supervisory patent examiner (SPE), and (3) another examiner, known as a conferee, having sufficient experience to be of assistance in the consideration of the merits of the issues on appeal. During the appeal conference, consideration should be given to the possibility of dropping cumulative art rejections and eliminating technical rejections of doubtful value.

Jump to MPEP SourceEx Parte Appeals to PTAB
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-49725771ace89e51c9e0d3ae]
Weigh Arguments Before Preparing Examiner's Answer
Note:
The examiner must consider the arguments of other examiners during an appeal conference before preparing the examiner’s answer if rejections are to be maintained.

The examiner responsible for preparing the examiner’s answer should weigh the arguments of the other examiners presented during the appeal conference. If it is determined that the rejection(s) should be maintained, the examiner responsible for preparing the examiner’s answer will prepare the examiner’s answer.

Jump to MPEP SourceEx Parte Appeals to PTAB
MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-1207-01-8a9aa4f47fb2a70a5d91bd26]
Examiner Must Indicate Appeal Conference Held
Note:
The examiner must include an indication that an appeal conference has been held, including the names and initials of conferees, to avoid returning the application for corrective action.

The Patent Appeal Center will review the examiner’s answer to determine whether there is an indication that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner’s answer does not contain the appropriate indication that an appeal conference has been held (i.e., including the names of the conferees and identifying themselves as the conferees along with their initials), the Patent Appeal Center may return the application to the examiner for corrective action.

Jump to MPEP SourceEx Parte Appeals to PTAB
MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-ec19d12b510e12b60cfe0368]
Examiner Must Identify Conferees in Answer
Note:
The examiner's answer must include the names and initials of conferees to indicate that an appeal conference has been held; otherwise, the application may be returned for corrective action.

The Patent Appeal Center will review the examiner’s answer to determine whether there is an indication that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner’s answer does not contain the appropriate indication that an appeal conference has been held (i.e., including the names of the conferees and identifying themselves as the conferees along with their initials), the Patent Appeal Center may return the application to the examiner for corrective action.

Jump to MPEP SourceEx Parte Appeals to PTAB
Topic

Appeal Conference

2 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-8768ff0170aa79178f39a80d]
List Appeal Conferees on Examiner's Answer
Note:
The examiner’s answer must include the names of all appeal conference participants below the primary examiner’s signature, with initials next to their names.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39Appeal ConferenceEx Parte Appeals to PTABExaminer's Answer Content
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1207-01-317244ee7c1c518057bd2b95]
Initials Required for Appeal Participants
Note:
The two appeal conference participants must initial their names to confirm attendance and ensure the record shows that an appeal conference has been held.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39Appeal ConferenceEx Parte Appeals to PTABExaminer's Answer Content
Topic

New Ground of Rejection in Answer

2 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1207-01-d2f11981b46ee3b6c5d693d7]
Designate New Ground of Rejection Clearly
Note:
When an examiner's answer includes a new ground of rejection, it must be clearly designated as such and approved by the Technology Center Director or their designee.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39New Ground of Rejection in AnswerExaminer's AnswerExaminer's Answer Content
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1207-01-4345ebb5f9d492778f606af4]
Approval Required for New Grounds of Rejection
Note:
A new ground of rejection in an examiner's answer must be approved by a Technology Center Director or their designee.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39New Ground of Rejection in AnswerExaminer's Answer ContentAppeal Conference
Topic

Examiner's Answer Content

2 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-1207-01-722bca7cca1ca94f3b01e863]
Director Approval Required for New Grounds of Rejection
Note:
When an examiner's answer introduces new grounds of rejection, it must be approved by the USPTO Director or their delegate.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39Examiner's Answer ContentExaminer's AnswerNew Ground of Rejection in Answer
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-1207-01-59d9bebaa5865645c837e58b]
TC Director Approval for New Ground of Rejection
Note:
The Technology Center (TC) Director or their designee must approve any new ground of rejection in the examiner's answer.

On the examiner’s answer, below the primary examiner’s signature, the word “Conferees:” should be included, followed by the typed or printed names of the other two appeal conference participants. These two appeal conference participants must place their initials next to their name. This will make the record clear that an appeal conference has been held. If the examiner's answer contains a new ground of rejection, it must clearly designate the rejection as a new ground of rejection. 37 CFR 41.39 specifies that new grounds of rejection must be approved by the Director – i.e., Director of the USPTO. This authority has been delegated to the Technology Center (TC) Directors or their designee(s). The answer must also include the signature of a Technology Center (TC) Director or designee to indicate that they approve the new ground of rejection. See MPEP § 1207.03 and form paragraph 12.279.01

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 41.39Examiner's Answer ContentNew Ground of Rejection in AnswerAppeal Conference
Topic

SPE Review Requirements

1 rules
MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-78fd216c1b75a7a41f3829a9]
Mandatory Appeal Conference for Acceptable Briefs
Note:
An appeal conference is required when an acceptable brief is filed, unless the examiner and SPE agree that the appeal should not proceed.

An appeal conference is mandatory in all cases in which an acceptable brief (MPEP § 1205) has been filed. However, if the examiner charged with the responsibility of preparing the examiner’s answer reaches a conclusion that the appeal should not go forward and the supervisory patent examiner (SPE) approves, then no appeal conference is necessary. In this case, the examiner may reopen prosecution and issue another Office action or may prepare a notice of allowability if appropriate. See MPEP § 1207.04. In circumstances where a notice of allowability is prepared, it may be appropriate to include reasons for allowance. See MPEP § 1302.14.

Jump to MPEP SourceSPE Review RequirementsAllowance After Appeal or RCESigning and Review of Actions
Topic

Examiner Sustained – Amendment Options

1 rules
MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-5b31140e6ef33b56334b3035]
Examiner May Reopen Prosecution Post-Decision
Note:
After an appeal decision, the examiner can reopen prosecution and issue another Office action or prepare a notice of allowability if appropriate.

An appeal conference is mandatory in all cases in which an acceptable brief (MPEP § 1205) has been filed. However, if the examiner charged with the responsibility of preparing the examiner’s answer reaches a conclusion that the appeal should not go forward and the supervisory patent examiner (SPE) approves, then no appeal conference is necessary. In this case, the examiner may reopen prosecution and issue another Office action or may prepare a notice of allowability if appropriate. See MPEP § 1207.04. In circumstances where a notice of allowability is prepared, it may be appropriate to include reasons for allowance. See MPEP § 1302.14.

Jump to MPEP SourceExaminer Sustained – Amendment OptionsReopening Prosecution After AppealProcedure After Board Decision
Topic

Statement of Reasons for Allowance

1 rules
MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-1207-01-e269112ad4d334f3dbe91801]
Including Reasons for Allowance in Notice of Allowability
Note:
When preparing a notice of allowability, it is appropriate to include reasons why the application is being allowed.

An appeal conference is mandatory in all cases in which an acceptable brief (MPEP § 1205) has been filed. However, if the examiner charged with the responsibility of preparing the examiner’s answer reaches a conclusion that the appeal should not go forward and the supervisory patent examiner (SPE) approves, then no appeal conference is necessary. In this case, the examiner may reopen prosecution and issue another Office action or may prepare a notice of allowability if appropriate. See MPEP § 1207.04. In circumstances where a notice of allowability is prepared, it may be appropriate to include reasons for allowance. See MPEP § 1302.14.

Jump to MPEP SourceStatement of Reasons for AllowanceReasons for AllowanceAllowance Practice

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Appeal Conference
Examiner's Answer Content
New Ground of Rejection in Answer
37 CFR § 41.39
Examiner Sustained – Amendment Options
SPE Review Requirements
Statement of Reasons for Allowance
MPEP § 1205
Appeal Conference
Examiner's Answer Content
New Ground of Rejection in Answer
MPEP § 1207.03
Examiner Sustained – Amendment Options
SPE Review Requirements
Statement of Reasons for Allowance
MPEP § 1207.04
Examiner Sustained – Amendment Options
SPE Review Requirements
Statement of Reasons for Allowance
MPEP § 1302.14
Appeal Conference
Examiner's Answer Content
New Ground of Rejection in Answer
Form Paragraph § 12.279.01

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2026-01-17