What is a limiting reference in CPC classification?
A limiting reference in CPC classification is a specific type of reference found in group titles that excludes certain subject matter from the scope of a classification place. According to MPEP 905.01(a)(1):
“A limiting reference is found in the group titles of the scheme and exclude specific subject matter from the scope of the classification place, when this subject matter would otherwise fulfill all the requirements of the classification place (or would be covered by that place).”
Limiting references are crucial for classification purposes as they help avoid overlap between different classification places.
To learn more: