How does the patent disclosure requirement balance public and inventor interests?

This page is an FAQ based on guidance from the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only: it is not legal advice.

The patent disclosure requirement strikes a balance between public interests and inventor rights:

1. Inventor’s Benefit: The inventor receives exclusive rights to their invention for a limited time.
2. Public Benefit: The public gains access to detailed information about the invention. As the MPEP states: “The requirement for an adequate written description ensures that the public receives something in return for the exclusionary rights that are granted to the inventor by a patent.“
3. Quid Pro Quo: The MPEP explains, “In exchange for the patent rights granted, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, first paragraph, sets forth the minimum requirements for the quality and quantity of information that must be contained in a patent application to justify the grant of a patent.“
4. Promotion of Progress: This exchange fosters innovation and scientific advancement.

This balance ensures that the patent system serves its constitutional purpose of promoting the progress of science and useful arts while rewarding inventors for their contributions.