MPEP § 608.01(c) — Background of the Invention (Annotated Rules)

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 608.01(c), including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Background of the Invention

This section addresses Background of the Invention. Primary authority: 37 CFR 1.97, 37 CFR 1.98, and 37 CFR 608.01(p).

Key Rules

Mandatory Requirements (2)

MPEP GuidanceRequiredAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-cb04a6eb60feade47b84a674]
Background Must Include Specific Parts
Note:
The Background of the Invention section must include specific parts as outlined, though not all are required.

The Background of the Invention may (but is not required to) include the following parts:

MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-ff3917573e21f3336bbb21d7]
Field of Art Must Be Stated
Note:
The field of art to which the invention pertains must be stated in the background section, paraphrasing applicable Cooperative Patent Classification definitions.

(1) Field of the Invention: A statement of the field of art to which the invention pertains. This statement may include a paraphrasing of the applicable Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) definitions. The statement should be directed to the subject matter of the claimed invention.

Conditional Requirements (1)

StatutoryRecommendedAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-1bbc12edafe1a0bb486c9132]
Problems with Prior Art Must Be Indicated
Note:
The applicant must describe the problems in prior art or disclosed information that their invention solves.

(2) Description of the related art including information disclosed under 37 CFR 1.97 and 37 CFR 1.98: A paragraph(s) describing to the extent practical the state of the prior art or other information disclosed known to the applicant, including references to specific prior art or other information where appropriate. Where applicable, the problems involved in the prior art or other information disclosed which are solved by the applicant’s invention should be indicated. See also MPEP § 608.01(a), § 608.01(p) and § 707.05(b).

Permitted Actions (1)

MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-3b869b7a46f3222269f5ed4f]
Description Must Pertain to Invention Field
Note:
The description must be directed to the subject matter of the claimed invention as defined by its field of art.

(1) Field of the Invention: A statement of the field of art to which the invention pertains. This statement may include a paraphrasing of the applicable Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) definitions. The statement should be directed to the subject matter of the claimed invention.

Definitions & Scope (2)

MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-96ca6b5397aa379df6396f70]
Specification Must Describe Invention Completely
Note:
The specification must provide a complete description of the invention within its field of art, aligning with Cooperative Patent Classification definitions.

(1) Field of the Invention: A statement of the field of art to which the invention pertains. This statement may include a paraphrasing of the applicable Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) definitions. The statement should be directed to the subject matter of the claimed invention.

StatutoryInformativeAlways
[mpep-608-01-c-5501e4aaedddbf232a738602]
Description of Related Art Required
Note:
The rule requires a paragraph describing the state of prior art or other information known to the applicant, including references to specific prior art where appropriate.

(2) Description of the related art including information disclosed under 37 CFR 1.97 and 37 CFR 1.98: A paragraph(s) describing to the extent practical the state of the prior art or other information disclosed known to the applicant, including references to specific prior art or other information where appropriate. Where applicable, the problems involved in the prior art or other information disclosed which are solved by the applicant’s invention should be indicated. See also MPEP § 608.01(a), § 608.01(p) and § 707.05(b).

Citations

Primary topicCitation
37 CFR § 1.97
37 CFR § 1.98
37 CFR § 608.01(p)
37 CFR § 707.05(b)
MPEP § 608.01(a)

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31