What are the requirements for shading in reproductions for international design applications?

This page is an FAQ based on guidance from the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only: it is not legal advice.

Shading in reproductions for international design applications must adhere to specific guidelines:

• Shading should be used to clearly show the contours and shape of the surfaces.
• Shading lines and stippling are acceptable, but should not obscure underlying design features.
• Color shading is generally not permitted unless specifically required to show the design.

According to MPEP 2920.04(b):

“Surface shading should be used to show the character or contour of the surfaces. … Solid black surface shading is not permitted except when used to represent the color black as well as color contrast.”

It’s important to ensure that shading enhances the understanding of the design without introducing ambiguity or unnecessary elements.