MPEP § 808.01 — Reasons for Holding of Independence or Distinctness (Annotated Rules)

This page consolidates and annotates all enforceable requirements under MPEP § 808.01, including statutory authority, regulatory rules, examiner guidance, and practice notes. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only, it is not legal advice.

Reasons for Holding of Independence or Distinctness

This section addresses Reasons for Holding of Independence or Distinctness. Primary authority: 37 CFR 806.06.

Key Rules

Mandatory Requirements (4)

MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-808-01-ce4b2f40dc6ef6570e598146]
Examiner Must State Concise Reasons for Holding Inventions Independent or Distinct
Note:
The examiner must provide clear and concise reasons, not just a conclusion, for determining that the inventions as claimed are independent or distinct.

The particular reasons relied on by the examiner for holding that the inventions as claimed are either independent or distinct should be concisely stated. A mere statement of conclusion is inadequate. The reasons upon which the conclusion is based should be given.

MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-808-01-9ea851c3a370dd034d0ab142]
Examiner Must State Reasons for Holding of Independence or Distinctness
Note:
The examiner must provide specific reasons when determining that the inventions as claimed are independent or distinct, rather than just stating a conclusion.

The particular reasons relied on by the examiner for holding that the inventions as claimed are either independent or distinct should be concisely stated. A mere statement of conclusion is inadequate. The reasons upon which the conclusion is based should be given.

MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-808-01-8e39cab508ba74c4b0e58f7b]
Examiner Must Explain Subcombination’s Utility and Combination Independence
Note:
The examiner must justify why a subcombination has utility by itself, in other combinations, and why the claimed combination does not require the specific details of the subcombination.

For example, relative to a combination and a subcombination thereof, the examiner should point out the reasons why he or she considers the subcombination to have utility by itself or in other combinations, and why he or she considers that the combination as claimed does not require the particulars of the subcombination as claimed.

MPEP GuidanceRecommendedAlways
[mpep-808-01-527cbe77ab91d17dad565aae]
Claims Must Be Similarly Treated and Distinct Reasons Set Forth
Note:
The claims must be treated equally, and the reasons for determining their distinctness or independence must be clearly stated.

Each relationship of claimed inventions should be similarly treated and the reasons for the conclusions of distinctness or independence set forth. Form paragraphs 8.01, 8.02, and 8.14 – 8.20.02 may be used as appropriate to explain why the inventions as claimed are independent or distinct. See MPEP § 806.05§ 806.06.

Permitted Actions (1)

MPEP GuidancePermittedAlways
[mpep-808-01-408f58770a31fb9ddfe09a0c]
Requirement for Explaining Invention Independence
Note:
Explain why inventions as claimed are independent or distinct using appropriate form paragraphs and MPEP sections.

Each relationship of claimed inventions should be similarly treated and the reasons for the conclusions of distinctness or independence set forth. Form paragraphs 8.01, 8.02, and 8.14 – 8.20.02 may be used as appropriate to explain why the inventions as claimed are independent or distinct. See MPEP § 806.05§ 806.06.

Definitions & Scope (1)

MPEP GuidanceInformativeAlways
[mpep-808-01-044df1123dcc4b832df24576]
Examiner Must Provide Concise Reasons for Holding of Distinctness
Note:
The examiner must provide concise reasons, not just a conclusion, when holding that inventions as claimed are independent or distinct.

The particular reasons relied on by the examiner for holding that the inventions as claimed are either independent or distinct should be concisely stated. A mere statement of conclusion is inadequate. The reasons upon which the conclusion is based should be given.

Citations

Primary topicCitation
37 CFR § 806.06
MPEP § 806.05

Source Text from USPTO’s MPEP

This is an exact copy of the MPEP from the USPTO. It is here for your reference to see the section in context.

BlueIron Last Updated: 2025-12-31