MPEP § 2155.06 — Situations in Which an Affidavit or Declaration Is Not Available (Annotated Rules)

§2155.06 Situations in Which an Affidavit or Declaration Is Not Available

USPTO MPEP version: BlueIron's Update: 2026-01-10

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 2155.06, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Situations in Which an Affidavit or Declaration Is Not Available

This section addresses Situations in Which an Affidavit or Declaration Is Not Available. Primary authority: 35 U.S.C. 100, 35 U.S.C. 102, and 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1). Contains: 2 prohibitions, 1 guidance statement, and 3 other statements.

Key Rules

Topic

Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIA

2 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2155-06-2a0acfeae3209edcb2d80f27]
Disclosure More Than One Year Old Cannot Use Provisions of 37 CFR 1.130
Note:
This rule states that if a rejection is based on a disclosure made more than one year before the effective filing date, the provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 cannot be applied.

The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if the rejection is based upon a disclosure made more than one year before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. A disclosure made more than one year before the effective filing date of a claimed invention is prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) that cannot be excepted as prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIAPre-AIA 102(b) – Statutory Bar (MPEP 2133)Determining AIA vs Pre-AIA Applicability (MPEP 2159)
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-2155-06-e3d24cb5988309b496238c06]
Disclosure More Than One Year Old Is Prior Art
Note:
A disclosure made over a year before the filing date cannot be excluded as prior art.

The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if the rejection is based upon a disclosure made more than one year before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. A disclosure made more than one year before the effective filing date of a claimed invention is prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) that cannot be excepted as prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIAPre-AIA 102(b) – Statutory Bar (MPEP 2133)Determining AIA vs Pre-AIA Applicability (MPEP 2159)
Topic

Content of Patent Application Publication

2 rules
StatutoryProhibitedAlways
[mpep-2155-06-7cb47966a8320b207b0e1ed9]
Affidavit Not Available for Identical Inventions
Note:
An affidavit or declaration is not available if the rejection is based on a U.S. patent or application publication claiming an invention similar to the applicant's, and the inventor claims derivation from another named inventor.

Additionally, the provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 may not be available if the rejection is based upon a U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication naming another inventor if: (1) the patent or pending application claims an invention that is the same or substantially the same as the applicant's or patent owner's claimed invention; and (2) the affidavit or declaration contends that the inventor or a joint inventor named in the U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication derived the claimed invention from the inventor or a joint inventor named in the application or patent. The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if an affidavit or declaration would result in the Office issuing or confirming two patents containing patentably indistinct claims to two different parties. See In re Deckler, 977 F.2d 1449, 1451-52, 24 USPQ2d 1448, 1449 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (35 U.S.C. 102, 103, and 135 “clearly contemplate—where different inventive entities are concerned—only one patent should issue for inventions which are either identical to or not patentably distinct from each other”) (quoting Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 570, 192 USPQ 486, 490 (CCPA 1977)). In this situation, an applicant or patent owner may file a petition for a derivation proceeding pursuant to 37 CFR 42.401 et seq. (37 CFR 1.130(c)).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Content of Patent Application PublicationPublication of Patent ApplicationsDerivation Petition Requirements
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2155-06-470ce061746a7cbe28049e14]
Two Different Parties Cannot Receive Identical Claims
Note:
An affidavit or declaration cannot be used if it would result in two different parties receiving patentably indistinct claims.

Additionally, the provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 may not be available if the rejection is based upon a U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication naming another inventor if: (1) the patent or pending application claims an invention that is the same or substantially the same as the applicant's or patent owner's claimed invention; and (2) the affidavit or declaration contends that the inventor or a joint inventor named in the U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication derived the claimed invention from the inventor or a joint inventor named in the application or patent. The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if an affidavit or declaration would result in the Office issuing or confirming two patents containing patentably indistinct claims to two different parties. See In re Deckler, 977 F.2d 1449, 1451-52, 24 USPQ2d 1448, 1449 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (35 U.S.C. 102, 103, and 135 “clearly contemplate—where different inventive entities are concerned—only one patent should issue for inventions which are either identical to or not patentably distinct from each other”) (quoting Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 570, 192 USPQ 486, 490 (CCPA 1977)). In this situation, an applicant or patent owner may file a petition for a derivation proceeding pursuant to 37 CFR 42.401 et seq. (37 CFR 1.130(c)).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Content of Patent Application PublicationDerivation Petition RequirementsElements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
Topic

Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)

1 rules
StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-2155-06-bf06817b677777cb6d797b4a]
First Inventor to File Provisions Under AIA
Note:
This rule applies to applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the America Invents Act (AIA), as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 100.

[Editor Note: This MPEP section is only applicable to applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions of the AIA as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 100 (note). See MPEP § 2159 et seq. to determine whether an application is subject to examination under the FITF provisions, and MPEP § 2131MPEP § 2138 for examination of applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102.]

Jump to MPEP SourcePrior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)Statutory Authority for ExaminationAIA vs Pre-AIA Practice
Topic

Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)

1 rules
StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-2155-06-2c477a8a6b44b6c67a34ea82]
Only One Patent Per Identical Invention
Note:
When different inventors have similar inventions, only one patent can be issued for identical or not patentably distinct inventions.

Additionally, the provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 may not be available if the rejection is based upon a U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication naming another inventor if: (1) the patent or pending application claims an invention that is the same or substantially the same as the applicant's or patent owner's claimed invention; and (2) the affidavit or declaration contends that the inventor or a joint inventor named in the U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication derived the claimed invention from the inventor or a joint inventor named in the application or patent. The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if an affidavit or declaration would result in the Office issuing or confirming two patents containing patentably indistinct claims to two different parties. See In re Deckler, 977 F.2d 1449, 1451-52, 24 USPQ2d 1448, 1449 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (35 U.S.C. 102, 103, and 135 “clearly contemplate—where different inventive entities are concerned—only one patent should issue for inventions which are either identical to or not patentably distinct from each other”) (quoting Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 570, 192 USPQ 486, 490 (CCPA 1977)). In this situation, an applicant or patent owner may file a petition for a derivation proceeding pursuant to 37 CFR 42.401 et seq. (37 CFR 1.130(c)).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)Novelty / Prior ArtContent of Patent Application Publication
Topic

Derivation Petition Requirements

1 rules
StatutoryPermittedAlways
[mpep-2155-06-66df4ecd97459eb154cf4153]
Petition for Derivation Proceeding Allowed
Note:
An applicant or patent owner may file a petition for a derivation proceeding if the rejection is based on a U.S. patent or publication naming another inventor and the affidavit contends that the named inventor derived the claimed invention from another.

Additionally, the provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 may not be available if the rejection is based upon a U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication naming another inventor if: (1) the patent or pending application claims an invention that is the same or substantially the same as the applicant's or patent owner's claimed invention; and (2) the affidavit or declaration contends that the inventor or a joint inventor named in the U.S. patent or U.S. patent application publication derived the claimed invention from the inventor or a joint inventor named in the application or patent. The provisions of 37 CFR 1.130 are not available if an affidavit or declaration would result in the Office issuing or confirming two patents containing patentably indistinct claims to two different parties. See In re Deckler, 977 F.2d 1449, 1451-52, 24 USPQ2d 1448, 1449 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (35 U.S.C. 102, 103, and 135 “clearly contemplate—where different inventive entities are concerned—only one patent should issue for inventions which are either identical to or not patentably distinct from each other”) (quoting Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 570, 192 USPQ 486, 490 (CCPA 1977)). In this situation, an applicant or patent owner may file a petition for a derivation proceeding pursuant to 37 CFR 42.401 et seq. (37 CFR 1.130(c)).

Jump to MPEP Source · 37 CFR 1.130Derivation Petition RequirementsDerivation Proceedings (AIA)Director Authority and Petitions (MPEP 1000)

Citations

Primary topicCitation
Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)35 U.S.C. § 100
Content of Patent Application Publication
Derivation Petition Requirements
Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)
35 U.S.C. § 102
Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIA35 U.S.C. § 102(a)(1)
Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIA35 U.S.C. § 102(b)(1)
Content of Patent Application Publication
Derivation Petition Requirements
Determining Whether Application Is AIA or Pre-AIA
Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
37 CFR § 1.130
Content of Patent Application Publication
Derivation Petition Requirements
Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
37 CFR § 1.130(c)
Content of Patent Application Publication
Derivation Petition Requirements
Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
37 CFR § 42.401
Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)MPEP § 2131
Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)MPEP § 2138
Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 (MPEP 2131-2138)MPEP § 2159
Content of Patent Application Publication
Derivation Petition Requirements
Elements of Anticipation (MPEP 2131)
quoting Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 570, 192 USPQ 486, 490 (CCPA 1977)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2026-01-10