MPEP § 2218 — Copies of Prior Art (Annotated Rules)

§2218 Copies of Prior Art

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2025-12-31

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2218, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Copies of Prior Art

This section addresses Copies of Prior Art. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 302, 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)), and 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3). Contains: 5 requirements and 6 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Request Content Requirements

6 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-e1402742245a18ac4fd9d5d2]
Legible Copy Required for Patent Request
Note:
A copy must be legible and scanable; otherwise, it is deemed not provided.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Request Content RequirementsEx Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte Reexamination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-dfd7582a60ee646f2e0c3f7b]
Color Photographs and Submissions Must Be Legible as Presented
Note:
If color photographs or similar submissions are legible, they will be retained in an artifact file. This applies to documents relied on in the request for ex parte reexamination.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Request Content RequirementsEx Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte Reexamination
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2218-43889b6eb45cebe9c42419ef]
Translation Required for Non-English Documents
Note:
If any documents are not in English, an English translation of all necessary parts must be provided.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Request Content RequirementsEx Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte Reexamination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-5fccb3f61dd58a250e981699]
Translation Required for Non-English Documents
Note:
An English translation of all necessary and pertinent parts of non-English language documents is required, not just a summary or abstract.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Request Content RequirementsEx Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte Reexamination
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-33c7db66cc41235c2c7ead0d]
Non-English Publications Require Translation
Note:
Patent or printed publications in non-English must be translated for Office consideration, beyond just submitting the original text.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Request Content RequirementsEx Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte Reexamination
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2218-6b91187c04b7633b5c75927c]
Waiver for U.S. Patents and Publications in Information Disclosure Statement
Note:
This rule waives the requirement to submit copies of U.S. patents and publications unless specifically required by the Office.

The requirement for the submission of a copy of every patent or printed publication relied upon or referred to in the request, pursuant to 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3), is waived to the extent that copies of U.S. patents and U.S. patent application publications which are relied upon or referred to in the request are not required to be submitted with the request, unless specifically required by the Office. This waiver is in accordance with 37 CFR 1.98, which excludes U.S. patents and U.S. patent publications from the requirement for the submission of a legible copy of documents cited in an information disclosure statement, unless specifically required by the Office.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)Request Content RequirementsSIR Patent Rights WaiverStatutory Invention Registration (Discontinued)
Topic

Ex Parte Reexamination Request

3 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2218-df30b03d3dd14c0a7cf065ab]
Requirement for Patent and Printed Publication Copies
Note:
The rule requires that copies of patents and printed publications relied upon in an ex parte reexamination request be filed with the request.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Ex Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte ReexaminationRequest Content Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-9666b32047c8878723a650a7]
Requirement for Legible Prior Art Copies
Note:
The rule requires that copies of prior art relied upon in an ex parte reexamination request must be legible and provided with the request.

It is required that a copy of each patent or printed publication relied on or referred to in the request filed under 35 U.S.C. 302, be filed with the request (37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)). If the copy provided is not legible, or is such that its image scanned into the Image File Wrapper system (IFW) will not be legible, it is deemed to not have been provided. The appropriate “Notice of Failure to Comply with Ex Parte Reexamination Request Filing Requirements” (see MPEP § 2227) will identify this defect. An exception is color photographs and like color submissions, which, if legible as presented, will be retained in an “artifact” file and used as such. If any of the documents are not in the English language, an English language translation of all necessary and pertinent parts is also required. See MPEP § 609.04(a), subsection III. An English language summary or abstract of a non-English language document is usually not sufficient. There is no assurance that the Office will consider the non-English language patent or printed publication beyond the translation matter that is submitted.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3))Ex Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte ReexaminationRequest Content Requirements
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2218-491efba0c3a47dc0af5a5f44]
Waiver of Patent Copy Submission for U.S. Patents and Publications
Note:
U.S. patents and publications do not need to be submitted unless specifically required by the Office.

The requirement for the submission of a copy of every patent or printed publication relied upon or referred to in the request, pursuant to 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3), is waived to the extent that copies of U.S. patents and U.S. patent application publications which are relied upon or referred to in the request are not required to be submitted with the request, unless specifically required by the Office. This waiver is in accordance with 37 CFR 1.98, which excludes U.S. patents and U.S. patent publications from the requirement for the submission of a legible copy of documents cited in an information disclosure statement, unless specifically required by the Office.

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.510(b)(3)Ex Parte Reexamination RequestEx Parte ReexaminationRequest Content Requirements
Topic

Prior Consideration of Art

1 rules
StatutoryRequiredAlways
[mpep-2218-b8a8dc061671e3543918a42a]
Copending Reexamination Prohibits Submission of Copies
Note:
Parties must not submit copies of copending reexamination proceedings and applications; instead, provide the application number and status.

In addition, it is not required nor is it permitted that parties submit copies of copending reexamination proceedings and applications (which copies can be mistaken for a new request/filing); rather, submitters may provide the application/proceeding number and its status (note that a submission that is not permitted entry will be returned, expunged or discarded, at the sole discretion of the Office). For example, where the patent for which reexamination is requested is a continuation-in-part of a parent application, the requester would notify the Office of the application number of the parent application and its status if the asserted substantial new question of patentability relates to a proposed rejection based on an intervening art and the question of whether the claimed subject matter in the patent has support in the parent application is relevant.

Jump to MPEP SourcePrior Consideration of ArtSNQ CriteriaSubstantial New Question of Patentability
Topic

SNQ Criteria

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2218-67717314df9507e14551403f]
Notification of Parent Application for SNQ
Note:
Requesters must notify the Office of the parent application number and status if a substantial new question of patentability relates to intervening art and claimed subject matter support.

In addition, it is not required nor is it permitted that parties submit copies of copending reexamination proceedings and applications (which copies can be mistaken for a new request/filing); rather, submitters may provide the application/proceeding number and its status (note that a submission that is not permitted entry will be returned, expunged or discarded, at the sole discretion of the Office). For example, where the patent for which reexamination is requested is a continuation-in-part of a parent application, the requester would notify the Office of the application number of the parent application and its status if the asserted substantial new question of patentability relates to a proposed rejection based on an intervening art and the question of whether the claimed subject matter in the patent has support in the parent application is relevant.

Jump to MPEP SourceSNQ CriteriaSubstantial New Question of PatentabilityEx Parte Reexamination

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Ex Parte Reexamination Request
Request Content Requirements
35 U.S.C. § 302
Ex Parte Reexamination Request
Request Content Requirements
37 CFR § 1.510(b)(3)
Ex Parte Reexamination Request
Request Content Requirements
37 CFR § 1.98
Ex Parte Reexamination Request
Request Content Requirements
MPEP § 2227
Ex Parte Reexamination Request
Request Content Requirements
MPEP § 609.04(a)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31