What are nonpatent publications in patent examination?

Nonpatent publications are printed materials that can be used as references in patent examination. According to MPEP 901.06, “All printed publications may be used as references, the date to be cited being the publication date.” These publications include scientific and technical literature, books, periodicals, and other printed materials that are relevant to the examination of patent applications.

The Scientific and Technical Information Center (STIC) maintains collections of these publications and provides access to them for patent examiners. These resources are crucial for determining the novelty and non-obviousness of patent applications.

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Tags: nonpatent publications, patent examination, prior art, scientific literature