What types of nonpatent publications are considered in patent examinations?

According to MPEP 901.06, nonpatent publications considered in patent examinations include:

  • Magazines
  • Journals
  • Technical bulletins
  • Books
  • Published papers
  • Published articles
  • Other scientific publications

The MPEP states: “Abstracting publications such as Chemical Abstracts, biographical encyclopedias such as American Men and Women of Science, and other appropriate books in various fields are maintained in related groups.” These publications are used to supplement the examiner’s search for prior art.

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Tags: nonpatent publications, patent examination, prior art, scientific literature