What are the consequences of improper signatures on patent documents?

This page is an FAQ based on guidance from the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. It is provided as guidance, with links to the ground truth sources. This is information only: it is not legal advice.

Improper signatures on patent documents can have serious consequences:

• The document may be considered unsigned and therefore ineffective.
• It could lead to delays in the patent application process.
• In some cases, it might result in the loss of rights or benefits.
• The USPTO may require a new submission with proper signatures.

MPEP 402.03 states: ‘Signatures on any paper filed in the Office relating to patents must be permanent. The Office will accept and consider electronically submitted papers bearing S-signatures or handwritten signatures.’

To avoid these issues, ensure all signatures meet USPTO requirements and are made by authorized individuals.